The 12th lecture of College English one: Review some important phrases in text B:
1.come across(1段2行); 2.look sth up in...(1段3行); 3.at top speed(2段4行); 4.after all(2段6行); 5.make good sense(2段8行); 6.begin with(2段9行); 7.provide sb with
sth(3段2行); 8.preference for sth(3段3行); 9.come up with(5段5行); 10.find out(6段3行); 11.lead to(6段4行); 12.in black and white(6段6行); 13.build up
Unit 10 *Text A: Scientific AttitudesFrom very early time science began in the earth. Because we are curious about
anything around us, we often ask many questions, such as: why the sun only come out at daytime; why the sky is blue; why we have four different seasons etc.
then in this text we won't study those questions but what attitudes we should have when we study the science. So I think its very necessary for us to learn
them.A: new words:
1.scientific: adj 科学的； scientifically: adv 科学地； science: n 科学； scientist: n 科学家2.attitude: n 姿势、态度，常用介词：to, towards
3.environment: n 环境；environmental: adj环境的，environmental protection环保(*)4.curiosity: n 好奇心；curious: adj好奇的,常用短语：be curious about sth / to do sth(*)
5.imagination: n 想象力；imagine: v想象；imaginative: adj富于想象的6.stimulate: v 刺激、鼓励；stimulation: n刺激、鼓励；stimulant: n 刺激物、兴奋剂
7.phenomenon: n 现象，phenomena(复数)8.unknown: adj未知的，反义词：known被人所知的，know: v; 短语：be known to / be unknown
to被人所知/所不知; be known as被认为是... (*)a. He was known as a successful writer
b. That actor was almost unknown before he played that part.c. You never know what the result is till you finish the test.
9.open-minded: adj无偏见的，open-mindedness: n minded是形容词，表示具有某种心智、头脑的，如：strong-minded; feeble-minded; narrow-minded;
absent-minded etc.10.regardless: adj/adv 不留心的、不关心的，不顾、不惜；regard: v 注视、认为，n 问候；regarding:
prep关于；常用短语：regard sth as sth; regardless of sth(*)a.please give my kind regard to your grandparents.
b.His experiment is always regarded as a dig success.c.He tried again and again regardless of the failure.
11.previously: adv 在前地、早先地；previous: adj12.disagreeable: adj让人讨厌的，反义词：agreeable另人愉快的、宜人的
13.failure: n 失败；fail: v 失败，fail to do sth; fail in sthFailure is the mother of success.
14.solution: n 解决办法，solution to/for/of sth 15.adapt: v 适应、改编 adapt to sth 适应...；adapt for sth:适用于...; adaptation: n; adaptable:
adj适应的，(*)a.She found it difficult to adapt herself to the life in a foreign country.
b.He is not adapted for this job.16.perfect: adj完美的，反义词:imperfect
No one is perfect.人无完人。 17.acceptable: adj可以接受的，accept: v 接受；acceptance: n 接受; acceptability: n 可接受性
a.Is this programacceptable to you?b.The acceptability of the proposal is under discussion.
c.He asked her to marry him and she accepted him.18.frequently: adv usually; frequent: adj; frequency: n 频繁(*)
a.He has written to me frequently since I went abroad.b.Rains are very frequent here in summer.
c.The frequency of her visit surprised him.19.determine: v 决定，determine to do sth; determined: adj; determination: n
20.growth: n; grow: vB:Intensive reading:
1.Science had its beginning when man started asking questions about his environment.
译：科学源于人们/人类开始对周围事物提出疑问的时候。Starting asking...动名词作start的宾语。ask question about sh
2.Not all his answers were correct, but at least he did want to know.译：并非所有的答案都正确，但至少那时的人们确实想了解他周围的世界。
当not放在all, both表示半否定，若要表示全否定两者间用neither,三者用none.a.They both are my friends.
b.Not both of them are my friends.c.Neither of them is my friend.
d.They are all good students.e.They are not all good students.
f.None of them is good students.3. Curiosity and imagination are important qualities which help stimulate the
discovery of new facts and advance science.译：好奇心和想象力是帮助发现新的事实并推动科学发展的重要素质。
help do sth, help to do sth, 4. Scientifically minded people believe in a "cause-and-effect" relationship.
译：具有科学头脑的人们相信因果关系。短语：believe in sth相信5. Changes such as these, which are easily observed, are called phenomena.(*)
译：像这些容易被人观察到的变化称之为现象。这句话包含有两个被动语态，一个出现在定语从句中，另一个出现在主句中。
6. In cases where the explanation is unknown the scientific point of view is that there is a reason if it can only be discovered.
译：对于一些人们不知其解的现象，科学的观点是必有其因，只是尚未被发现罢了。分析：主语the scientific point of view；系动词：is；后跟表语从句that there is a reason if it can
only be discovered。In cases where the explanation is unknown是状语。In cases:在...情况下，后跟定语从句。注意if it can only be discovered的翻译：尚欠缺的唯一条件。
7. This means the ability to face the facts as they are regardless of what one has previously thought.
译：这指的是面对现存的事实而不管自己原来想法的能力。分析：to face the facts是动词不定式作定语修饰the ability; as they are表示按照它们的实际情况；regardless
of常用短语，不管、不顾。what one has previously thought作介词of的介词宾语。8. Thomas Edison failed thousands of times before he succeeded in producing the
first electric lamp.(*)译：托马斯。爱迪生失败了成千次才成功制造了第一盏电灯。
注意本句的几个考点：thousands of times; succeed in producing; 连词before9. The solutions to real problems can't be seen in advance.(*)
译：实际问题的解决方法是不能事先预见的。注意考点：the solutions to sth; can't be seen ; in advance短语：事先。
10. Scientists must be able to change their thinking and to adapt their theories to new facts as they are discovered.
译：科学家们必须能改变思路，调整自己的理论，使之于新发现的事实相适应。分析：change their thinking改变思路；adapt their theories to new facts使...适应...； as they are
discovered状语从句。11. This is another way of saying that man's understanding is always less than
perfect.（*）译：这是人的理解总是不尽完美的另一种说法。
考点：动名词saying；短语less than12. A scientific truth offers an explanation that is acceptable only in the
light of what is known at a particular time.译：科学的真理提供了一种解释，这种解释为人们所接受，使相对于某一特定时间内人们的知识而言的。
分析：that is acceptable定语从句修饰an explanation; what is known at a particular time作介词of的宾语。注意：in the light of sth按照、根据 = according to; be known; at a
particular time.13.区分下面两句话中的被动语态用法：
⑴. Views which are entirely new or foreign may also be hard to accept.⑵. New ideas are frequently very slow to be accepted.
当碰到hard, difficult, easy时后面的不定式用主动表被动，除此外其他的形容词要用过去分词表被动。14. It may take time for new acts to become available.
译：新事实的发现、获得使需要时间的。基本句型：It takes sb some time to do sth;
C. Summary about all the phrases:1.start doing(1段1行); 2.at least(1段5行); 3.lay aside sth(2段1行); 4.be curious about
sth(2段3行); 5.take apart sth(2段3行); 6.wonderabout sth(3段1行); 7.combine sth with sth(3段1-2行); 8.carry out(3段2行); 9.believe in(4段1行); 10.cause and effect; 11.in
case(4段7行); 13.point of view(4段8行); 14.regardless of sth(5段2行); 15.be willing to do(5段6行); 16.thousands of(5段6行); 17. succeed in doing(5段7行); 18.in
advance(6段1行); 19.adapt sth to sth(6段2行); 20.once and for all(6段4行); 21.make a change in sth(6段4行); 22.in the light of sth(6段8行); 23.respect for(7段1行); 24.come
up(7段3行); 25.be laughed at(8段2行); 26.in all fields of knowledge(8段4行).Text B:
1.arouse: vt 引起、唤起，区别：rise: vi; raise: vt; arise: vi出现、呈现(*)a. His behavior aroused my suspicion.
b.A new difficulty has arisen.c.The sun rises in the ease and sets in the west.
d.He raised his voice to make everyone hear.e.once his curiosity has been aroused, he uses certain methods and procedures to
obtain new knowledge...f.problems arise in a variety of ways.
2.obtain: v 得到，get, gain.3.biological: adj 生物学的；biology: n 生物学；biologist: n 生物学家
4.account: n 叙述、帐户；v account for sth说明...的原因; accountant:会计a. I have 2000 yuan in my account.
b. His illness can account for his absence.5.logical: adj 符合逻辑的，反义词：illogical
6.analysis: n 分析；analyze: v; analyst: n 分析者7.indicate: v 指示；indicator: n; indication: n
8.inference: n推论；infer; v ;类似的词还有：refer, reference; prefer, preference 9.prediction: n; predict: v 预计
10.confidence: n 信心；confident: adj有信心的； self-confidence自信11.unreliable: adj 靠不住的，反义词：reliable.
12.accurate: adj; accuracy: n

• review [ri´vju:] v.&n.复习；回顾；检查 (初中英语单词)
• scientific [,saiən´tifik] a.科学(上)的 (初中英语单词)
• program [´prəugræm] n.说明v.为...安排节目 (初中英语单词)
• frequent [´fri:kwənt] a.常见的，频繁的 (初中英语单词)
• beginning [bi´giniŋ] n.开始，开端；起源 (初中英语单词)
• curiosity [,kjuəri´ɔsiti] n.好奇；奇事；珍品 (初中英语单词)
• imagination [i,mædʒi´neiʃən] n.想象(力) (初中英语单词)
• explanation [,eksplə´neiʃən] n.解释；说明；辩解 (初中英语单词)
• ability [ə´biliti] n.(办事)能力；才干 (初中英语单词)
• willing [´wiliŋ] a.情愿的，乐意的 (初中英语单词)
• everyone [´evriwʌn] pron.=everybody 每人 (初中英语单词)
• variety [və´raiəti] n.变化；多样(性)；种类 (初中英语单词)
• account [ə´kaunt] vi.说明 vt.认为 n.帐目 (初中英语单词)
• illness [´ilnis] n.生病，不健康，疾病 (初中英语单词)
• indication [,indi´keiʃən] n.指示；征兆，迹象 (初中英语单词)
• reference [´refərəns] n.参考；参照；出处 (初中英语单词)
• daytime [´deitaim] n.白天 (高中英语单词)
• scientist [´saiəntist] n.(自然)科学家 (高中英语单词)
• regardless [ri´gɑ:dləs] a.不留心的；不关心的 (高中英语单词)
• determination [di,tə:mi´neiʃən] n.决心；决定 (高中英语单词)
• stimulate [´stimjuleit] v.刺激；服兴奋剂 (高中英语单词)
• previously [´pri:viəsli] ad.预先；以前 (高中英语单词)
• saying [´seiŋ, ´sei-iŋ] n.言语；言论；格言 (高中英语单词)
• behavior [bi´heiviə] n.举止，行为 (高中英语单词)
• preference [´prefərəns] n.优先选择；偏爱(物) (高中英语单词)
• predict [pri´dikt] v.预言；预告；预示 (高中英语单词)
• accuracy [´ækjurəsi] n.准确(性)；精密度 (高中英语单词)
• adaptation [ædæp´teiʃən] n.适应；改写(本) (英语四级单词)
• acceptable [ək´septəbəl] a.可接受的；合意的 (英语四级单词)
• summary [´sʌməri] a.&n.摘要(的) (英语四级单词)
• frequency [´fri:kwənsi] n.频繁；周率 (英语六级单词)
• minded [´maindid] a.有...心的 (英语六级单词)
• edison [´edisn] n.爱迪生 (英语六级单词)