章节正文
动名词Washing food down with water as a substitute for chewing作主语.as a substitute for chewing介词短语,作为...的替代品. 短语:substitute for sth
7. A few years ago the belief became general that orange juice and milk should never be drunk at the same meal.(*)
译:几年前,橘汁和牛奶在同一餐中不能饮用的这种看法变得十分普遍.that引导同位语从句,修饰belief. should never be drunk是情态动词得被动语态.
8. It is just as foolish to say that one should never eat meat and tomatoes together as it is to say that one should never eat bread or drink milk.
译:不要同时吃肉和土豆,这种看法是愚蠢的,就像说不能吃面包或不要喝牛奶一样.正常语序是: To say that one should never eat meat and tomatoes together is just as
foolish as to say that one should never eat bread or drink milk.主语太长用形式主语it.还要注意英文中讲究balance the sentence.即,主语是不定式,表语也要是不定式.
C. Brief summary about the phrases:1.make sb do sth(1段3行); 2.be eager to do sth(1段6行); 3.be supposed to do
sth(2段4行); 4.fall in love(2段5行); 5.be supplied to sb(3段4行); 6.a great many(4段1行); 7.substitute for sth(6段2行); 8.have sth to do with(7段2行); 9.have no
foundation(7段1行); 10.as a matter of fact(7段5行); 11.in the same way(8段4行); 12.think of sth as sth(8段3行)
Text B: Do Animals Think? A. New words:
1.engage: v 从事, engage in sth,His father engages in politics.
2.arrange: v 安排,筹划; arrangement: n, arrange sb to do sth.3.creature: n 生物; create: v 产生
4.imitate: v 模仿; imitation : n5.instinct: n 本能,直觉, by instinct
The birds can fly by instinct.6.variety: n 变化; vary: v 变化
7.unlike: prep 不像; dislike: v 不喜欢B. Important phrases:
1.a great deal(1段2行); 2.be true with/of(1段3行)(3段4行); 3.as well(1段4行); 4.engage in(2段5行); 5.search for sth(4段2行); 6.in some respects(5段2行); 7.a great
many(5段3行); 8.connect with(5段4行); 9.take care of(5段7行); 10.make improvement in sth(6段1行); 11.by instinct(7段3行); 12.speak of(8段1行); 13.a great variety of
sth(8段3行); 14.no use doing sth(8段8行); 15.have no knowledge of sth(9段7行) C. Grammar point: 倒装句
1. The ants, hardworking as they are, have their times for play.2. Very busy must be their thoughts while engaged in these sports.
3. Nor is this all.我们知道,通常主语应该在谓语之前,这是自然语序,但有时出于某种需要,会对主谓的有特殊的要求,出现部分谓语或全部谓语置于主语之前,这样的语序称作倒装.今天介绍几种常见的倒装的情况.
1.当表示否定意义的词放在句首时,句子需部分倒装,即将助动词,情态动词或be提至主语之前.常见的这样的词有:never, hardly, little, not only, rarely, scarcely etc.
e.g. Hardly had he said anything before he left.2.only引出的状语放在句首时.
a.only after class did he go home.b.only when you finish your homework can you watch TV.
3.句首为so, nor, neither等副词,表明前句说明的情况也适用于本句.a.He can speak fluent English. So can I.
b.I can't play computer games. Nor can he.4.在as引导的让步状语从句中.
1>. adj + as + 主语 + be:Young as he is, he knows a lot.
2>. n(不带冠词) + as +主语 + be:King as he is, he is unhappy.
3>. adv + as + 主语 + 动词:Fast as you run, you can't catch up with her.
4>. 动词 + as + 主语 + 助动词:Try as she does, she will never pass it.
5.当句子主语过长或需要强调某些词时.More important is the question of how to face the possibilities of illness,
injury, and even death.6.在非真实条件句中,若从句有had, should, were时将它们倒装到主语之前.
a.If I had left earlier, I would have caught the train.= Had I left earlier, I would have caught the train.
b.If it should drain tomorrow, we would call off our picnic.= Should it rain tomorrow, we would call off our picnic.
7.当here, there, then, thus等副词放在句首,并且谓语动词为come, go, be等不及物动词时.a.Here is a book for you.
b.There goes the bell.c.Here comes the bus!
8.用在may + 主语 + 动词原形...句式中,表示祝愿,希望.a. May you succeed!
b. May you be happy!该语法可参阅课本p569.
The 7th lecture of College English one
Key to exercises:p120:Ⅰ.b, d, d, c, c; p122:Ⅱ.1.bravery; 2.eager; 3.civilized; 4.overseas;
5.substitute; 6.foundation; 7.combination; 8.belief; 9.protein; 10.containp122.Ⅲ.1.pianos, violins; 2.firemen; 3.data; 4.deer; 5.potatoes, tomatoes
Ⅳ.1. During the Second World War, soldiers ate a number of potatoes.3. It remains unproved that fish is the best brain food.
4. Milk contains rich proteins and many people have it for breakfast.p123.Ⅰ.2.a.free; b. freedom; c. freely; 4.a. scientists; b. scientific; c.
science.p124.Ⅱ.1.mixture; 2.poisonous; 3.suppose; 4.digest; 5.widespread; 6.overseas;
7.similar; 8.foundation; 9.eager; 10.substitutep124.Ⅲ.1.digestion; 2.mixture; 3.belief; 4.civilization; 5.combination
Ⅳ.4. Some stories are very widespread, while others are not.6. people often think of a school as a small society.
p131:Ⅰ.T, T, T, F, T, T,, T, T, F, T Unit 6
Text A: DiamondsA.New words:
1.rare: adj 稀有的、难得的（不是数量少，而是物种稀有，区别于scarce）,rarely: adv 同义词：unusual2.sustance: n material 物质
3.slight: small adj 轻微的4.extreme: a 极端的；n 极端；adv extremely
5.pressure: n 压力；press v 压住6.popular: adj 流行的、受欢迎的 be popular with/among; popularity: n; popularize: v
使...流行、普及（*）a.our products have enjoyed general popularity.
b.They are trying to popularize their new methods of farming.c.Madonna's songs are extremely popular with young people.
7.handful: n 一把；hand: n 手；v 递给（*）a.please put your hand up if you can answer the question.
b.please hand me that model plane.c.only a handful of people came into the meeting.
8.formation: n 形成、构成；form: n 表格；v 形成（*）a.They formed a friendship when they were in the army.
b.parents play an important role in the formation of their children's habits.c.Football and tennis are different forms of sports.
9.volcano: n 火山；volcanoes10.somewhat: adv 有点
I'm somewhat surprised about his behavior.11.elevator: n 同义词：lift
12.impressive: adj 印象深刻的；impress: v 留下深刻印象；impression: n 印象（*）a.What was your first impression of Beijing?
b.We listened to a very impressive speech yesterday.c.I was deeply impressed by his noble deeds.
13.experienced: adj 有经验的；inexperienced 无经验的；experience: n 经验、经历; v 经历(*)a.She has much experience in teaching, so she's an experienced teacher.
b.I had a funny experience in Africa last year.14.miner: n 矿工；mine: n 矿，gold mine
15.immediately: adv 立刻，at once B.Intensive reading:
1.They are the hardest substance found in nature.译:它是被发现的自然界中最坚硬的物质。
found作定语，短语：in nature2.There are only four areas where very many diamonds have been found.（*）
译：人们发现的金刚石主要产区只有四个。where引导一个定语从句。
3.Diamonds became very popular with the kings and queens of Europe.became popular with sb:在...受欢迎，流行。
4.India's supply of diamonds was finally running out after 2500years of mining the stones.
译：2500年的开采终于使印度的金刚石资源枯竭。run out 用尽、枯竭； We are running out of our fresh water.
5.These diamonds were probably carried from where they were formed to India by great sheets of moving ice that covered parts of the earth 20000 years ago.
译：这些金刚石可能是在两万年前，随着覆盖于地球表面的冰川，从它们的形成漂移至印度的。这句话注意它的从句：where they were formed作介词from的宾语从句，词性相当于后面的India，不是定语也不是状语；that
covered parts of the earth 20000 years ago是定语从句修饰great sheets of moving ice。6.Diamonds, as they are found, don't look very impressive.
译：金刚石刚采出时，并不十分吸引人。7.But some people have carried around an unusualpebble for weeks before finding
out that they had got a diamond.译：而有的人数周后才发现带在身边的不寻常的鹅卵石原来是一颗金刚石。
finding out that they had got a diamond作介词before的介宾。find out与find不同，find out强调通过努力之后的发现，而find含有偶然性。
a. I found my lost pen on the floor.
7. A few years ago the belief became general that orange juice and milk should never be drunk at the same meal.(*)
译:几年前,橘汁和牛奶在同一餐中不能饮用的这种看法变得十分普遍.that引导同位语从句,修饰belief. should never be drunk是情态动词得被动语态.
8. It is just as foolish to say that one should never eat meat and tomatoes together as it is to say that one should never eat bread or drink milk.
译:不要同时吃肉和土豆,这种看法是愚蠢的,就像说不能吃面包或不要喝牛奶一样.正常语序是: To say that one should never eat meat and tomatoes together is just as
foolish as to say that one should never eat bread or drink milk.主语太长用形式主语it.还要注意英文中讲究balance the sentence.即,主语是不定式,表语也要是不定式.
C. Brief summary about the phrases:1.make sb do sth(1段3行); 2.be eager to do sth(1段6行); 3.be supposed to do
sth(2段4行); 4.fall in love(2段5行); 5.be supplied to sb(3段4行); 6.a great many(4段1行); 7.substitute for sth(6段2行); 8.have sth to do with(7段2行); 9.have no
foundation(7段1行); 10.as a matter of fact(7段5行); 11.in the same way(8段4行); 12.think of sth as sth(8段3行)
Text B: Do Animals Think? A. New words:
1.engage: v 从事, engage in sth,His father engages in politics.
2.arrange: v 安排,筹划; arrangement: n, arrange sb to do sth.3.creature: n 生物; create: v 产生
4.imitate: v 模仿; imitation : n5.instinct: n 本能,直觉, by instinct
The birds can fly by instinct.6.variety: n 变化; vary: v 变化
7.unlike: prep 不像; dislike: v 不喜欢B. Important phrases:
1.a great deal(1段2行); 2.be true with/of(1段3行)(3段4行); 3.as well(1段4行); 4.engage in(2段5行); 5.search for sth(4段2行); 6.in some respects(5段2行); 7.a great
many(5段3行); 8.connect with(5段4行); 9.take care of(5段7行); 10.make improvement in sth(6段1行); 11.by instinct(7段3行); 12.speak of(8段1行); 13.a great variety of
sth(8段3行); 14.no use doing sth(8段8行); 15.have no knowledge of sth(9段7行) C. Grammar point: 倒装句
1. The ants, hardworking as they are, have their times for play.2. Very busy must be their thoughts while engaged in these sports.
3. Nor is this all.我们知道,通常主语应该在谓语之前,这是自然语序,但有时出于某种需要,会对主谓的有特殊的要求,出现部分谓语或全部谓语置于主语之前,这样的语序称作倒装.今天介绍几种常见的倒装的情况.
1.当表示否定意义的词放在句首时,句子需部分倒装,即将助动词,情态动词或be提至主语之前.常见的这样的词有:never, hardly, little, not only, rarely, scarcely etc.
e.g. Hardly had he said anything before he left.2.only引出的状语放在句首时.
a.only after class did he go home.b.only when you finish your homework can you watch TV.
3.句首为so, nor, neither等副词,表明前句说明的情况也适用于本句.a.He can speak fluent English. So can I.
b.I can't play computer games. Nor can he.4.在as引导的让步状语从句中.
1>. adj + as + 主语 + be:Young as he is, he knows a lot.
2>. n(不带冠词) + as +主语 + be:King as he is, he is unhappy.
3>. adv + as + 主语 + 动词:Fast as you run, you can't catch up with her.
4>. 动词 + as + 主语 + 助动词:Try as she does, she will never pass it.
5.当句子主语过长或需要强调某些词时.More important is the question of how to face the possibilities of illness,
injury, and even death.6.在非真实条件句中,若从句有had, should, were时将它们倒装到主语之前.
a.If I had left earlier, I would have caught the train.= Had I left earlier, I would have caught the train.
b.If it should drain tomorrow, we would call off our picnic.= Should it rain tomorrow, we would call off our picnic.
7.当here, there, then, thus等副词放在句首,并且谓语动词为come, go, be等不及物动词时.a.Here is a book for you.
b.There goes the bell.c.Here comes the bus!
8.用在may + 主语 + 动词原形...句式中,表示祝愿,希望.a. May you succeed!
b. May you be happy!该语法可参阅课本p569.
The 7th lecture of College English one
Key to exercises:p120:Ⅰ.b, d, d, c, c; p122:Ⅱ.1.bravery; 2.eager; 3.civilized; 4.overseas;
5.substitute; 6.foundation; 7.combination; 8.belief; 9.protein; 10.containp122.Ⅲ.1.pianos, violins; 2.firemen; 3.data; 4.deer; 5.potatoes, tomatoes
Ⅳ.1. During the Second World War, soldiers ate a number of potatoes.3. It remains unproved that fish is the best brain food.
4. Milk contains rich proteins and many people have it for breakfast.p123.Ⅰ.2.a.free; b. freedom; c. freely; 4.a. scientists; b. scientific; c.
science.p124.Ⅱ.1.mixture; 2.poisonous; 3.suppose; 4.digest; 5.widespread; 6.overseas;
7.similar; 8.foundation; 9.eager; 10.substitutep124.Ⅲ.1.digestion; 2.mixture; 3.belief; 4.civilization; 5.combination
Ⅳ.4. Some stories are very widespread, while others are not.6. people often think of a school as a small society.
p131:Ⅰ.T, T, T, F, T, T,, T, T, F, T Unit 6
Text A: DiamondsA.New words:
1.rare: adj 稀有的、难得的（不是数量少，而是物种稀有，区别于scarce）,rarely: adv 同义词：unusual2.sustance: n material 物质
3.slight: small adj 轻微的4.extreme: a 极端的；n 极端；adv extremely
5.pressure: n 压力；press v 压住6.popular: adj 流行的、受欢迎的 be popular with/among; popularity: n; popularize: v
使...流行、普及（*）a.our products have enjoyed general popularity.
b.They are trying to popularize their new methods of farming.c.Madonna's songs are extremely popular with young people.
7.handful: n 一把；hand: n 手；v 递给（*）a.please put your hand up if you can answer the question.
b.please hand me that model plane.c.only a handful of people came into the meeting.
8.formation: n 形成、构成；form: n 表格；v 形成（*）a.They formed a friendship when they were in the army.
b.parents play an important role in the formation of their children's habits.c.Football and tennis are different forms of sports.
9.volcano: n 火山；volcanoes10.somewhat: adv 有点
I'm somewhat surprised about his behavior.11.elevator: n 同义词：lift
12.impressive: adj 印象深刻的；impress: v 留下深刻印象；impression: n 印象（*）a.What was your first impression of Beijing?
b.We listened to a very impressive speech yesterday.c.I was deeply impressed by his noble deeds.
13.experienced: adj 有经验的；inexperienced 无经验的；experience: n 经验、经历; v 经历(*)a.She has much experience in teaching, so she's an experienced teacher.
b.I had a funny experience in Africa last year.14.miner: n 矿工；mine: n 矿，gold mine
15.immediately: adv 立刻，at once B.Intensive reading:
1.They are the hardest substance found in nature.译:它是被发现的自然界中最坚硬的物质。
found作定语，短语：in nature2.There are only four areas where very many diamonds have been found.（*）
译：人们发现的金刚石主要产区只有四个。where引导一个定语从句。
3.Diamonds became very popular with the kings and queens of Europe.became popular with sb:在...受欢迎，流行。
4.India's supply of diamonds was finally running out after 2500years of mining the stones.
译：2500年的开采终于使印度的金刚石资源枯竭。run out 用尽、枯竭； We are running out of our fresh water.
5.These diamonds were probably carried from where they were formed to India by great sheets of moving ice that covered parts of the earth 20000 years ago.
译：这些金刚石可能是在两万年前，随着覆盖于地球表面的冰川，从它们的形成漂移至印度的。这句话注意它的从句：where they were formed作介词from的宾语从句，词性相当于后面的India，不是定语也不是状语；that
covered parts of the earth 20000 years ago是定语从句修饰great sheets of moving ice。6.Diamonds, as they are found, don't look very impressive.
译：金刚石刚采出时，并不十分吸引人。7.But some people have carried around an unusualpebble for weeks before finding
out that they had got a diamond.译：而有的人数周后才发现带在身边的不寻常的鹅卵石原来是一颗金刚石。
finding out that they had got a diamond作介词before的介宾。find out与find不同，find out强调通过努力之后的发现，而find含有偶然性。
a. I found my lost pen on the floor.
- substitute [´sʌbstitju:t]
n.代理人 v.代替，取代 (初中英语单词) - belief [bi´li:f] n.相信；信仰，信条 (初中英语单词)
- supposed [sə´pəuzd] a.想象的；假定的 (初中英语单词)
- arrangement [ə´reindʒmənt] n.整理；排列；筹备 (初中英语单词)
- dislike [dis´laik] vt.&n.不喜爱，厌恶 (初中英语单词)
- improvement [im´pru:vmənt] n.改进，改善，进步 (初中英语单词)
- variety [və´raiəti] n.变化；多样(性)；种类 (初中英语单词)
- rarely [´reəli] ad.难得；非凡地 (初中英语单词)
- computer [kəm´pju:tə] n.计算机；电子计算器 (初中英语单词)
- freely [´fri:li] ad.自由地；慷慨地 (初中英语单词)
- scientific [,saiən´tifik] a.科学(上)的 (初中英语单词)
- extremely [ik´stri:mli] ad.极端地；非常地 (初中英语单词)
- impression [im´preʃən] n.印刷；印象；效果 (初中英语单词)
- running [´rʌniŋ] a.奔跑的；流动的 (初中英语单词)
- unusual [ʌn´ju:ʒuəl] a.不平常的；异常的 (初中英语单词)
- imitation [,imi´teiʃən] n.模仿；仿制品；赝品 (高中英语单词)
- popularity [,pɔpju´læriti] n.普及；流行；名望 (高中英语单词)
- handful [hændful] n.一把，少数，一小撮 (高中英语单词)
- formation [fɔ:´meiʃən] n.形成；构成；排列 (高中英语单词)
- tennis [´tenis] n.网球(运动) (高中英语单词)
- impressive [im´presiv] a.给人深刻印象的 (高中英语单词)
- mining [´mainiŋ] n.采矿；矿业 (高中英语单词)
- pebble [´pebəl] n.卵石 v.(用卵石)铺 (高中英语单词)
- summary [´sʌməri] a.&n.摘要(的) (英语四级单词)
- widespread [´waidspred] a.广布的；普遍的 (英语四级单词)
- trying [´traiiŋ] a.难堪的；费劲的 (英语四级单词)
- experienced [ik´spiəriənst] a.有经验的；熟练的 (英语四级单词)
文章标签:学英语 大学英语
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