酷兔英语

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合成动词  在英语的合成词(compound words)中,合成动词(compound verbs)的数目较少,主要有下面三种类别:

  ㈠副词+动词,如 outdo, overcome, undermine, upset, cross-question, withhold, backbite 等。

  ㈡名词+动词,如 sunbathe, sidetrack, typewrite, house-hunt, browbeat, hoodwink, waylay 等。

  ㈢形容词+动词,如 whitewash, safeguard, shortlist, blackmail 等。

  这三类合成动词中,以第一种最为丰富,特别是那些由"over, under, out"引导的,更显得多彩多姿。

  由 over 引导的合成动词含有"太多、过多"的意思,如: overact, overburden, overcharge, overdo, overdress, overeat, overestimate, overpower, overpraise, overproduce, overprotect, overrule, oversleep, overspend, overstate, overstay, overwork 等。

  由 under 引导的合成动词含 有"太少、不足"的意思,如: undercharge, underpay, underrate, understate, undervalue, underwork 等。

  由 out 引导的合成动词则含有"超过、胜过"之意,如: outdo, outgrow, outlive, outnumber, outside, outrank, outshine, outstay, outstrip, outweigh, outwit 等。

  现在举些句子示范:
① The food cost $3, but he was overcharged by 50 cents.
② Some romantic scenes in our TV shows were overdone.
③ Don't overstate your predicament or people will not believe you.
④ Some reporters understated the seriousness of the regional financial turmoil.
⑤ The staff of the company felt that their contribution had been undervalued.
⑥ Chinese swimmers outdid their opponents.
⑦ This type of computer has outlived its usefulness.
⑧ The advantages of the new salary scheme far outweigh its disadvantages.

  最后,必须注意的是:不是凡是"over "就是"过多、太多" ,凡是"under"就是"太少、不足"或凡是"out"就是"超过、胜过"。反之,有些合成动词根本和这几个副词的意思风马牛不相及。例如:

  ● overhear(无意中听到)
  ● overlook(俯视、疏忽、忽略)
  ● oversee(监督)
  ● overshadow(使......暗然失色)
  ● overthrow(推翻)
  ● overturn(使翻覆)
  ● undergo(经历、遭受)
  ● underline(在......划线、强调)
  ● undermine(破坏)
  ● underpin(加强、巩固)
  ● understand(理解)
  ● understudy(充当替手)
  ● undertake(担任、着手)
  ● outline(略述)
  ● outrage(虐待,侵害)
  ● outspread(伸展)

关键字:英语讲义
生词表:
  • undermine移动到这儿单词发声 vt.在...下面掘地道 六级词汇
  • withhold移动到这儿单词发声 v.不给;扣留;抑制 六级词汇
  • blackmail移动到这儿单词发声 vt.&n.敲诈,勒索 六级词汇
  • overpower移动到这儿单词发声 vt.压倒;制服;打败 四级词汇
  • overwork移动到这儿单词发声 v.(使)劳累n.过分劳累 六级词汇
  • seriousness移动到这儿单词发声 n.严肃,认真;重要性 六级词汇
  • turmoil移动到这儿单词发声 n.骚动;混乱 六级词汇
  • usefulness移动到这儿单词发声 n.有用(性);有益(性) 六级词汇


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