名词句型的优点
英语中常用不同结构的句子来表达相同或相近的一个意思。例如:
① Young people prefer pop songs.
② Young people have a
preference for pop songs.
①和②的语义相同,但是它们的句子结构不同。①的结构是"主语+动词+宾语";②的是"主语+动词+名词+介词+宾语"。②中所用的动词通常是"have, give, do, make, take, bring"等。
①是个很常见的简单句;②是个重要的名词句型(Noun Pattern),也很普遍。在一般情况下, 写像①这样的句子或②这样的名词句型,都没问题,都很正确,但是若要使句子发挥更良好的效果,在某些情况下,就要采用像②的名词句型了。
这个句型的优点如下:
1. 使语义模棱两可的句子的意思更明朗,如:
③ The Doctor looked at Helen.
a. The Doctor took a look at Helen.
b. The Doctor gave Helen a knowing look.
③含有③a和③b的意思。③a的"看"和医生专业有关;③b的"看"就和医生专业无关。同样的,④的意思,不如(4)a和(4)b清楚:
④ She washed.(洗涤)
a. She had a wash.(洗澡)
b. She did some washing.(洗衣服)
2.名词句型中的修饰语较易使用,也较自然;例如:⑤a和⑤b里用副词修饰动词或另一个副词,不如⑥a和⑥b里用
形容词修饰名词自然易解:
⑤a. The old man recovered
spectacularly.
⑤b. The old man recovered
extraordinarily rapidily.
⑥a. The old man made a
spectacularrecovery.
⑥b. The old man made an
extraordinarily rapid
recovery.
3.名词句型在词语重点的处理上较方便。例如⑦a的强调点,就不如⑦b明显;
⑦a. That new system won't really harm you.
b. That new system won't do you any real harm.
4.名词句型较易使句子或上下文保持平衡。例如⑧a的答语就不如⑧b四平八稳:
⑧What do you often do after lunch?
a. I sleep. / I rest.
b. I have a sleep. / I take a rest.
5.名词句型可以回避主语的或宾语的不定代词(Indefinite Pronoun),因为这种代词含义较笼统。例如⑨a和⑩a中的不定代词"something"和"someone"不必在⑨)b和⑩b中出现,使后二句意思显明多多:
⑨a. Something exploded last night.
b. There was an
explosion last night.
⑩a. The
gangster murdered someone.
b. The
gangster committed a murder.
综上所述,名词句型虽然显得长些,但也有不少优点,不容忽视。如果能在上述5种情况下,运用名词句型,句子的结构不但正确而且含义更好、更吸引人。
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