怎样使句子简练利落

　　不是所有的长句都是罗唆的，也不是凡是短的句子都是洗练的。我们要尽量运用简练的句子；我们也要尽量把没有增添语意的词语去掉，并且将冗长句子节缩，使之简练利落。

　　我们可以从四方面着手：

一、消除多余的词语

　　每句话里的词藻或用语，如果对语意起不了作用就不要铺张，要给以铲除，因此(1)a-(7)a都嫌唠叨，要由(1)b-(7)b来取代：

　　(1)a. At this point of time

→b. Now

　　(2)a. Bring all this to a conclusion.

→b. Concluding this.

　　(3)a. Has a tendency to drop

→b. Can drop easily.

　　(4)a. On account of the fact that...

→b. As.../Since...

　　(5)a. Situated in the vicinity of...

→b. near...

　　(6)a. June was detemined in her mind to ...

→b. June was determind to .../

June decided to ...

　　(7)a. Here comes David, a person whom I idolise and for whom I have the greatest admiration.

→b. Here comes David,a person I idolise./Here comes my idol, David.


二、避免不必要的重复

　　重复重要的字眼是种修辞手段，但是不必要或无目的的重复，却使句子累赘不自然，因此(8)a-(12)a要改为(8)b-(12)b:

　　(8)a. Close proximity

→b. Proximity

　　(9)a. Cooperate together

→b. Cooperate/work together

　　(10)a. Most unique

→b. unique

　　(11)a. The patient in Ward 2 is a mentally ill man.

→b. The patient in Ward 2 is mentally ill.

　　(12)a. A good teacher helps each student to become a better student, both academically and mentally.

→b. A good teacher helps each student to grow. /develop academically and mentally.


三、简化句子结构

　　句子结构务必明确易解，如果出现不必要的迂回状况，便要纠正加以简化，而且尽量采用恰当的动词，臻达这目的；因此(13)a-(14)a要改为(13)b-(14)b:

　　(13)a. Rarely should a doctor give a patient an estimate of how many months or years he or she will live.

→b.Rarely should a doctor estimate/predict how long a patient will live.

　　(14)a. The manager is responsible for monitoring and balancing the annual budget for all expenses.

→b. The manager monitors and balances the annual budget.


四、将从句节缩为短语、短语简化为单词

　　英语从句和短语，特别是修饰性质者，可以简而略之，但语意不变，如(15)a和(16)a都可节缩为(15)b和(16)b:

　　(15)a. The oral approach,which is a method of language teaching,is effective for teaching oral communication.

→b. The oral approach, a method of language teaching, is effective for teaching oral communication.

　　(16)a. Janet's jacket, made of cotton, is too warm for hot weather here.

→b. Janet's cotton jacket, is too warm for hot weather


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