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故宫是明清两代的皇宫，又称紫禁城。位于北京市中心，建于明永乐四年（１４０６年），完成于明永乐十八年（１４２０年），距今已有５７０多年的历史。先后有明代１４ 位皇帝和清１０位皇帝在此相继登基执政。紫禁城平面呈长方形，占地约７２万平方米，据说有殿宇楼阁９９９９间半。建筑面积约１６万平方米。紫红色的宫墙长３４００米。四面正中设城门四座，上建城门楼阁，南为午门，北为神午门、东为东华门、西为西华门，城垣外环绕宽５２米、深 ４.１米的护城河，四隅各建一座角楼，犹如壁垒森严的城堡。宫殿分前后两部分，前为外朝，是皇帝举行大典，召见群臣，行使权力的场所。后为内廷，是皇帝日常处理政务和帝后、嫔妃、皇子、公主居住、游玩、奉神之处。故宫保存有大量珍贵文物，达92万件以上，是中国也是世界上现存规模最大、最完整的古代木结构宫殿建筑群。
The Imperial Palace, also known as the Forbidden City, was the imperial palace of emperors in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. It is located at the centre of Beijing. The construction began in the 4th year of the reign of Yongle Emperor (1406) in the Ming Dynasty, and completed 14 years later (1420). There were 14 emperors in the Ming Dynasty and 10 emperors in the Qing Dynasty had been enthroned and ruled here.
The Forbidden City, rectangular in shape and 720,000 square meters in size, owns 9,999 and a half rooms, the floor space of which is about 160,000 square meters. The palaces are surrounded by purplish-red walls 3,400 meters long and a moat 52 meters wide 4.1 meters deep. At the middle of each four walls stands a gate tower; the Meridian Gate in the south, the Godly Prowess Gate in the north, the Donghua Gate in the east, the Xihua Gate in the west, and at each of the four comers stands a tower. The whole Forbidben City looks like a strongly fortified castle.
It is composed of two parts, the outer palace where the emperors held grand ceremonies, and discussed state affairs with high-ranking officials and the inner palace where emperors conducted routine government affairs and empresses, concubines, princes, princesses resided, amused themselves and worshipped gods. There are 920,000 pieces of historical relics in the Imperial Palace. It is the largest and most complete existing ancient woodenarchitecturalcomplex both in China and in the world.
- imperial [im´piəriəl]
a.帝国的；庄严的 (初中英语单词) - construction [kən´strʌkʃən] n.建设；修建；结构 (初中英语单词)
- emperor [´empərə] n.皇帝 (初中英语单词)
- strongly [´strɔŋli] ad.强烈地；强有力地 (初中英语单词)
- wooden [´wudn] a.木制的；呆板的 (初中英语单词)
- complex [´kɔmpleks] a.复杂的 n.综合企业 (初中英语单词)
- forbidden [fə´bidn] forbid的过去分词 (高中英语单词)
- routine [ru:´ti:n] n.日常工作 a.日常的 (高中英语单词)
- historical [his´tɔrikəl] a.历史(上)的 (高中英语单词)
- dynasty [´dinəsti] n.王朝；朝代 (英语四级单词)
- prowess [´prauis] n.勇猛；技术；本领 (英语四级单词)
- composed [kəm´pəuzd] a.镇静自若的 (英语四级单词)
- architectural [ɑ:ki´tektʃər(ə)l] a.建筑术的；建筑学的 (英语四级单词)
- rectangular [rek´tæŋgjulə] a.矩形的；成直角的 (英语六级单词)
- meridian [mə´ridiən] n.&a.正午(的) (英语六级单词)
章节正文
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