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Text A Work, Labor, and Play
课文简介
本文主要介绍了工作与劳作之间的差别。能给人以报酬,同时又能带来快乐的便是工作,如果某人从所从事的工作中得到享受,他就是个工作者,如果他被迫做此事来谋生,那么他就是个劳作者。劳作者通常希望有更多的空闲来娱乐,而对工作者来说,工作本身就是娱乐。文章还分析了为什么工作者所占比例只有16%
Paras.1-3 the
essential differenceamong work, labor and play.
Paras.4-5 thereason why
percentage of
workers is smaller than that of
laborers.
New Words
1.compel vt. 强迫(to)
be compelled to 被强迫
用法:compel sb. todo sth. 强迫某人做某事,令某人不得不做某事
The rain compelled us to stayindoors. 下雨使我们不得不待在家里。
They were often compelled to worktwelve or fourteen hours a day.
他们常常不得不每天工作12或14个小时。
2
rightly ad. 公正地,正当地;
right:
a.正确的,对的,右边的
n. 权利
3.
laborern. 劳动者;工人
4.antithesis n. 对偶,(修辞学)对句;对立面
oppositeness
antithesis的同义词oppositeness
5.
voluntary a. 自愿的,志愿的;自发的
派生词:volunteer n. 志愿者,自愿者
Is it
voluntary, or do we have togo? 这是自愿的,还是我们必须去?
He has just finished his
voluntaryservices
overseas. 他刚完成海外志愿工作。
6.undertake vt. 着手做,进行;承担,从事
He
undertook the responsibilityfor
reform. 他负责改革工作。
He
undertook to improve theworking conditions. 他承诺改善工作。
He
reluctantlyundertook the work.他不情愿地从事这项工作。
7.
coincide vi. 一致,相符(with)
Our interests
coincide. 我们的利害(关系)一致。
His comments
coincided with asurvey this week. 他的意见与本周的一项调查结果一致。
A man's appearance doesn't often
coincide with his moral quality.
一个人的外貌和他的品质常常不一致。
8.
manual a./n. 手的,用手(操作)的;体力的
9.cobbler n. 补鞋匠
10.clerk n. 办事员,公务员;店员
11.
efficiently ad. 效率高地,有能力地
inefficient
inefficiency
This adult education
program canalso help
eliminatepoverty in this area.
这项成人教育计划也有助于在这个地区消除贫困。
Eliminate the exploitation of menby men. 消灭人剥削人的现象。
All the mistakes should be
eliminated from his article. 所有的错误都应从这篇文章里清除掉。
12.coronarya./n.冠的,冠状的;冠状动脉
13.
compulsion n. 强制,强迫
compel
14.division n. 分开,分割;分工;部门
divide
15.
eliminate vt.排除,消灭
get rid of
16.
formerlyad. 以前,从前
17.enjoyablea. 愉快的,快乐的;有趣的
enjoy doing sth
18.boring a. 令人厌烦的
boring a.
bore v.
boredom n.
19.
aristocracy n. 贵族统治;贵族
20.
ritualize vt./vi.(行为模式)仪式化
-ise -ize 动词词尾
ritual 21.
grousen. 松鸡
22.unchanging a. 不变的
23.
aristocratic a. 贵族的;贵族式的
24.amusement n. 娱乐,消遣
25.gamble vi./vt./n.赌博,打赌;投机,冒险
26.duel n./vi. 决斗;(双方的)斗争
27.
warfaren. 战争,作战,
28.aptly ad. 恰当地,贴切地;灵巧地
29.
phrase n. 短语,词语;习惯用语
phrases
1.so far as ...knows 就某人所知
so far as somebody
someone
knows
He isn't coming today, so far as Iknow. 据我所知,他今天不会来。
So far as I know, he won't be backuntil next month. 据我所知,他等到下个月才能回来。
2.of...value 有...价值
of+n=相应的形容词
具有特性的名词。
be of+n=be+相应的形容词
This work is of great importance /value / interest = This work is very important/valuable / interesting. 这项工作很重要/很有价值/很有趣。
Information is of great value tohim. 信息对他有很大价值。
很多人仍然认为妇女的职业是第二重要的。
Many people still believe thatwomen's
career are
secondary important ./are of
secondary importance.
3.of...importance 有...重要性
4.in the
strict sense 在严格的意义上
They are not immigrants, at leastnot in the
strict sense. 从严格意义上来说他们不是移民。
5.of...interest 有...兴趣
6.to
coincide with 相符,一致
7.attitude towards 对...的态度;意见
What is your attitude to/towardsthis idea? 你对这个想法的态度如何?
8.at a guess 凭猜测
9.to go in for 参加,从事;以...为兴趣,爱好
compel devideget rid of
What sports do you go in for? 你喜欢什么运动?
He goes in for pop music. 他喜欢流行音乐。
The boy goes in for stampcollecting. 这个男孩喜欢集邮。
10.to get one's teeth into 死死咬住,紧紧抓住;认真对待
Work, Labor, and Play
So far as I know, Miss Hannah Arendt was the first person to
define the
essentialdifference between work and labor. To be happy, a man must feel, firstly, freeand,
secondly, important. He cannot be really happy if he is compelled bysociety to do what he does not enjoy doing, or if what he enjoys doing isignored by society as of no value or importance.(1)In a society where
slavery in the
strict sense has been abolished, the sign that what a man does is of socialvalue is that he is paid money to do it, but a
laborer today can
rightly becalled a wage slave.(2)A man is a
laborer if the job society offers him is of no interest tohimself but he is compelled to take it by the necessity of earning a living andsupporting his family.(3)