（答案解析）
　
　
一、单项选择题。
1.Vocabulary and Structure (10 points,1 point for each)
1. Decision makers must have some way of determining ______several alternatives is best.
A. which
B. what
C. of which
D. which of
2.It is only recently _______astronomers have begun specificresearch into black holes.
A. who
B. which
C. when
D. that
3.A Filipino maid was executed in Singapore after being convicted of murder,_ ________protests from various quarters.
A. in spite
B. despite
C. although
D. nevertheless
4.Something is standing_ ______of accomplishing the goals.
A. on the way
B. in the way
C. by the way
D. in a way
5.Often it means that a ________job of examining the problems has not been done.
A. through
B. thorough
C. though
D. thought
6.Concentration is not as simple to deal successfully with_ ____the definition may imply.
A. as
B. which
C. than
D. if
7.________the two clocks would normally sound their alarms together, now they ring at different times.
A. Therefore
B. Whereas
C. However
D. Whether
8.________we understand what Jet Lag is, we can go some way to overcoming it
A. Rather than
B. As though
C. Ever since
D. Now that
9.In the original test, all the animals in a test group are given a substance ______half of them die.
A. unless
B. until
C. lest
D. provided
10.The question persists_ _____the computer will make it easier or harder for human beings to know themselves.
A. whether
B. when
C. which
D. what
二、综合题。
1.
Cloze Test (10 points,1 point for each)
People work, play, and share ideas with one another. To live together, people must understand one another. There are many ways for people 1 others know what they think or want. There are many ways in 2 people can find out what others think or want. The ways of knowing about others or letting others 3 your ideas are called communication. 4 communication is done by language. Some is spoken and some is written. There must be someone who listens to and understands 5 language to have communication. Someone must read and understand written language before there is communication.
There are ways of communicating without language, too. A smile is understood everywhere; 6 is laughing or crying. Pointing to something directs 7 to the object. Even a glance can be used to communicate. Some movements of the 8 have special meanings. For example, we nod our heads to say "Yes" and shake them 9 to mean "No".
Sometimes pictures are used to explain a thought 10 tell a story. Sometimes a simple sound or even a color is used to give information. For example, red is often a danger sign. Maps show directions.
1.A.let
B. to let
C. letting
D. having let
2.A.that
B. what
C. which
D. how
3.A.know
B. to know
C. which
D. how
4.A.Many
B. Few
C.A few
D. known
5.A.spoken
B. written
C. foreign
D. native
6.A.as
B. so
C. than
D. it
7.A.subject
B. movement
C. attention
D. carelessness
8.A.language
B. eyes
C. body
D. matter
9.A.from side by side
B. for side and side
C .from side to side
D. at both sides
20.A.or to
B. and for
C. in order
D. to not
2.Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.
Life insurance companies realize that death and dying leave negativeimpressions. Agents are trained to avoid the use of plain language in sales presentations. Instead of suggesting that you might die too soon, most agents will talk about the possibility that "something might happen to you" or that "you might be out of the picture". A better approach for the personal risk manager is to be enough of a realist to use the proper language. Eventually, you will die. Each human being faces death. You have to be objective enough to accept the certainty of your own death before you can adequately prepare for it financially.
The need for life insurance is related to the financial consequences of death. Ask yourself who will suffer financially if you die tonight. How much financial loss will that person (or persons) suffer? If you are the typical college student (unmarried, with no dependents, and being helped through college by your parents) the financial loss in the event of your death would be small and probably limited to your funeral and burial expenses. No doubt, your parents would suffer severeemotional loss, but remember that life insurance cannot replace love and affection. Life insurance can pay only money.
On the other hand, if you are the father or mother of young children, the financial consequences of your early death would be very serious. As a parent, you plan to provide your children with shelter, food clothing, and an education---all of which cost a great deal of money. Life insurance can replace the dollars you would have earned had you lived to support your children. As a young father or mother, you probably need life insurance in an amount that will provide for your children until they are able to support themselves.
Thus, life insurance needs vary. They vary throughout one's life. College students do not need as much life insurance as do parents of small children. Life insurance needs also very from individual to individual, depending on the standard of living, on the number of children, on the plans of those children, and on many other factors. For example, it will take a great deal more money (and life insurance) if you plan to send your children to a medical school or to a law school. The best way to determining one's life insurance needs is to arrange a meeting with an experienced life insurance agent and to discuss the question individually with that agent. Life insurance needs should not be generalized.
1.Life insurance agents avoid the use of plain language in sales presentation because_____.
A．life insurance involves a large amount of money.
B．death is something people do not like to talk about.
C．most people are not adequately prepared for that kind of insurance.
D．they think this is the best way to persuade people to accept the certainty of their own death.
2.If one says you might be out of the picture, he implies that_____.
A. it is possible that you will die.
B. you had better buy an insurance policy.
C. you couldn't have a picture taken.
D. you are unwilling to admit any possible danger.
3.The need for life insurance results from______.
A. the negativeimpression on death.
B. the objectivecertainty faced by all humans.
C. the lack of rational planning for death.
D. the financial consequences of death.
4.College students____.
A. do not need any life insurance as they are young and healthy.
B. need life insurance to gain financial aid for their college education.
C. do not need so much life insurance as parents of small children.
D. need life insurance to cover their funeral and burial expenses.
5.It is implied but not directly mentioned that__________.
A. some individuals do not need any insurance.
B. it is expensive to study at a medical school.
C. it is the insurance agent who determines whether or not you need life insurance.
D. the poorer you are, the more you depend on life insurance.
3.Questions 1 to 5 are based on the following passage.
The population is growing more quickly in some parts of the world than others. The continents with the fastest growth rates are Latin America (2.9 per cent) and Africa (2.6 per cent). Asia comes third (2.1 per cent) but because its present population is so large it is there that by far the greatest number of people will be added before the end of the century.
The main reason is not so much a rise in birth rates as a fall in death rates as a result of improvements in public health services and medical care. Many more babies now surviveinfancy, grow up and become parents, and many more adults are living into old age so that populations are being added to at both ends. In Europe and America the death rate began top fall during the Industrial Revolution. In the developing countries of Africa, Asia and Latin America the fall in death rate did not begin till much later and the birth rate has only recently begun to fall.
This sudden increase in the population of the developing countries has come at a difficult time. Even if their population had not grown so fast they would have been facing a desperate struggle to bring the standard of living of their people up to the point at which there was enough food, housing, education, medical care and employment for everyone to have a reasonable life. The poor countries are having to run faster and faster in their economic activity in order to stay in the same pace, and the gap in wealth between rich and poor countries grows wider every year.
Statistics show that rapid population growth creates problems for developing countries. So why don't people have fewer children? Statistics from the developed countries suggest that it is only when people's living standards begin to rise that birth rates begin to fall. There are good reasons for this. Poor countries cannot afford social services and old age. Having a large family can be a form of insurance. And even while they are still quite young, children can do a lot of useful jobs on a small farm. So poor people in a developing country will need to see to see clear signs of much better conditions ahead before they will think of having smaller families. But their conditions cannot be improved unless there is a reduction in the rate at which population is increasing. This will depend on a very much wider acceptance of family planning and this, in turn, will mean basic changes in attitudes.
1.Which continent has its fastest growth rate of populations?
A. Asia
B. Africa
C. Latin America
D. None of the above
2.Asia will add to itself the greatest number of population in the next decade because it has the____.
A. highest birth rate
B. lowest death rate
C. fastest growth rate
D. largest present population
3.In the sentence"...populations are being added to at both ends"(paragraph 2), the words "both ends refer to both____.
A. babies and old people
B. poor and rich people
C. developed and developing countries
D. birth rate and death rate
4.According to the statistics from the developed countries,_____.
A. the death rate in America began to fall only after the Industrial Revolution.
B. birth rates will not fall until people's living standards begin to rise.
C. the developing countries are running faster and faster in their economic activity in order to catch up with the developed countries.
D. only when the people's living conditions begin to rise will the world population stop growing.
5.It is not directly stated but is implied that_____.
A. children of poor families do a lot of useful jobs on their small farms.
B. rich people have smaller families.
C. rich countries are helping poor people improve their living conditions.
D. there is no way to solve the population problem.
4.
Questions 1 to 5are based on the following passage.
There are altogether in the United States some 2,300 universities, colleges, junior colleges, and other institutions of higher education. What this means is that most high-school graduates can find not too far from home a place to continue their education.
What are the main varieties of institutions of higher education? To begin with, some of them-perhaps as many as 200-have very special purposes and consequently deal only with special kinds of students. Examples are Bible colleges, art institutes, etc.
About 700 of the 2,300 are junior colleges offering a two-year program. These institutions enroll about a fifth of the students in college today, roughly 1,500,000 out of 7,000,000.
The largest number of institutions are liberal arts colleges, offering four-year programs leading to a bachelor's degree, but not offering any higher degrees. Almost all of these colleges are privately controlled. There are more than 700 institutions of this type. Because most of these colleges are small, however, they account for only about 10 percent of all enrollments.
Then there are about 400 institutions that are also primarily undergraduate but in addition offer work in some academic or professional fields leading to a master's degree of first professional degree. These include many liberal arts colleges that have expanded to include a fifth year in the field of teacher education, and also many state colleges or fields, but do not offer a doctor's degree.
Finally, there is a group of comprehensive universities that offer the highest levels of professional and academic degrees-doctor's degrees in sciences, social sciences, medicine, engineering, education, etc -as well as master's and bachelor's degrees. Almost without exception these are large complex institutions. Although there are only about 150 of them, nearly half of all the young people in higher education today are enrolled in them.
1.How many types of institutions of higher education in the United States are mentioned in this passage?
A. Three
B. Four
C. Five
D. Six
2.How many students are there in the United States who are enrolled in liberal arts college?
A. About 700,000
B. About 1,500,000
C.2,100,000
D.2,500,000
3.The average number of students enrolled in a comprehensive university is about_________.
A.1,000
B.2,100
C.3,000
D.23,000
4.Which type of the institutions enrolls the largest number of students?
A. Junior colleges offering a two-year program
B. Liberal arts colleges leading to a bachelor's degree
C. State colleges or universities that offer bachelor's and master's degrees
D. Comprehensive universities that offer the highest levels of professional and academic degrees.
5.We learn from the last two paragraphs that______.
A. there are about 400 undergraduate institutions that offer courses leading to a master's degree but do not offer a bachelor's degree