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5.译成主动句
Such data can be depended on. 这些数据可靠。
The children are taken care of bytheir mum. 妈妈照料孩子们。
6.常见被动句型
不加主语的：
It is hoped that … "希望…"
It is reported that … "据报道…"
It is said that … "据说…"
It is supposed that …"据猜测…"
It must be admitted … "必须承认…"
It must be pointed that…"必须指出…"
It is asserted that … "据声称…"
可加主语的：
原文中的主语在译文中变成了宾语，另外加上"人们"、"有人"、"大家"、"他们"、"众人"等等泛指词做主语。
It is believed that …"人们认为…"
It is generally considered that…"人们普遍认为…"
It is well known that…" 众所周知… "
It was told that …"有人曾说。。。 "
It has been found that…" 人们已经发现。。。 "
Unit 12 练习
一、词汇英译汉：
1. symptom 2. intellectual 3.detail 4. initial
5. inventor 6. confront 7.sensitivity 8. reflection
9. creativity 10. character 11.trace 12. modest
词组：
13. investment14. to substitute … for 15. be contrary to 16.to put off
17. be confronted with 18. to gazeat
19. beunaware of 20. to impress…on
21. be free from 22. be beneficialto
二、句子英译汉：
1. At its best, daydreaming wasconsidered a compensatory substitute for the real things in life.(para.1)
2. There are always those whowould substitutefantasy lives for the rewards of real activity.(para.2)
3. Most people suffer from a lackof daydreaming rather than an excess of it . (para. 2)
4. Notonly are they less able to deal with the pressure of day-to-day existence, butalso their self -control and self-direction become endangered. (para.2)
5. But its beneficial effects gobeyond this . (para. 3)
Go beyond 表示"超越…， 不仅仅是…"
6. Historically, scientists and inventors are one group that seems to take fulladvantage of relaxed moments. (para.7)
Take advantage of 利用
7.Whenever confronted with a taskwhich seemed too hard to be dealt with , he wouldstretch out on his laboratory sofa and let fantasies flood his mind. (para.7)
8.Picture yourself as winning andthat will contributeremarkably to success.
9.The important thing to remember is topicture these desired objectives as if you had already attained them .
三、汉译英
1.最近的研究成果表明，白日做梦是日常生活的一部分。
Recent research shows / indicatesthat daydreaming is part of daily life .
2.白日做梦不仅有利于心态平衡，而且能提高人们的自控力。
Daydreaming is not only beneficialto the mental balance, but also to enhance one's ability of self-control.
Daydreaming can not only helpmaintain emotional balance , but also improve one'sself-control .
3.历史上许多科学家与发明家曾充分利用白日梦。
Historically, many scientists andinventors have taken full advantage of daydreaming.
Many scientists and inventors inhistory took full use of daydreaming.
4.有的作曲家在作曲时几乎像进入了很深的白日梦状态。
While composing, some composersseem to approach a state of deep daydreaming.
Some composers seemed to approacha state of deep daydreaming while they were composing.
5.在梦境中不要将自己描绘成失败者而应该是成功者。
Picture yourself as a winnerrather than loser in your daydream.
Picture yourself in your daydreamas winning rather than defeated.
历年考题：
1.According to Dr. Kramer, ______ people whoappear in your dreams, ______ you are on awakening. （99.10）
A. asmany … as happy
B. the more… the happier
C. the more… the happier
D. the most … the happiest
答案：C。考点：本题主要考查the + 比较级， the + 比较级，结构是"越… , 越…"
2.Hold a picture of yourself longand steadily enough _____ your mind's eye, and you will be drawn toward it . (99.10)
A.at B.in C.before D.in front of
答案：B。考点：本题主要考查词组in one's mind's eye 意思是"在脑海中，在心目中"。
3.In the past two decades, research______(expand) our knowledge about sleep and dreams. (00.4)
答案：has expanded 。本题主要考查现在完成时。"in the past twodecades"经常是表示现在完成时的时间状语。
4.It has been proved that their bestideas seem _____(occur) when they were relaxing. (01.4)
答案：to have occurred 。 考点：本题主要考查seem 后面要加动词不定式完成时作宾语。
5.汉译英：科学家正在研究为什么白日梦会有益于人们的健康。(01.4)
答案：Scientists are studying whydaydreaming is beneficial to people's health.
6.A life ____(live) without fantasyand daydreaming is a really poor life indeed. （02.4）
答案：lived 。考点：lived 是过去分词作定语修饰life 。 词组"live a …life "表示过着…样的生活。
Such data can be depended on. 这些数据可靠。
The children are taken care of bytheir mum. 妈妈照料孩子们。
6.常见被动句型
不加主语的：
It is hoped that … "希望…"
It is reported that … "据报道…"
It is said that … "据说…"
It is supposed that …"据猜测…"
It must be admitted … "必须承认…"
It must be pointed that…"必须指出…"
It is asserted that … "据声称…"
可加主语的：
原文中的主语在译文中变成了宾语，另外加上"人们"、"有人"、"大家"、"他们"、"众人"等等泛指词做主语。
It is believed that …"人们认为…"
It is generally considered that…"人们普遍认为…"
It is well known that…" 众所周知… "
It was told that …"有人曾说。。。 "
It has been found that…" 人们已经发现。。。 "
Unit 12 练习
一、词汇英译汉：
1. symptom 2. intellectual 3.detail 4. initial
5. inventor 6. confront 7.sensitivity 8. reflection
9. creativity 10. character 11.trace 12. modest
词组：
13. investment14. to substitute … for 15. be contrary to 16.to put off
17. be confronted with 18. to gazeat
19. beunaware of 20. to impress…on
21. be free from 22. be beneficialto
二、句子英译汉：
1. At its best, daydreaming wasconsidered a compensatory substitute for the real things in life.(para.1)
2. There are always those whowould substitutefantasy lives for the rewards of real activity.(para.2)
3. Most people suffer from a lackof daydreaming rather than an excess of it . (para. 2)
4. Notonly are they less able to deal with the pressure of day-to-day existence, butalso their self -control and self-direction become endangered. (para.2)
5. But its beneficial effects gobeyond this . (para. 3)
Go beyond 表示"超越…， 不仅仅是…"
6. Historically, scientists and inventors are one group that seems to take fulladvantage of relaxed moments. (para.7)
Take advantage of 利用
7.Whenever confronted with a taskwhich seemed too hard to be dealt with , he wouldstretch out on his laboratory sofa and let fantasies flood his mind. (para.7)
8.Picture yourself as winning andthat will contributeremarkably to success.
9.The important thing to remember is topicture these desired objectives as if you had already attained them .
三、汉译英
1.最近的研究成果表明，白日做梦是日常生活的一部分。
Recent research shows / indicatesthat daydreaming is part of daily life .
2.白日做梦不仅有利于心态平衡，而且能提高人们的自控力。
Daydreaming is not only beneficialto the mental balance, but also to enhance one's ability of self-control.
Daydreaming can not only helpmaintain emotional balance , but also improve one'sself-control .
3.历史上许多科学家与发明家曾充分利用白日梦。
Historically, many scientists andinventors have taken full advantage of daydreaming.
Many scientists and inventors inhistory took full use of daydreaming.
4.有的作曲家在作曲时几乎像进入了很深的白日梦状态。
While composing, some composersseem to approach a state of deep daydreaming.
Some composers seemed to approacha state of deep daydreaming while they were composing.
5.在梦境中不要将自己描绘成失败者而应该是成功者。
Picture yourself as a winnerrather than loser in your daydream.
Picture yourself in your daydreamas winning rather than defeated.
历年考题：
1.According to Dr. Kramer, ______ people whoappear in your dreams, ______ you are on awakening. （99.10）
A. asmany … as happy
B. the more… the happier
C. the more… the happier
D. the most … the happiest
答案：C。考点：本题主要考查the + 比较级， the + 比较级，结构是"越… , 越…"
2.Hold a picture of yourself longand steadily enough _____ your mind's eye, and you will be drawn toward it . (99.10)
A.at B.in C.before D.in front of
答案：B。考点：本题主要考查词组in one's mind's eye 意思是"在脑海中，在心目中"。
3.In the past two decades, research______(expand) our knowledge about sleep and dreams. (00.4)
答案：has expanded 。本题主要考查现在完成时。"in the past twodecades"经常是表示现在完成时的时间状语。
4.It has been proved that their bestideas seem _____(occur) when they were relaxing. (01.4)
答案：to have occurred 。 考点：本题主要考查seem 后面要加动词不定式完成时作宾语。
5.汉译英：科学家正在研究为什么白日梦会有益于人们的健康。(01.4)
答案：Scientists are studying whydaydreaming is beneficial to people's health.
6.A life ____(live) without fantasyand daydreaming is a really poor life indeed. （02.4）
答案：lived 。考点：lived 是过去分词作定语修饰life 。 词组"live a …life "表示过着…样的生活。
- miserable [´mizərəbəl]
a.悲惨的；可怜的 (初中英语单词) - administration [əd,minis´treiʃən] n.管理(事务等)；经营 (初中英语单词)
- differ [´difə] vi.不同；有差别 (初中英语单词)
- unhappy [ʌn´hæpi] a.不幸的；不快乐的 (初中英语单词)
- computer [kəm´pju:tə] n.计算机；电子计算器 (初中英语单词)
- character [´kæriktə] n.特性；性质；人物；字 (初中英语单词)
- research [ri´sə:tʃ] n.&vi.调查；探究；研究 (初中英语单词)
- strongly [´strɔŋli] ad.强烈地；强有力地 (初中英语单词)
- performance [pə´fɔ:məns] n.履行；行为；工作 (初中英语单词)
- function [´fʌŋkʃən] n.机能；职责 vi.活动 (初中英语单词)
- previous [´pri:viəs] a.先，前，以前的 (初中英语单词)
- definitely [´definitli] ad.明确地；绝对 (初中英语单词)
- wisdom [´wizdəm] n.智慧，聪明，才智 (初中英语单词)
- relate [ri´leit] v.阐明；使联系；涉及 (初中英语单词)
- normal [´nɔ:məl] a.正规的 n.正常状态 (初中英语单词)
- sleeping [´sli:piŋ] n.&a.睡着(的) (初中英语单词)
- moreover [mɔ:´rəuvə] ad.再者，此外，而且 (初中英语单词)
- factor [´fæktə] n.因素；原动力；要素 (初中英语单词)
- stolen [´stəulən] steal 的过去分词 (初中英语单词)
- substitute [´sʌbstitju:t] n.代理人 v.代替，取代 (初中英语单词)
- supposed [sə´pəuzd] a.想象的；假定的 (初中英语单词)
- pointed [´pɔintid] a.尖(锐)的；中肯的 (初中英语单词)
- contrary [´kɔntrəri] a.相反的 n.相反 (初中英语单词)
- excess [´ekses] n.超过 a.过分的 (初中英语单词)
- pressure [´preʃə] n.压榨 vt.对…施压力 (初中英语单词)
- existence [ig´zistəns] n.存在；生存；生活 (初中英语单词)
- advantage [əd´vɑ:ntidʒ] n.优势；利益 (初中英语单词)
- contribute [kən´tribju:t] v.贡献出；投稿；捐献 (初中英语单词)
- mental [´mentl] a.精神的；心理的 (初中英语单词)
- ability [ə´biliti] n.(办事)能力；才干 (初中英语单词)
- emotional [i´məuʃənəl] a.易动感情的；情感的 (初中英语单词)
- steadily [´stedili] ad.坚定地；不断地 (初中英语单词)
- veteran [´vetərən] n.老兵 a.老练的 (高中英语单词)
- sleepy [´sli:pi] a.困的，想睡的 (高中英语单词)
- namely [´neimli] ad.即，也就是 (高中英语单词)
- volunteer [,vɔlən´tiə] n.志愿者 v.自愿做 (高中英语单词)
- psychology [sai´kɔlədʒi] n.心理(学) (高中英语单词)
- location [ləu´keiʃən] n.定位；位置；地方 (高中英语单词)
- reinforce [,ri:in´fɔ:s] vt.增援 n.加固物 (高中英语单词)
- temperament [´tempərəmənt] n.气质；性格 (高中英语单词)
- specific [spi´sifik] a.具体的；特有的 (高中英语单词)
- cincinnati [,sisin´næti] n.辛辛那提 (高中英语单词)
- positive [´pɔzətiv] a.确定的 (高中英语单词)
- related [ri´leitid] a.叙述的；有联系的 (高中英语单词)
- relationship [ri´leiʃənʃip] n.关系；联系；亲属关系 (高中英语单词)
- studied [´stʌdid] a.故意的；有计划的 (高中英语单词)
- decided [di´saidid] a.明显的；决定的 (高中英语单词)
- component [kəm´pəunənt] a.组成的；成分 (高中英语单词)
- differently [´difrentli] ad.不同地，有差别地 (高中英语单词)
- initial [i´niʃəl] a.最初的 n.首字母 (高中英语单词)
- symptom [´simptəm] n.症状，症候 (高中英语单词)
- intellectual [,inti´lektʃuəl] n.知识分子 (高中英语单词)
- inventor [in´ventə] n.发明者 (高中英语单词)
- confront [kən´frʌnt] vt.(使)面对；正视 (高中英语单词)
- laboratory [lə´bɔrətəri] n.实验室；研究室(所) (高中英语单词)
- perchance [pə´tʃɑ:ns] ad.偶然；可能 (英语四级单词)
- respectively [ri´spektivli] ad.各自地；分别地 (英语四级单词)
- primarily [´praimərəli, prai´merəli] ad.首先；主要地 (英语四级单词)
- necklace [´neklis] n.项链 (英语四级单词)
- completion [kəm´pli:ʃən] n.完成；完整 (英语四级单词)
- aggressive [ə´gresiv] a.进攻的；侵略的 (英语四级单词)
- precise [pri´sais] a.精确的；清楚的 (英语四级单词)
- wallet [´wɑ:lit] n.(放钞票等的)皮夹子 (英语四级单词)
- beneficial [,beni´fiʃəl] a.有利的，有益的 (英语四级单词)
- winning [´winiŋ] n.&a.胜利(的) (英语四级单词)
- remarkably [ri´mɑ:kəbli] ad.非凡地；显著地 (英语四级单词)
- evolve [i´vɔlv] v.进化；发展；引出；推论 (英语六级单词)
- surprisingly [sə´praiziŋli] ad.惊人地；意外地 (英语六级单词)
- dreamer [´dri:mə] n.做梦的人；梦想者 (英语六级单词)
- identity [ai´dentiti] n.身份；同一性；一致 (英语六级单词)
- awakening [ə´weikəniŋ] n.&a.觉醒(中的) (英语六级单词)
- speculate [´spekjuleit] vi.思索；推测；投机 (英语六级单词)
- affected [ə´fektid] a.做作的；假装的 (英语六级单词)
- fantasy [´fæntəsi] n.幻想(曲)，想象 (英语六级单词)
- enhance [in´hɑ:ns] vt.提高，增加；增进 (英语六级单词)
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