第二十一条 失踪人的财产由他的配偶、父母、成年子女或者关系密切的其他亲属、朋友代管。

Article 21 A missing person's property shall be placed in the custody of his spouse, parents, adult children or other closely connected relatives or friends.

代管有争议的，没有以上规定的人或者以上规定的人无能力代管的，由人民法院指定的人代管。

In case of a dispute over custody, if the persons stipulated above are unavailable or are incapable of taking such custody, the property shall be placed in the custody of a person appointed by the people's court.

失踪人所欠税款、债务和应付的其他费用，由代管人从失踪人的财产中支付。

Any taxes, debts and other unpaid expenses owed by a missing person shall defrayed by the custodian out of the missing person's property.

第二十二条 被宣告失踪的人重新出现或者确知他的下落，经本人或者利害关系人申请，人民法院应当撤销对他的失踪宣告。

Article 22 In the event that a person who has been declared missing reappears or his whereabouts are ascertained, the people's court shall, upon his own application or that of an interested person, revoke the declaration of his missing-person status.

第二十三条 公民有下列情形之一的，利害关系人可以向人民法院申请宣告他死亡：

Article 23 Under either of the following circumstances, an interested person may apply to the people's court for a declaration of a citizen's death:

（一）下落不明满四年的；

(1) if the citizen's whereabouts have been unknown for four years or

（二）因意外事故下落不明，从事故发生之日起满二年的。

(2) if the citizen's whereabouts have been unknown for two years after the date of an accident in which he was involved.

战争期间下落不明的，下落不明的时间从战争结束之日起计算。

If a person's whereabouts become unknown during a war, the calculation of the time period in which his whereabouts are unknown shall begin on the final day of the war.

第二十四条 被宣告死亡的人重新出现或者确知他没有死亡，经本人或者利害关系人申请，人民法院应当撤销对他的死亡宣告。

Article 24 In the event that a person who has been declared dead reappears or it is ascertained that he is alive, the people's court shall, upon his own application or that of an interested person, revoke the declaration of his death.

有民事行为能力人在被宣告死亡期间实施的民事法律行为有效。

Any civil juristic acts performed by a person with capacity for civil conduct during the period in which he has been declared dead shall be valid.

第二十五条 被撤销死亡宣告的人有权请求返还财产。依照继承法取得他的财产的公民或者组织，应当返还原物；原物不存在的，给予适当补偿。

Article 25 A person shall have the right to request the return of his property, if the declaration of his death has been revoked. Any citizen or organization that has obtained such property in accordance with the Law of Succession shall return the original items or make appropriatecompensation if the original items no longer exist.

第二章 公民（自然人） 第四节 个体工商户、农村承包经营户

Section 4 Individual Businesses and Leaseholding Farm Households

第二十六条 公民在法律允许的范围内，依法经核准登记，从事工商业经营的，为个体工商户。个体工商户可以起字号。

Article 26 "Individual businesses" refers to business run by individual citizens who have been lawfully registered and approved to engage in industrial or commercial operation within the sphere permitted by law. An individual business may adopt a shop name.

第二十七条 农村集体经济组织的成员，在法律允许的范围内，按照承包合同规定从事商品经营的，为农村承包经营户。

Article 27 "Leaseholding farm households" refers to members of a rural collective economic organization who engage in commodity production under a contract and within the spheres permitted by law.

第二十八条 个体工商户、农村承包经营户的合法权益，受法律保护。

Article 28 The legitimate rights and interests of individual businesses and leaseholding farm households shall be protected by law.

第二十九条 个体工商户、农村承包经营户的债务，个人经营的，以个人财产承担；家庭经营的，以家庭财产承担。

Article 29 The debts of an individual business or a leaseholding farm household shall be secured with the individual's property if the business is operated by an individual and with the family's property if the business is operated by a family.

第二章 公民（自然人） 第五节 个人合伙

Section 5 Individual Partnership

第三十条 个人合伙是指两个以上公民按照协议，各自提供资金、实物、技术等，合伙经营、共同劳动。

Article 30 "Individual partnership" refers to two or more citizens associated in a business and working together, with each providing funds, material objects, techniques and so on according to an agreement.

第三十一条 合伙人应当对出资数额、盈余分配、债务承担、入伙、退伙、合伙终止等事项，订立书面协议。

Article 31 Partners shall make a written agreement covering the funds each is to provide, the distribution of profits, the responsibility for debts, the entering into and withdrawal from partnership, the ending of partnership and other such matters.

第三十二条 合伙人投入的财产，由合伙人统一管理和使用。

Article 32 The property provided by the partners shall be under their unified management and use.

合伙经营积累的财产，归合伙人共有。

The property accumulated in a partnership operation shall belong to all the partners.

第三十三条 个人合伙可以起字号，依法经核准登记，在核准登记的经营范围内从事经营。

Article 33 An individual partnership may adopt a shop name; it shall be approved and registered in accordance with the law and conduct business operations within the range as approved and registered.

第三十四条 个人合伙的经营活动，由合伙人共同决定，合伙人有执行和监督的权利。

Article 34 The operational activities of an individual partnership shall be decided jointly by the partners, who each shall have the right to carry out and supervise those activities. The partners may elect a responsible person.

合伙人可以推举负责人。合伙负责人和其他人员的经营活动，由全体合伙人承担民事责任。

All partners shall bear civil liability for the operational activities of the responsible person and other personnel.

第三十五条 合伙的债务，由合伙人按照出资比例或者协议的约定，以各自的财产承担清偿责任。

Article 35 A partnership's debts shall be secured with the partners' property in proportion to their respective contributions to the investment or according to the agreement made.

合伙人对合伙的债务承担连带责任，法律另有规定的除外。

Partners shall undertake joint liability for their partnership's debts, except as otherwise stipulated by law.

偿还合伙债务超过自己应当承担数额的合伙人，有权向其他合伙人追偿。

Any partner who overpays his share of the partnership's debts shall have the right to claim compensation from the other partners.

第三章 法 人 第一节 一般规定

Chapter III Legal Persons Section 1 General Stipulations

第三十六条 法人是具有民事权利能力和民事行为能力，依法独立享有民事权利和承担民事义务的组织。

Article 36 A legal person shall be an organization that has capacity for civil rights and capacity for civil conduct and independently enjoys civil rights and assumes civil obligations in accordance with the law.

法人的民事权利能力和民事行为能力，从法人成立时产生，到法人终止时消灭。

A legal person's capacity for civil rights and capacity for civil conduct shall begin when the legal person is established and shall end when the legal person terminates.

第三十七条 法人应当具备下列条件：

Article 37 A legal person shall have the following qualifications:

（一）依法成立；

(1) establishment in accordance with the law;

（二）有必要的财产或者经费；

(2) possession of the necessary property or funds;

（三）有自己的名称、组织机构和场所；

(3) possession of its own name, organization and premises;

（四）能够独立承担民事责任。

and (4) ability to independently bear civil liability.

第三十八条 依照法律或者法人组织章程规定，代表法人行使职权的负责人，是法人的法定代表人。

Article 38 In accordance with the law or the articles of association of the legal person, the responsible person who acts on behalf of the legal person in exercising its functions and powers shall be its legal representative.

第三十九条 法人以它的主要办事机构所在地为住所。

Article 39 A legal person's domicile shall be the place where its main administrative office is located.

第四十条 法人终止，应当依法进行清算，停止清算范围外的活动。

Article 40 When a legal person terminates, it shall go into liquidation in accordance with the law and discontinue all other activities.

第三章 法 人 第二节 企业法人

Section 2 Enterprise as Legal Person