章节正文
文章总共2页
3. In Beethoven's case there is no doubt about it, for we have the notebooks in which he put the themes down.
in Beethoven's case 亦作 in the case of Beethoven，意思是"就贝多芬而言"；in which 引导定语从句，修饰 the notebooks；put … down 意思是"记录、写下"。
4. We can see from his notebooks how he worked over his themes--how he would not let them be until they were as perfect as he could make them.
该句谓语动词 can see 的宾语从句是 how he worked over his themes，破折号后面的 how 从句是对前面的 how
7
Unit 5(第 11----12 讲)
从句的进一步解释；第一个 how 从句中词组 work over 意思是"检查、研究、重做、修改"；第二个 how 从句中词 组 let … be 意思是"由…去、 不打扰…"； … until …意为"直到…时候才…"； not 句子 he would not let them be until they were as perfect as he could make them 可译为：他不把音乐主题尽其可能写得完美就不肯罢休。
5. Beethoven was not a spontaneously inspired composer in the Schubert sense at all.
该句含有两个搭配：not … at all（根本不） the …sense（在…意义上） 、in 。
6. He was the type that begin with a theme; makes it a preliminary idea; and upon that composes a musical work, day after day, in painstaking fashion.
定语从句中有三个并列的谓语：begins with …, makes …, composes …；upon that 中的 that 指上文的 a preliminary idea，意思是：根据初步的构思；day after day 意思是"日复一日"。
7. Most composers since Beethoven's day belong to this second type.
Beethoven's day 意思是"贝多芬时代"；belong to 意思是"属于"。
P.118
第二段：
1. The third type of composer I can only call, for lack of a better name, the traditionalist type.
该句宾语前置，自然顺序应为：I can only call the third type of composer, for lack of a better name, the traditionalist type. 句中 the traditionalist type 是宾语补足语。
2. Men like Palestrina and Bach belong in this category.
belong in 表示"应归于（…类别、范畴）"。
3. They both are characteristic of the kind of composer who is born in a particular period of musical history, when a certain musical style is about to reach its fullest development.
be characteristic of 表示"是…所特有的特征、具有…的特征"；who 引导定语从句，从句中又有 when 引导非 限制性定语从句，修饰 a particular period of musical history。
8
Unit 5(第 11----12 讲)
4. It is a question at such a time of creating music in a well-known and accepted style and doing it in a way that is better than anyone has done it before you.
at such a time 是该句的时间状语， creating music … style 和 doing it … before you 是并列关系， 都是 of 的宾 语。 第三段：
1. The traditionalist type of composer begins with a pattern rather than with a theme.
begin with 意思是"以…而开始"；rather than 意为"而不是"。
2. The creative act with Palestrina is not the thematic conception so much as the personal treatment of a well-established pattern.
not … so much as …意思是"与其说…还不如说…"。
3. And even Bach, who composed forty-eight of the most various and inspired themes in his Well Tempered Clavichord, knew in advance the general formal mold that they were to fill.
who 引导的是非限制性定语从句，修饰 Bach；in advance 意思是"事先"。
4. It goes without saying that we are not living in a traditionalist period nowadays.
it goes without saying that 意思是"不言而喻"。 第四段：
1. One might add, for the sake of completeness, a fourth type of composer--the pioneer type: men like Gesualdo in the seventeenth century, Moussorgsky and Berlioz in the nineteenth, Debussy and Edgar Varese in the twentieth.
for the sake of 表示"为了…的缘故、为了…起见、看在…的面子上"。
2. It is difficult to summarize the composing methods of so diversified a group.
it 是形式主语，真正主语是 to summarize the …；so diversified a group（如此复杂的一个群体）的结构是"so
9
Unit 5(第 11----12 讲)
+ adj. + a(n) + n."，可用于该结构的副词除了 so 以外，还有：as, too, how。例如：
3. One can safely say that their approach to composition is the opposite of the traditionalist type.
approach 表示"方法"，后面常与 to 搭配。
4. They clearly oppose conventional solutions of musical problems.
oppose 意思是"反对"，有时用 be opposed to。
5. In many ways, their attitude is experimental--they seek to add new harmonies, new sonorities, new formal principles.
their attitude is experimental 译为：他们的观点是探索性的；seek to do 意思是"寻求、力图"。
6. The pioneer type was the characteristic one at the turn of the seventeenth century and also at the beginning of the twentieth century, but it is much less evident today.
at the turn of 意思是"在…初 / 末"。
10
in Beethoven's case 亦作 in the case of Beethoven，意思是"就贝多芬而言"；in which 引导定语从句，修饰 the notebooks；put … down 意思是"记录、写下"。
4. We can see from his notebooks how he worked over his themes--how he would not let them be until they were as perfect as he could make them.
该句谓语动词 can see 的宾语从句是 how he worked over his themes，破折号后面的 how 从句是对前面的 how
7
Unit 5(第 11----12 讲)
从句的进一步解释；第一个 how 从句中词组 work over 意思是"检查、研究、重做、修改"；第二个 how 从句中词 组 let … be 意思是"由…去、 不打扰…"； … until …意为"直到…时候才…"； not 句子 he would not let them be until they were as perfect as he could make them 可译为：他不把音乐主题尽其可能写得完美就不肯罢休。
5. Beethoven was not a spontaneously inspired composer in the Schubert sense at all.
该句含有两个搭配：not … at all（根本不） the …sense（在…意义上） 、in 。
6. He was the type that begin with a theme; makes it a preliminary idea; and upon that composes a musical work, day after day, in painstaking fashion.
定语从句中有三个并列的谓语：begins with …, makes …, composes …；upon that 中的 that 指上文的 a preliminary idea，意思是：根据初步的构思；day after day 意思是"日复一日"。
7. Most composers since Beethoven's day belong to this second type.
Beethoven's day 意思是"贝多芬时代"；belong to 意思是"属于"。
P.118
第二段：
1. The third type of composer I can only call, for lack of a better name, the traditionalist type.
该句宾语前置，自然顺序应为：I can only call the third type of composer, for lack of a better name, the traditionalist type. 句中 the traditionalist type 是宾语补足语。
2. Men like Palestrina and Bach belong in this category.
belong in 表示"应归于（…类别、范畴）"。
3. They both are characteristic of the kind of composer who is born in a particular period of musical history, when a certain musical style is about to reach its fullest development.
be characteristic of 表示"是…所特有的特征、具有…的特征"；who 引导定语从句，从句中又有 when 引导非 限制性定语从句，修饰 a particular period of musical history。
8
Unit 5(第 11----12 讲)
4. It is a question at such a time of creating music in a well-known and accepted style and doing it in a way that is better than anyone has done it before you.
at such a time 是该句的时间状语， creating music … style 和 doing it … before you 是并列关系， 都是 of 的宾 语。 第三段：
1. The traditionalist type of composer begins with a pattern rather than with a theme.
begin with 意思是"以…而开始"；rather than 意为"而不是"。
2. The creative act with Palestrina is not the thematic conception so much as the personal treatment of a well-established pattern.
not … so much as …意思是"与其说…还不如说…"。
3. And even Bach, who composed forty-eight of the most various and inspired themes in his Well Tempered Clavichord, knew in advance the general formal mold that they were to fill.
who 引导的是非限制性定语从句，修饰 Bach；in advance 意思是"事先"。
4. It goes without saying that we are not living in a traditionalist period nowadays.
it goes without saying that 意思是"不言而喻"。 第四段：
1. One might add, for the sake of completeness, a fourth type of composer--the pioneer type: men like Gesualdo in the seventeenth century, Moussorgsky and Berlioz in the nineteenth, Debussy and Edgar Varese in the twentieth.
for the sake of 表示"为了…的缘故、为了…起见、看在…的面子上"。
2. It is difficult to summarize the composing methods of so diversified a group.
it 是形式主语，真正主语是 to summarize the …；so diversified a group（如此复杂的一个群体）的结构是"so
9
Unit 5(第 11----12 讲)
+ adj. + a(n) + n."，可用于该结构的副词除了 so 以外，还有：as, too, how。例如：
3. One can safely say that their approach to composition is the opposite of the traditionalist type.
approach 表示"方法"，后面常与 to 搭配。
4. They clearly oppose conventional solutions of musical problems.
oppose 意思是"反对"，有时用 be opposed to。
5. In many ways, their attitude is experimental--they seek to add new harmonies, new sonorities, new formal principles.
their attitude is experimental 译为：他们的观点是探索性的；seek to do 意思是"寻求、力图"。
6. The pioneer type was the characteristic one at the turn of the seventeenth century and also at the beginning of the twentieth century, but it is much less evident today.
at the turn of 意思是"在…初 / 末"。
10
- existence [ig´zistəns]
n.存在；生存；生活 (初中英语单词) - distinct [di´stiŋkt] a.清楚的；独特的 (初中英语单词)
- youthful [´ju:θfəl] a.年轻的；青年的 (初中英语单词)
- energy [´enədʒi] n.活力，精力；能力 (初中英语单词)
- extremely [ik´stri:mli] ad.极端地；非常地 (初中英语单词)
- musical [´mju:zikəl] a.音乐的；悦耳的 (初中英语单词)
- freely [´fri:li] ad.自由地；慷慨地 (初中英语单词)
- readily [´redili] ad.乐意地；容易地 (初中英语单词)
- capable [´keipəbəl] a.有能力；能干的 (初中英语单词)
- instrument [´instrumənt] n.仪器；手段；乐器 (初中英语单词)
- altogether [,ɔ:ltə´geðə] ad.完全；总而言之 (初中英语单词)
- volume [´vɔlju:m, ´vɑljəm] n.卷；书籍；体积；容量 (初中英语单词)
- thereby [´ðeəbai] ad.因此，由此 (初中英语单词)
- audience [´ɔ:diəns] n.听众；观众；接见 (初中英语单词)
- passive [´pæsiv] a.被动的 n.被动性 (初中英语单词)
- beginning [bi´giniŋ] n.开始，开端；起源 (初中英语单词)
- imagination [i,mædʒi´neiʃən] n.想象(力) (初中英语单词)
- composer [kəm´pəuzə] n.作曲家；创作者 (初中英语单词)
- well-known [,wel´nəun] a.著名的，众所周知的 (初中英语单词)
- treatment [´tri:tmənt] n.待遇；对待；治疗 (初中英语单词)
- formal [´fɔ:məl] a.正式的；外表的 (初中英语单词)
- pioneer [,paiə´niə] n.拓荒者 v.开辟；倡导 (初中英语单词)
- safely [´seifli] ad.安全地；平安地 (初中英语单词)
- evident [´evidənt] a.明显的，明白的 (初中英语单词)
- originate [ə´ridʒineit] vt.发源；创造；引起 (高中英语单词)
- studio [´stju:diəu] n.画室；照相室 (高中英语单词)
- fantastic [fæn´tæstik] a.奇异的；荒谬的 (高中英语单词)
- environment [in´vaiərənmənt] n.郊区；周围；条件 (高中英语单词)
- fruitful [´fru:tfəl] a.成功的；丰富的 (高中英语单词)
- composition [,kɔmpə´ziʃən] n.写作；作曲；作品 (高中英语单词)
- invariably [in´veəriəbli] ad.不变地；永恒地 (高中英语单词)
- preliminary [pri´liminəri] a.初步的 n.预赛 (高中英语单词)
- characteristic [,kæriktə´ristik] a.特有的 n.特性 (高中英语单词)
- conception [kən´sepʃən] n.构思；概念；怀孕 (高中英语单词)
- saying [´seiŋ, ´sei-iŋ] n.言语；言论；格言 (高中英语单词)
- transformation [,trænsfə´meiʃən] n.转化；转变；改造 (英语四级单词)
- essentially [i´senʃəli] ad.本质上，基本上 (英语四级单词)
- listener [´lisənə] n.(收)听者，听众之一 (英语四级单词)
- lighting [´laitiŋ] n.照明，发光 (英语四级单词)
- constructive [kən´strʌktiv] a.建设性的；推断的 (英语四级单词)
- creative [kri:´eitiv] a.有创造力的；创作的 (英语四级单词)
- composed [kəm´pəuzd] a.镇静自若的 (英语四级单词)
- conventional [kən´venʃənəl] a.常规的；协定的 (英语四级单词)
- experimental [ik,speri´mentl] a.实验的 (英语四级单词)
- spontaneous [spɔn´teiniəs] a.自发的；自然的 (英语六级单词)
- diverse [dai´və:s] a.完全不同的 (英语六级单词)
- taking [´teikiŋ] a.迷人的 n.捕获物 (英语六级单词)
- guitar [gi´tɑ:] n.吉他，六弦琴 (英语六级单词)
- improvise [´imprəvaiz] vt.即席而作 (英语六级单词)
- summarize [´sʌməraiz] vt.概括，总结；摘要 (英语六级单词)
文章总共2页
文章标签:学英语 大学英语
章节正文
京公网安备 11011202003401号
