科目 英语

　　年级 高二

　　文件　high2 unit10.doc

　　标题 At the Tailor's Shop (在裁店缝)

　　章节 第十单元

　　关键词 高二英语第十单元

　　内容 　　　

　　一、教法建议

　　【抛砖引玉】

　　■ 大纲规定的单元日常核心交际用语指南

　　Advice And Suggestions (劝告和建议)

　　● Idiomatic Sentences 功能套语

　　1. There seems to be something wrong with it . I can't possibly wear it . 这好象有点毛病，我不能穿了。

　　2. I would like you to change this for a new one . 我很想让你把这个给我换个新的。

　　3. You sold me so old a bike that I can't use it . I insist that you give me my money back . 你买给了我如此破旧的自行车，我就不能用。我要求你退我款。

　　4. It's not our fault . I'm afraid I can't do that . Why can't you do something about it ? 这不是我的错，恐怕我作不了主，你能不能灵活点 ？

　　5. Could you give me some advice on English study ? 我想征求一下关于学习英语的建议。

　　6. I 'd like your advice about / on this plan .

　　7. What do you think I should do ?

　　8. You'd better not trouble him . 你最好不要麻烦他。

　　9. Let's help him with the luggage .

　　10. Why not ask him to go with us ?

　　11. How / What about seeing a film ? 去看电影怎么样 ？

　　12. I strongly advise you to keep your promise .

　　13. I'm afraid I can't follow your advice .

　　14. That's impossible , but thank you all the same . 这不可能，但还是要谢谢你的。

　　15. Why don't you put off the meeting till next week ? 你为何不把会议推迟到下周 ？

　　● Model Dialogues 交际示范

　　A

　　A：Hello . You look tired today . What happened ?

　　B：I went to bed too late . I was reading a novel and forgot the time .

　　A：Really ? You need a rest tonight .

　　B：Yes , I think so .

　　A：You'd better go to bed earlier if you can .

　　B：Yes , you're right .

　　B

　　A：I've lost my ruler . Have you seen it anywhere ?

　　B：Sorry , I haven't . You'd better try your desk .

　　A：Yes , I did , but I didn't find it .

　　B：Why don't you ask Jim ? He was using a ruler just now .

　　A：Thanks . I'll go and ask him .

　　■ 单元核心句型结构

　　1. It looks / seems as if ... 看起来好象 ......

　　It looks as if it is going to rain . 看起来天要下雨。

　　测试要点：as if = as though 后 接虚拟语气。如：

　　He talks as if he had been there many times . 他谈话的样子好象是他已经去过那里好多次了。

　　When a pencil is partly in a glass of water , it looks as if it were broken . 当一支铅笔部分放入一杯水中，它看起来就像是断了似的。

　　2. I insist (that) ...

　　测试要点：

　　我认为应该......（宾语从句用虚拟）；

　　I insist he ( should ) write a letter of thanks to the school . 我坚持认为他应该向学校写个感谢信。

　　我坚持说......（宾语从句不用虚拟）。

　　He insisted that he didn't steal the money . 他坚持说他没有偷那笔钱。

　　3. I should like / would like sb to do sth 很乐意让某人干......

　　I should like you go shopping this weekend . 我倒很想让你周末去买东西。

　　测试要点：

　　should like /love + to do 与简略回答。如：

　　－ Would you like to go swimming this Sunday ?

　　－ I'd like / love to .

　　（用 to 代替 go swimming ）

　　should like / love sb to 很想让某人去干 ......

　　We'd like our teacher to point out and correct our mistakes in our exercises . 我们很想让老师指出并改正我们作业中的错误。

　　should like / love + to be + done 喜欢被......

　　Little Jim would like to be taken to Beijing next Christmas .

　　4. Why don't you do ... ? = Why not do ... ? 为何不...... ？

　　Why don't you (= Why not ) have a look at the other blouses ? 为何不挑选一下别的衬衫 ？

　　■ 单元误点警示

　　单元词组 take place 透射出的隐型被动

　　在第 38 课中的词组 take place (发生)属"隐形被动"范畴 ，不用被动语态的形式。中学英语教材中还有一些不用"be/get + 过去分词"的结构，其具体表现形式如下：

　　◆ 有些词(组)常用主动形式表达被动意义 (break out ，take place ，belong to ，shut off ，turn off ，work out制定 ，add up to , run out 用完 ，give out耗尽 ，等) 如：

　　The lights on the wall turned off .

　　The incident took place in Dec.1936 .

　　◆ 动词不定式作定语，一方面与所修饰的名词或代词有动宾关系， 另一方面又与句子的主 语有逻辑上的主谓关系时，不定式常用主动式代表被表式。如：

　　Do you have any letters to post ? (对比：Manager wang , I'll go to the post office . Do you have any letters to be posted) ?

　　◆ 某些表示感觉、状态或特征的连系动词(look, sound, taste, smell, feel, become, appear, prove, turn out等)的主动形式常表被动意义。如：

　　－ Do you like the material ?

　　－ Yes , it ____ very soft . (NMET 94)

　　A. is feeling B. felt

　　C. feels D. is felt [ 答案：C ]

　　His theory proved correct .

　　Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth .

　　◆ 有些动词由"vt"变成的"vi"时， 常用主动形式与方式状语连用表被动意义，这类动词的主语常是物，该类常用动词有：sell , lock , fill , dry , run , open , cut , read, wear , write , translate , wash , shut , blow , digest , begin 等。如：

　　The door blew open . The book sells well .

　　This cloth wears long . The story won't translate well .

　　The food won't digest . The suitcase won't lock easily .

　　◆ 表"需要"的动词 (need , want , require , deserve , bear , demand) 后用动名词的主动形式，或不定式的被动式表被动；在 be worth 后只接动名词的主动形式表被动。如：

　　－ What do you think of the book ?

　　－ Oh , excellent. It's worth _____ a second time . (MET89)

　　A. to read B. to the read

　　C. reading D. being read [答案：C]

　　Your coat demands (requires , needs , wants) washing . (washing = to be washed)

　　He certainly deserves sending (= to be sent) to prison .

　　This telephone directory is well worth buying .

　　◆ 一些介词加上具有动作意义的名词，常可表被动意义。如：

　　Several new railways are under _____ (建议 ) in China . (NMET96) [ 答案：construction]

　　常考的此类介词短语有：on show＝on exhibition , on sale , on fire , out of sight , in sight , under discussion , in the charge of , in the possession of , without help , without permission , under arrest , under repair , under consideration , under development 等。

　　◆ 有些以-able ，-ible 结尾的形容词 ( visible 可见的， invisible 无形的，breakable 的， drinkable 可饮用的 readable 可读的， acceptable 可接受的，respectable可尊敬的，countable 可数的，sensible可觉察的，等) 如：

　　The water in this well is drinkable(=fit to drink) . (19) Many things are invisible to us .

　　◆ 由过去分词转化而来的形容词 (pleased , interested , satisfied , frightened , worried, dressed , surprised , wounded , broken) 仍含有被动意义。如：

　　The girls are always dressed well .

　　The boy cried , with a glass broken .

　　◆ 使役动词 have/get＋宾语＋过去分词 ，表示该分词的动作由别人来完成。如：

　　－Good morning. Can I help you ?

　　－I'd like to have this package ____ , Madame . (MET89)

　　A. be weighed B. to be weighed

　　C. to weigh D. weighed [答案：D]

　　I'll get my hair cut on Sunday .

　　◆ 有些名词以 -ee 结尾含被动意义 (以-er , -or 结尾却含主动意义) 。如：

　　trainee受训者(trainer训练员)，employe(e)雇员(employor雇主)，addressee收件人 (addresser, addressor发件人) ，rejectee被弃者 (rejecter抛弃者) 等。

　　◆ 当不定式在作表语(或宾补)的形容词(heavy , light , interesting , pleasant , simple, comfortable, dangerous , strong , big , small , sweet , smooth , nice , fit , important , impossible , necessary , good , easy, hard , difficult 等) 后面作状语， 且不定式与句中主语 (或宾语)在逻辑上有动宾关系时，常用主动形式表被动含义。如：

　　The chair looks rather hard , but in fact, it is very comfortable to _____ . (MET88)

　　A. sit B. sit on

　　C. be sat D. be sat on [答案：B]

　　They found the article hard to understand .

　　(注意：当不定式中的动词为不及物动词时需补上适当的介词。又如：This river is dangerous to swim in)

　　◆ 动词happen , last持续 ，let出租 ，blame责备 ，seek寻求 ， 等用主动形式表达被动意义。如：

　　It is I who am to blame .

　　This house is to let . 此房出租。

　　◆ 有些动词 (look , bake , burn , print...)的进行时态表被动意义。如：

　　Bread is baking .

　　The fish is cooking .

　　【指点迷津】

　　■ 单元重点新词透视

　　1. run ( ran , run ) 作不及物动词意思是"颜色退色"。褪

　　Will the colours run if the dress is washed ? 这衣服洗起来会不会掉颜色 ？

　　The red on his face ran . 他脸上的红润不见了。

　　Some colours run quickly in the sun . 有些颜色在阳光下很快就褪色了。

　　〖测试要点〗

　　run forward 向前跑去。run first 跑了第一。run a temperature 发烧。run a factory 办工厂。run into 跑进，偶然遇到。sth + run out = become used up (主语常是时间、食物、金钱) 用完了 。sb + run out of + sth 用完了。例如：

　　His money soon ran out . 他的钱很快就用完了。

　　He is always running out of money before payday . 他老是发工资的日子还没有到就把钱给花完了。

　　Last Sunday he ran into his old friend in the street . 上星期天他在街上遇到他的老朋友。

　　2. foolish 愚蠢的，傻的，卤莽的，可笑的，荒谬的

　　It's foolish of me to do so . 我这样做真蠢。

　　That's a foolish action . 那是各愚蠢的行为。

　　You look foolish in that dress .

　　It was foolish of her to act that way . = How foolish of her to act that way . 她那样做该有多笨啊 ！

　　〖测试要点〗

　　辨析 foolish （愚蠢）, stupid （笨）, silly（傻）

　　foolish 强调缺乏智力、智慧或者判断力，像愚人似的做出不合常理的事来。

　　I think it's foolish of her to let pass such a fine opportunity to go abroad . 我认为她放弃这样一个出国的好机会是十分愚蠢的。

　　stupid 常用于生气和责骂时，用于人的性格时指智力或反应迟钝。

　　What a stupid boy he is ! 他是个多么笨的孩子啊 ！

　　You are not stupid , just lazy ! 你不笨，就是懒 ！

　　He is stupid in learning maths . 他学数学很笨。

　　silly 指智力低能，所做所为太无见识，因而常招致讥笑，含"聪明一世，糊涂一时"。

　　I felt silly because I didn't know what to say . 我觉得很傻，因为我不知道说什么好。

　　Don't ask such silly questions ! 别再问这样傻的问题了。

　　3. insist vt.& vi. 坚持；坚决认为；坚决要求

　　He insisted that I was wrong . 他坚持认为我错了。

　　〖测试要点〗

　　(1) insist on + doing 坚持做

　　She insisted on going to Beijing herself . 她坚持自己去北京。

　　Mother insisted on our going to Dalian by train . 母亲坚持要我们乘火车去大连。

　　(2) insist 后不接不定式，接宾语从句。表示坚持认为应该作某事时用可以省略 should 的虚拟语气；表示坚持说明自己的看法时不用虚拟语气。

　　He insisted that he wasn't a thief .

　　He insisted that I (should) finish this job alone .

　　He insists that he has done right . 他坚信自己做对了。

　　(3) insist on 主要是"坚持"意见、看法、主张。stick to 常指"坚持"原则、计划、决定，含有继续干或者接着干之意。

　　He insisted on this point . 他坚持这一点。

　　He insisted on knowing the fact . 他坚决要知道事实的真相。

　　But Einstein stuck to his theory and went on with his research .

　　We must stick to our plan .

　　Lao Chen always sticks to his promise .

　　4. depend 依赖，依靠，信赖，相信

　　〖测试要点〗

　　(1) depend on / upon 依靠 ，信赖（不用被动语态，但在否定句中常用不定式的被动式）

　　He is a man to depend on .

　　He isn't a man to be depended on .

　　China doesn't depend on foreign countries .

　　Whether we will hold the sports meet depends on the weather .

　　You can depend on this newspaper .

　　You may depend on it that he will want to come .

　　Whether we can go for a picnic depends on our money .

　　(2) depend on sb for sth ; depend on sb to do sth

　　He depends on his neighbour for help .

　　All living things depend on the sun for their growth . 万物生长靠太阳。

　　(3) depend on / upon it 毫无疑问，没错

　　Depend on it , we will win this match .

　　(4) It （all） depends (on) + 从句"要看......而定"

　　It depends on whether you want to do it or not .

　　It depends what you think of it .

　　5. choice 选择，抉择

　　When you make friends , make a careful choice .

　　〖测试要点〗

　　have no choice but / except to do 只有干......

　　He had no choice but to sing a song for us .

　　■ 单元重点词组扫瞄

　　Lesson 37

　　1. There seems to be something wrong with ... 好象......有毛病

　　There seems to be something wrong with my radio .

　　2. or else 要不然，否则

　　Hurry up , or else you'll be late for this important meeting .

　　He must be drunk , or else he is mad .

　　3. follow the instructions 按照说明进行

　　It looks as if it hasn't been washed following the instructions . 好象没有按照衣服的说明要求去洗。

　　4. the fault of ......的过错

　　That is not the fault of our company .

　　5. give back 退还，归还

　　You must give back the book to him by tomorrow .

　　I hope you will give my money back next week .

　　Will you please give the ruler back to Tom ? = Will you please give Tom back the ruler ?

　　6. do something about 对......采取措施

　　Why don't you do something about the rubbish in front of your school ?

　　7. change A for B 用A交换B；换乘......车

　　I'd like to change this dress for one in a larger size .

　　You have to take No. 101 at first and then change for the bus No. 101 .

　　8. in the sun 在阳光下

　　They stood in the winter sun , talking .

　　It's bad for you to read in the sun .

　　Lesson 38

　　1. take place 发生，出现，举行

　　This dialogue takes place at a tailor's shop .

　　When and where did the accident take place ?

　　It took place on a rainy morning last week .

　　Great changes have taken place here since 1978 .

　　The dance will take place after school .

　　2. find sth rather expensive 发现......相当贵

　　3. try on 试穿

　　－Can I try on this pair of shoes ?

　　－ Sure , try it on , please .

　　4.have sth on / about / with + sb 身上带有某物

　　I don't have any small notes on me . 我随身没有带小钞票。

　　You had better have a pen on you .

　　Do you have any small change about you ? 你带有零钱吗 ？

　　Have you any notebook about you ?

　　Carry your driving licence with you .

　　〖测试要点〗

　　have on 穿着（不用进行时态）

　　Today she has on a white blouse . = Today she wears a white blouse . = Today she is wearing a white blouse .

　　5. judge by / from 根据......来判断；从......来判断

　　We should judge a man by his deeds .

　　You shouldn't judge strangers always by the clothes he wears .

　　〖测试要点〗

　　judging by / from 依......来判断 （作评注状语）

　　Judging by his words , he got angry .

　　6. pay for 支付费用；负担款项；付出代价

　　How much did you pay for the dictionary ?

　　Have those books been paid for ?

　　You will have to pay for your mistakes . 你总得为你的错误付出代价的。

　　7. put sb to the trouble of doing sth = trouble sb to do sth 麻烦某人干，为难某人干

　　I'm sorry to put you to the trouble of helping me .

　　He didn't want to put me to the trouble of meeting him at the airport .

　　8. apologize to sb for sth = make an apology to sb for sth 因......向某人道歉

　　He made apologies to us for breaking the mirror .

　　9. just a moment / minute 等一会儿

　　10. worry about 担心，担忧，着急，发愁

　　Don't worry about it . It's nothing .

　　Worrying about your health will make you ill .

　　〖测试要点〗

　　be worried about 为......担心，为......着急

　　Don't be worried about me , Mary .

　　She's always worried about her health .

　　11. be after 寻找，追求

　　The police are after the missing boy in the woods .

　　12. get / take off 脱下

　　You can get off your coat now .

　　Get off your wet clothes .