科目 英语
年级 高二
文件 high2 unit10.doc
标题 At the Tailor's Shop (在裁店缝)
章节 第十单元
关键词 高二英语第十单元
内容
一、教法建议
【抛砖引玉】
■ 大纲规定的单元日常核心交际用语指南
Advice And Suggestions (劝告和建议)
● Idiomatic Sentences 功能套语
1. There seems to be something wrong with it . I can't possibly wear it . 这好象有点毛病,我不能穿了。
2. I would like you to change this for a new one . 我很想让你把这个给我换个新的。
3. You sold me so old a bike that I can't use it . I insist that you give me my money back . 你买给了我如此破旧的自行车,我就不能用。我要求你退我款。
4. It's not our fault . I'm afraid I can't do that . Why can't you do something about it ? 这不是我的错,恐怕我作不了主,你能不能灵活点 ?
5. Could you give me some advice on English study ? 我想征求一下关于学习英语的建议。
6. I 'd like your advice about / on this plan .
7. What do you think I should do ?
8. You'd better not trouble him . 你最好不要麻烦他。
9. Let's help him with the luggage .
10. Why not ask him to go with us ?
11. How / What about seeing a film ? 去看电影怎么样 ?
12. I strongly advise you to keep your promise .
13. I'm afraid I can't follow your advice .
14. That's impossible , but thank you all the same . 这不可能,但还是要谢谢你的。
15. Why don't you put off the meeting till next week ? 你为何不把会议推迟到下周 ?
● Model Dialogues 交际示范
A
A:Hello . You look tired today . What happened ?
B:I went to bed too late . I was reading a novel and forgot the time .
A:Really ? You need a rest tonight .
B:Yes , I think so .
A:You'd better go to bed earlier if you can .
B:Yes , you're right .
B
A:I've lost my ruler . Have you seen it anywhere ?
B:Sorry , I haven't . You'd better try your desk .
A:Yes , I did , but I didn't find it .
B:Why don't you ask Jim ? He was using a ruler just now .
A:Thanks . I'll go and ask him .
■ 单元核心句型结构
1. It looks / seems as if ... 看起来好象 ......
It looks as if it is going to rain . 看起来天要下雨。
测试要点:as if = as though 后 接虚拟语气。如:
He talks as if he had been there many times . 他谈话的样子好象是他已经去过那里好多次了。
When a pencil is partly in a glass of water , it looks as if it were broken . 当一支铅笔部分放入一杯水中,它看起来就像是断了似的。
2. I insist (that) ...
测试要点:
我认为应该......(宾语从句用虚拟);
I insist he ( should ) write a letter of thanks to the school . 我坚持认为他应该向学校写个感谢信。
我坚持说......(宾语从句不用虚拟)。
He insisted that he didn't steal the money . 他坚持说他没有偷那笔钱。
3. I should like / would like sb to do sth 很乐意让某人干......
I should like you go shopping this weekend . 我倒很想让你周末去买东西。
测试要点:
should like /love + to do 与简略回答。如:
- Would you like to go swimming this Sunday ?
- I'd like / love to .
(用 to 代替 go swimming )
should like / love sb to 很想让某人去干 ......
We'd like our teacher to point out and correct our mistakes in our exercises . 我们很想让老师指出并改正我们作业中的错误。
should like / love + to be + done 喜欢被......
Little Jim would like to be taken to Beijing next Christmas .
4. Why don't you do ... ? = Why not do ... ? 为何不...... ?
Why don't you (= Why not ) have a look at the other blouses ? 为何不挑选一下别的衬衫 ?
■ 单元误点警示
单元词组 take place 透射出的隐型被动
在第 38 课中的词组 take place (发生)属"隐形被动"范畴 ,不用被动语态的形式。中学英语教材中还有一些不用"be/get + 过去分词"的结构,其具体表现形式如下:
◆ 有些词(组)常用主动形式表达被动意义 (break out ,take place ,belong to ,shut off ,turn off ,work out制定 ,add up to , run out 用完 ,give out耗尽 ,等) 如:
The lights on the wall turned off .
The incident took place in Dec.1936 .
◆ 动词不定式作定语,一方面与所修饰的名词或代词有动宾关系, 另一方面又与句子的主 语有逻辑上的主谓关系时,不定式常用主动式代表被表式。如:
Do you have any letters to post ? (对比:Manager wang , I'll go to the post office . Do you have any letters to be posted) ?
◆ 某些表示感觉、状态或特征的连系动词(look, sound, taste, smell, feel, become, appear, prove, turn out等)的主动形式常表被动意义。如:
- Do you like the material ?
- Yes , it ____ very soft . (NMET 94)
A. is feeling B. felt
C. feels D. is felt [ 答案:C ]
His theory proved correct .
Good medicine tastes bitter to the mouth .
◆ 有些动词由"vt"变成的"vi"时, 常用主动形式与方式状语连用表被动意义,这类动词的主语常是物,该类常用动词有:sell , lock , fill , dry , run , open , cut , read, wear , write , translate , wash , shut , blow , digest , begin 等。如:
The door blew open . The book sells well .
This cloth wears long . The story won't translate well .
The food won't digest . The suitcase won't lock easily .
◆ 表"需要"的动词 (need , want , require , deserve , bear , demand) 后用动名词的主动形式,或不定式的被动式表被动;在 be worth 后只接动名词的主动形式表被动。如:
- What do you think of the book ?
- Oh , excellent. It's worth _____ a second time . (MET89)
A. to read B. to the read
C. reading D. being read [答案:C]
Your coat demands (requires , needs , wants) washing . (washing = to be washed)
He certainly deserves sending (= to be sent) to prison .
This telephone directory is well worth buying .
◆ 一些介词加上具有动作意义的名词,常可表被动意义。如:
Several new railways are under _____ (建议 ) in China . (NMET96) [ 答案:construction]
常考的此类介词短语有:on show=on exhibition , on sale , on fire , out of sight , in sight , under discussion , in the charge of , in the possession of , without help , without permission , under arrest , under repair , under consideration , under development 等。
◆ 有些以-able ,-ible 结尾的形容词 ( visible 可见的, invisible 无形的,breakable 的, drinkable 可饮用的 readable 可读的, acceptable 可接受的,respectable可尊敬的,countable 可数的,sensible可觉察的,等) 如:
The water in this well is drinkable(=fit to drink) . (19) Many things are invisible to us .
◆ 由过去分词转化而来的形容词 (pleased , interested , satisfied , frightened , worried, dressed , surprised , wounded , broken) 仍含有被动意义。如:
The girls are always dressed well .
The boy cried , with a glass broken .
◆ 使役动词 have/get+宾语+过去分词 ,表示该分词的动作由别人来完成。如:
-Good morning. Can I help you ?
-I'd like to have this package ____ , Madame . (MET89)
A. be weighed B. to be weighed
C. to weigh D. weighed [答案:D]
I'll get my hair cut on Sunday .
◆ 有些名词以 -ee 结尾含被动意义 (以-er , -or 结尾却含主动意义) 。如:
trainee受训者(trainer训练员),employe(e)雇员(employor雇主),addressee收件人 (addresser, addressor发件人) ,rejectee被弃者 (rejecter抛弃者) 等。
◆ 当不定式在作表语(或宾补)的形容词(heavy , light , interesting , pleasant , simple, comfortable, dangerous , strong , big , small , sweet , smooth , nice , fit , important , impossible , necessary , good , easy, hard , difficult 等) 后面作状语, 且不定式与句中主语 (或宾语)在逻辑上有动宾关系时,常用主动形式表被动含义。如:
The chair looks rather hard , but in fact, it is very comfortable to _____ . (MET88)
A. sit B. sit on
C. be sat D. be sat on [答案:B]
They found the article hard to understand .
(注意:当不定式中的动词为不及物动词时需补上适当的介词。又如:This river is dangerous to swim in)
◆ 动词happen , last持续 ,let出租 ,blame责备 ,seek寻求 , 等用主动形式表达被动意义。如:
It is I who am to blame .
This house is to let . 此房出租。
◆ 有些动词 (look , bake , burn , print...)的进行时态表被动意义。如:
Bread is baking .
The fish is cooking .
【指点迷津】
■ 单元重点新词透视
1. run ( ran , run ) 作不及物动词意思是"颜色退色"。褪
Will the colours run if the dress is washed ? 这衣服洗起来会不会掉颜色 ?
The red on his face ran . 他脸上的红润不见了。
Some colours run quickly in the sun . 有些颜色在阳光下很快就褪色了。
〖测试要点〗
run forward 向前跑去。run first 跑了第一。run a temperature 发烧。run a factory 办工厂。run into 跑进,偶然遇到。sth + run out = become used up (主语常是时间、食物、金钱) 用完了 。sb + run out of + sth 用完了。例如:
His money soon ran out . 他的钱很快就用完了。
He is always running out of money before payday . 他老是发工资的日子还没有到就把钱给花完了。
Last Sunday he ran into his old friend in the street . 上星期天他在街上遇到他的老朋友。
2. foolish 愚蠢的,傻的,卤莽的,可笑的,荒谬的
It's foolish of me to do so . 我这样做真蠢。
That's a foolish action . 那是各愚蠢的行为。
You look foolish in that dress .
It was foolish of her to act that way . = How foolish of her to act that way . 她那样做该有多笨啊 !
〖测试要点〗
辨析 foolish (愚蠢), stupid (笨), silly(傻)
foolish 强调缺乏智力、智慧或者判断力,像愚人似的做出不合常理的事来。
I think it's foolish of her to let pass such a fine opportunity to go abroad . 我认为她放弃这样一个出国的好机会是十分愚蠢的。
stupid 常用于生气和责骂时,用于人的性格时指智力或反应迟钝。
What a stupid boy he is ! 他是个多么笨的孩子啊 !
You are not stupid , just lazy ! 你不笨,就是懒 !
He is stupid in learning maths . 他学数学很笨。
silly 指智力低能,所做所为太无见识,因而常招致讥笑,含"聪明一世,糊涂一时"。
I felt silly because I didn't know what to say . 我觉得很傻,因为我不知道说什么好。
Don't ask such silly questions ! 别再问这样傻的问题了。
3. insist vt.& vi. 坚持;坚决认为;坚决要求
He insisted that I was wrong . 他坚持认为我错了。
〖测试要点〗
(1) insist on + doing 坚持做
She insisted on going to Beijing herself . 她坚持自己去北京。
Mother insisted on our going to Dalian by train . 母亲坚持要我们乘火车去大连。
(2) insist 后不接不定式,接宾语从句。表示坚持认为应该作某事时用可以省略 should 的虚拟语气;表示坚持说明自己的看法时不用虚拟语气。
He insisted that he wasn't a thief .
He insisted that I (should) finish this job alone .
He insists that he has done right . 他坚信自己做对了。
(3) insist on 主要是"坚持"意见、看法、主张。stick to 常指"坚持"原则、计划、决定,含有继续干或者接着干之意。
He insisted on this point . 他坚持这一点。
He insisted on knowing the fact . 他坚决要知道事实的真相。
But Einstein stuck to his theory and went on with his research .
We must stick to our plan .
Lao Chen always sticks to his promise .
4. depend 依赖,依靠,信赖,相信
〖测试要点〗
(1) depend on / upon 依靠 ,信赖(不用被动语态,但在否定句中常用不定式的被动式)
He is a man to depend on .
He isn't a man to be depended on .
China doesn't depend on foreign countries .
Whether we will hold the sports meet depends on the weather .
You can depend on this newspaper .
You may depend on it that he will want to come .
Whether we can go for a picnic depends on our money .
(2) depend on sb for sth ; depend on sb to do sth
He depends on his neighbour for help .
All living things depend on the sun for their growth . 万物生长靠太阳。
(3) depend on / upon it 毫无疑问,没错
Depend on it , we will win this match .
(4) It (all) depends (on) + 从句"要看......而定"
It depends on whether you want to do it or not .
It depends what you think of it .
5. choice 选择,抉择
When you make friends , make a careful choice .
〖测试要点〗
have no choice but / except to do 只有干......
He had no choice but to sing a song for us .
■ 单元重点词组扫瞄
Lesson 37
1. There seems to be something wrong with ... 好象......有毛病
There seems to be something wrong with my radio .
2. or else 要不然,否则
Hurry up , or else you'll be late for this important meeting .
He must be drunk , or else he is mad .
3. follow the instructions 按照说明进行
It looks as if it hasn't been washed following the instructions . 好象没有按照衣服的说明要求去洗。
4. the fault of ......的过错
That is not the fault of our company .
5. give back 退还,归还
You must give back the book to him by tomorrow .
I hope you will give my money back next week .
Will you please give the ruler back to Tom ? = Will you please give Tom back the ruler ?
6. do something about 对......采取措施
Why don't you do something about the rubbish in front of your school ?
7. change A for B 用A交换B;换乘......车
I'd like to change this dress for one in a larger size .
You have to take No. 101 at first and then change for the bus No. 101 .
8. in the sun 在阳光下
They stood in the winter sun , talking .
It's bad for you to read in the sun .
Lesson 38
1. take place 发生,出现,举行
This dialogue takes place at a tailor's shop .
When and where did the accident take place ?
It took place on a rainy morning last week .
Great changes have taken place here since 1978 .
The dance will take place after school .
2. find sth rather expensive 发现......相当贵
3. try on 试穿
-Can I try on this pair of shoes ?
- Sure , try it on , please .
4.have sth on / about / with + sb 身上带有某物
I don't have any small notes on me . 我随身没有带小钞票。
You had better have a pen on you .
Do you have any small change about you ? 你带有零钱吗 ?
Have you any notebook about you ?
Carry your driving licence with you .
〖测试要点〗
have on 穿着(不用进行时态)
Today she has on a white blouse . = Today she wears a white blouse . = Today she is wearing a white blouse .
5. judge by / from 根据......来判断;从......来判断
We should judge a man by his deeds .
You shouldn't judge strangers always by the clothes he wears .
〖测试要点〗
judging by / from 依......来判断 (作评注状语)
Judging by his words , he got angry .
6. pay for 支付费用;负担款项;付出代价
How much did you pay for the dictionary ?
Have those books been paid for ?
You will have to pay for your mistakes . 你总得为你的错误付出代价的。
7. put sb to the trouble of doing sth = trouble sb to do sth 麻烦某人干,为难某人干
I'm sorry to put you to the trouble of helping me .
He didn't want to put me to the trouble of meeting him at the airport .
8. apologize to sb for sth = make an apology to sb for sth 因......向某人道歉
He made apologies to us for breaking the mirror .
9. just a moment / minute 等一会儿
10. worry about 担心,担忧,着急,发愁
Don't worry about it . It's nothing .
Worrying about your health will make you ill .
〖测试要点〗
be worried about 为......担心,为......着急
Don't be worried about me , Mary .
She's always worried about her health .
11. be after 寻找,追求
The police are after the missing boy in the woods .
12. get / take off 脱下
You can get off your coat now .
Get off your wet clothes .