《中庸》中英文版
第二十四章 诚意--不能只做到自我完善
"诚者,自成也;而道,自道也。诚者,物之终始,不诚无物。是故君子诚之为贵。诚者,非自成己而已也,所以成物也。成己,仁也;成物,知也。性之德也,合外内之道也,故时措之宜也。
Sincerity is that
whereby self-completion is effected, and its way is that by which man must direct himself.
Sincerity is the end and beginning of things; without
sincerity there would be nothing. On this account, the superior man regards the
attainment of
sincerity as the most excellent thing.
The possessor of
sincerity does not merely accomplish the self-completion of himself. With this quality he completes other men and things also. The completing himself shows his perfect virtue. The completing other men and things shows his knowledge. But these are virtues belonging to the nature, and this is the way by which a union is effected of the
external and
internal. Therefore, whenever he-the entirely sincere man-employs them,-that is, these virtues, their action will be right.
【原文】
诚者,自成也(1);而道,自道也(2)。诚者,物之终始,不诚无物。是故君于诚之为贵。诚者,非自成己而已也(3),所以成物也。 成己,仁也;成物,知也。性之德也,合外内之道也,故时措(4)之宜也。
【注释】
(1)自成:自我成全,也就是自我完善的意思。(2)自道(dao):自我。
【译文】
真诚是自我的完善,道是自我的引导。真诚是事物的发端和归宿,没有真诚就没有了事物。因此君子以真诚为贵。不过,真诚并不是自我完善就够了,而是还要完善事物。自我完善是仁,完善事物是智。仁和智是出于本性的德行,是融合自身与外物的准则,所以任何时候施行都是适宜的。
【读解】
好学近乎智,力行近乎仁。
这里把智、仁与真诚的修养结合起来了。因为,真诚从大的方面来说,是事物的根本规律,是事物的发端和归宿;真诚从细的方面来说,是自我的内心完善。所以,要修养真诚就必须做到物我同一,天人合一。而要做到这一点既要靠学习来理解,又要靠实践来实现。
这里最值得注意的是真诚的外化问题,也就是说,真诚不仅仅像我们一般所理解的是一种主观内在的品质,自我的道德完善,而是还要外化到他人和一切事物当中去。作一个形象的比喻,倒正好用得上我们以前常爱引用的那句话:"只有解放全人类,才能最终彻底解放无产阶级自己。"
自己解放了,全人类都解放了,世界也就大同了。自己真诚了,他人真诚了,真诚无处不在,无时不有,世界也就美好无欺了。
说到底,还是真诚的奇妙神功。
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