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Men of Invention and Industry-Part27_Samuel Smiles(1812-1904)_English Literature(文学名著)-第2页

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a time. They deterred other printers from giving orders for the

machines; and Koenig and Bauer were under the necessity of



suspending their manufacture to a considerableextent. To keep

their men employed, the partners proceeded to fit up a paper



manufactory, Mr. Cotta, of Stuttgart, joining them in the

adventure; and a mill was fitted up, embodying all the latest



improvements in paper-making.

Koenig, however, did not live to enjoy the fruits or all his



study, labour, toil, and anxiety; for, while this enterprise was

still in progress, and before the machine trade had revived, he



was taken ill, and confined to bed. He became sleepless; his

nerves were unstrung; and no wonder. Brain disease carried him



off on the 17th of January, 1833; and this good, ingenious, and

admirable inventor was removed from all further care and trouble.



He died at the early age of fifty-eight, respected and beloved by

all who knew him.



His partner Bauer survived to continue the business for twenty

years longer. It was during this later period that the Oberzell



manufactory enjoyed its greatest prosperity. The prejudices of

the workmen gradually subsided when they found that machine



printing, instead of abridging employment, as they feared it

would do, enormously increased it; and orders accordingly flowed



in from Berlin, Vienna, and all the leading towns and cities of

Germany, Austria, Denmark, Russia, and Sweden. The six hundredth



machine, turned out in 1847, was capable of printing 6000

impressions in the hour. In March, 1865, the thousandth machine



was completed at Oberzell, on the occasion of the celebration of

the fifty years' jubilee of the invention of the steam press by



Koenig.

The sons of Koenig carried on the business; and in the biography



by Goebel, it is stated that the manufactory of Oberzell has now

turned out no fewer than 3000 printing machines. The greater



number have been supplied to Germany; but 660 were sent to

Russia, 61 to Asia, 12 to England, and 11 to America. The rest



were despatched to Italy, Switzerland, Sweden, Spain, Holland,

and other countries.



It remains to be said that Koenig and Bauer, united in life, were

not divided by death. Bauer died on February 27, 1860, and the



remains of the partners now lie side by side in the little

cemetery at Oberzell, close to the scene of their labours and the



valuable establishment which they founded.

Footnotes for Chapter VI.



[1] Koenig's letter in The Times, 8th December, 1814

[2] Koenig's letter in The Times, 8th December, 1814.



[3] Date of Patent, 29th April, 1790, No. 1748,

[4] Koenig's letter in The Times, 8th December, 1814.



[5] Mr. Richard Taylor, one of the partners in the patent, says,

"Mr. Perry declined, alleging that he did not consider a



newspaper worth so many years' purchase as would equal the cost

of the machine."



[6] Mr. Richard Taylor, F.S.A., memoir in 'Philosophical

Magazine' for October 1847, p. 300.



[7] The price of a single cylinder non-registering machine was

advertised at 900L.; of a double ditto, 1400L.; and of a cylinder



registering machine, 2000L.; added to which was 250L., 350L., and

500L. per annum for each of these machines so long as the patent



lasted, or an agreed sum to be paid down at once.

CHAPTER VII.



THE WALTERS OF THE TIMES: INVENTION OF THE WALTER PRESS.

"Intellect and industry are never incompatible. There is more



wisdom, and will be more benefit, in combining them than scholars

like to believe, or than the common world imagine. Life has time



enough for both, and its happiness will be increased by the

union." --SHARON TURNER.



"I have beheld with most respect the man

Who knew himself, and knew the ways before him,



And from among them chose considerately,

With a clear foresight, not a blindfold courage;



And, having chosen, with a steadfast mind

Pursued his purpose."



HENRY TAYLOR--Philip van Artevelde.

The late John Walter, who adopted Koenig's steam printing press



in printing The Times, was virtually the inventor of the modern

newspaper. The first John Walter, his father, learnt the art of






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