在考研英语"经典短文背诵"部分中，我 们根据短文的内容将其分为10大类。其实从文章功能来看，我们可把这10大类文章归为三种类型：解决问题、论证观点、阐述现象。其中第一类具有解决问题功 能的短文包括了：1、身体健康类;2、职业道德类;3、人口增长类;4、环境保护类。第二类具有论证观点功能的短文包括了：5、情感类;8、人生价值类。 第三类具有阐述现象功能的短文包括了：6、文化交流类;7、教育类;9、家庭关系类;10、社会热点类。需要说明的是，以上分类并不是具有绝对意义的，譬 如一些身体健康类的话题也可能适合以论证观点的短文模板来套用。我们这里所说的是指大致的分类和适用范围。

　　除了以上三项功能，我们还将在本部分的最后列出两个具有对比论证功能的模板。虽然自从1997 年以来的历年短文题目中没有出现要求进行对比论证的话题，但是考生仍然应该有所准备，因为对比论证是英文写作的一种重要写作手法，需要引起一定的重视。

　　这种类型的文章主要针对一些实际的问题分析其原因和后果，最后提出解决的措施。一般情况下三段的分布为：第一段描述图画内容，第二段分析问题所在，第三段提出解决方案。

　　1、身体健康类

　　模板1：

　　The picture . What is strikingly noticeable is , but it can be easily explained by shown in the picture.

　　The discernable unhealthiness discloses a prevalentphenomenon that has long existed in the China's . One the one hand, . On the other hand, . As a result, the integration of poor living conditions and work pressure leads naturally to their poor health and short life-span, just as the picture tells us.

　　The situation is rather depressing because , and it is largely owing to . To solve the problem, I think there should be a thriving social trend , and those who should be rewarded with good living and working conditions.

　　(参见范文2)

　　模板2：

　　In the picture, we are amazed to find that . It clearly tells us that in the domain of , there are .

　　has long been a problem since , and are turning to be an increasinglysevere problem because of . Besides, there are more reasons responsible for this issue. Firstly, . Secondly, . Thirdly, .

　　Judging from the analysis above, we may safely come to the conclusion that the daunting problem demands effective counter-measures. Most importantly, the government needs to implementsufficientlyrelevant laws and regulations in order to enhance the strength of . In addition, all residents should be aware of . (参见范文8)

　　2、职业道德类

　　模板1：

　　We can see from the picture that , but .

　　If , he would surely express . There are three reasons to explain why it happens to . Firstly, , which resulted from . Secondly, though , . Consequently, . Thirdly, .

　　I maintain that effective measures should be taken to put an end to this phenomenon. Firstly, we need to endeavor to advocate . Secondly, strict regulations should be enacted and enforced to create a harmonious and orderly society. Only through the combined efforts can we eliminate this "tumor" forcefully and completely. (参见范文6)

　　模板2：

　　As is shown in the cartoon, . Take in the cartoon for example .

　　This phenomenon appears commonly in our daily life. Nowadays, . Instead, they only try their best to Such deeds not only , but also .

　　Therefore, it is of great significance to take actions to change this phenomenon. First and foremost, . In addition, . All these steps can help guarantee a solid economic order and a harmonious society. (参见范文8)

　　3、人口增长类

　　模板1：

　　The picture depicts a scene in which . The scene is presented in an artistic and ironic manner. Crowds of people are crammed in . Further examination reveals that .

　　Apparently, the picture symbolizes that humans, with such a huge population, may one day suffer from the exhaustion of earth resources. Take for example. Given the fact that , we find that . To make it worse, .

　　If the conflict between population boom and shortage of resources is not properly controlled, we have every reason to hold a pessimistic perspective towards human's future on Earth. Perhaps eventually we would face the situation suggested by the picture, that is, . Accordingly, I stronglyrecommend that the whole globe launchaggressive programs to address this fatal contradiction. (参见范文3)

　　模板2：

　　Basically, what we see in this cartoon is . The interestingly echos the . while we can imagine .

　　We can deduce from this picture that the artist is trying to attract our attention to the present exploding world population. The striking point is that . As a result, . On the contrary, .

　　The simple picture is a wake-up call for the whole of human race. . Hence, mankind should cooperate worldwide to control population by effective measures, in order to secure the prosperity of our future on this planet. (参见范文2)

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　　4、环境保护类

　　模板1：

　　This is a very interesting piece of cartoon, in thanks to . Hence, .

　　Though being a little exaggerating, the cartoon illuminates a serious fact that , and for that matter, . A recent report also supported this view by . On the contrary, we are sad to perceive that .

　　Therefore, in my opinion, it is already high time for the whole world to form a solid cooperation fighting against , because not a single government or person can be exempt from its harm. A series of down-to-earth measures need to be urgently implemented to control . (参见范文2)

　　模板2：

　　Nowadays, lots of people have the illusion that . Just as what is shown in the picture, .

　　This is a very serious social problem. Compared with other countries, China . If everybody behaves in this way, it would be far beyond the country's capacity to . Moreover, it was reported that . Meanwhile, . Also, .

　　Though , it is never the only way. What's important, to solve these problems depends largely on our responsibility for society and environment. If the sense of responsibility is greatly aroused, the achievement of harmony between man and the environment will not be far away. (参见范文7)

　　? 功能II：论证观点

　　这种类型的文章主要分析论证一些具体的观点。一般情况下三段的分布为：第一段描述图画内容，第二段提出观点、进行理论分析和事例分析，第三段总结观点、表明态度。

　　5、情感类

　　模板1：

　　As is shown in the picture above, . Obviously from we can surmise that .

　　It goes without saying that the primary purpose of the picture lies in eulogizing the practice of . As a matter of fact, it is not rare to find in our everyday life deeds of similar nature. For instance, . Additionally, we can also hear many stories about . Not to mention those moving cases of .

　　All in all, I firmly believe that a harmonious society is based on a . By , people not only harvest , but also gain that can never be purchased via money. (参见范文7)

　　模板2：

　　, just as is depicted in the picture. It is not difficult to find that in today's society, more and more people begin to . It is rather good news to .

　　The picture reminds us that in China, due to , . Moreover, there are . In addition, we should not forget .

　　is a good way to express human love. To some extent, it also reflects individuals' sense of social responsibility. It is also a feeling from deep heart that is beyond words and is difficult to obtain no matter how rich one is. Therefore, I stronglyadvocate that . I am sure our society will hence be more beautiful because of .

　　? 功能III：阐述现象

　　这种类型的文章主要描述一些现象并具体分析解释现象的原因等。一般情况下三段的分布为：第一段描述图画内容，第二段分析该现象的原因、意义等，第三段总结观点、或提出建议。

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　　6、文化交流类

　　模板1：