纸上谈兵 Zhǐ Shàng Tán Bīng
纸上谈兵
Zhǐ Shàng Tán Bīng
战国时期有一个赵国人叫赵括，他的父亲是当时有名的将军赵奢。赵括年轻的时候很喜欢学习兵法，谈论起用兵打仗的事情来，就滔滔不绝，有时候他父亲也很难驳倒他。
In the period of the Warring States, in the State of Zhao, there was a man named Zhao Kuo whose father was the famous general Zhao She. In his youth Zhao Kuo was obsessed with military strategy and tactics and read many related books. He could talk with great eloquence about military strategies and sometimes even his father couldn't argue with him.
公元前262年，赵国和秦国在长平决战，秦国采取了反间计，赵王中计，让赵括代替廉颇去跟秦国打仗。赵括只知道根据兵书上的方法作战，不知道变通。而秦国的将领却出其不意，假装战败逃走。赵括不知道中了计，贸然进攻，结果被秦军包围，还被截断了运送粮食的道路。
In 262 B.C., a war broke out between the Zhao kingdom and the Qin kingdom in Changping. The Qin managed to sow discord between the king of Zhao and Lian Po, the most capable and distinguished general of Zhao. Instead of appointing Lian Po as the commander of its army, the king of Zhao sent Zhao Kuo in his place. Unfortunately, Zhao Kuo was just a bookworm who knew a lot about military theories but little about practical maneuvers when leading a real army. Much to Zhao Kuo's surprise, the leader of the Qin army pretended to retreat from the battlefield.. Unaware that he had been deceived, Zhao Kuo recklessly led his army to pursue the enemies. In the end, Zhao Kuo's army was besieged by Qin, and all their means of getting provisions were cut off.
后来，赵括，被秦军射死。赵军士兵饥饿疲劳，又失去了主将，军心大乱。赵国几十万 的士兵都投降了秦国。
Later, Zhao Kuo was killed by arrows from the army of Qin. After his death, the soldiers of Zhao, hungry and tired, became desperate and surrendered to the Qin.
词语注释：
将军：(jiāngjūn) n. general
兵法：(bīng fǎ) n. military strategy and tactics
滔滔不绝：(tāotāo bù jué) ph. talking fluently and endlessly
驳倒：(bódǎo) v. refute
公元前：(gōngyuán qián) adv. B.C. (before Christ)
反间计：(fǎnjiàn jì) n. stratagem of sowing distrust or discord among one's enemies
根据：(gēnjù) prep. on the basis of, according to
将领：(jiànglǐng)n. military officer
出其不意：(chū qí bú yì) ph. to take sb. by surprise
贸然：(màorán) adv. rashly, without careful consideration
截断：(jié duàn) v. to cut off
射：(shè) v. shoot
投降：(tóuxiáng) v. to surrender
专有名词：
战国：(Zhànguó) the period of the Warring States (475 B.C. - 221B.C)
赵国：(Zhào guó) one of the seven kingdoms during the Warring Sates period
赵括：(Zhào Kuò) a general in the state of Zhao
赵奢：(Zhào Shē) a famous general in Zhao guo, father of Zhao Kuo
秦国：(Qín guó) one of the seven kingdoms during the Warring Sates period.
廉颇：(Lián Pō) a famous general in the late Zhao guo.
长平：(Chángpíng) a place located in Shanxi province.
意义：
"纸上谈兵"指在纸面上谈论打仗。比喻没有实际经验，只会照着书本空谈，不能成为现实。
"纸上谈兵(Zhǐ Shàng Tán Bīng )" literally means talk about strategy on paper. It refers to those who have no practical experience and are only good at empty talk.
例句：
1、 如果确定了远大的目标，就要付诸实践行动，千万不要纸上谈兵。
If you have set a goal, you'd better put it into practice. Don't let your goals become纸上谈兵.
2、 他这个人就会纸上谈兵，真要让他干点什么就不行了。
He knows nothing but 纸上谈兵, so you can never trust him with real work.
纸上谈兵
Zhǐ Shàng Tán Bīng
战国时期有一个赵国人叫赵括，他的父亲是当时有名的将军赵奢。赵括年轻的时候很喜欢学习兵法，谈论起用兵打仗的事情来，就滔滔不绝，有时候他父亲也很难驳倒他。
In the period of the Warring States, in the State of Zhao, there was a man named Zhao Kuo whose father was the famous general Zhao She. In his youth Zhao Kuo was obsessed with military strategy and tactics and read many related books. He could talk with great eloquence about military strategies and sometimes even his father couldn't argue with him.
公元前262年，赵国和秦国在长平决战，秦国采取了反间计，赵王中计，让赵括代替廉颇去跟秦国打仗。赵括只知道根据兵书上的方法作战，不知道变通。而秦国的将领却出其不意，假装战败逃走。赵括不知道中了计，贸然进攻，结果被秦军包围，还被截断了运送粮食的道路。
In 262 B.C., a war broke out between the Zhao kingdom and the Qin kingdom in Changping. The Qin managed to sow discord between the king of Zhao and Lian Po, the most capable and distinguished general of Zhao. Instead of appointing Lian Po as the commander of its army, the king of Zhao sent Zhao Kuo in his place. Unfortunately, Zhao Kuo was just a bookworm who knew a lot about military theories but little about practical maneuvers when leading a real army. Much to Zhao Kuo's surprise, the leader of the Qin army pretended to retreat from the battlefield.. Unaware that he had been deceived, Zhao Kuo recklessly led his army to pursue the enemies. In the end, Zhao Kuo's army was besieged by Qin, and all their means of getting provisions were cut off.
后来，赵括，被秦军射死。赵军士兵饥饿疲劳，又失去了主将，军心大乱。赵国几十万 的士兵都投降了秦国。
Later, Zhao Kuo was killed by arrows from the army of Qin. After his death, the soldiers of Zhao, hungry and tired, became desperate and surrendered to the Qin.
词语注释：
将军：(jiāngjūn) n. general
兵法：(bīng fǎ) n. military strategy and tactics
滔滔不绝：(tāotāo bù jué) ph. talking fluently and endlessly
驳倒：(bódǎo) v. refute
公元前：(gōngyuán qián) adv. B.C. (before Christ)
反间计：(fǎnjiàn jì) n. stratagem of sowing distrust or discord among one's enemies
根据：(gēnjù) prep. on the basis of, according to
将领：(jiànglǐng)n. military officer
出其不意：(chū qí bú yì) ph. to take sb. by surprise
贸然：(màorán) adv. rashly, without careful consideration
截断：(jié duàn) v. to cut off
射：(shè) v. shoot
投降：(tóuxiáng) v. to surrender
专有名词：
战国：(Zhànguó) the period of the Warring States (475 B.C. - 221B.C)
赵国：(Zhào guó) one of the seven kingdoms during the Warring Sates period
赵括：(Zhào Kuò) a general in the state of Zhao
赵奢：(Zhào Shē) a famous general in Zhao guo, father of Zhao Kuo
秦国：(Qín guó) one of the seven kingdoms during the Warring Sates period.
廉颇：(Lián Pō) a famous general in the late Zhao guo.
长平：(Chángpíng) a place located in Shanxi province.
意义：
"纸上谈兵"指在纸面上谈论打仗。比喻没有实际经验，只会照着书本空谈，不能成为现实。
"纸上谈兵(Zhǐ Shàng Tán Bīng )" literally means talk about strategy on paper. It refers to those who have no practical experience and are only good at empty talk.
例句：
1、 如果确定了远大的目标，就要付诸实践行动，千万不要纸上谈兵。
If you have set a goal, you'd better put it into practice. Don't let your goals become纸上谈兵.
2、 他这个人就会纸上谈兵，真要让他干点什么就不行了。
He knows nothing but 纸上谈兵, so you can never trust him with real work.
- capable [´keipəbəl]
a.有能力；能干的 (初中英语单词) - commander [kə´mɑ:ndə] n.指挥员，司令员 (初中英语单词)
- retreat [ri´tri:t] v.&n.退却；撤退；放弃 (初中英语单词)
- pursue [pə´sju:] v.追赶；追踪；从事 (初中英语单词)
- desperate [´despərit] a.拼死的；绝望的 (初中英语单词)
- consideration [kən,sidə´reiʃən] n.考虑；原因；体谅 (初中英语单词)
- related [ri´leitid] a.叙述的；有联系的 (高中英语单词)
- distinguished [di´stiŋgwiʃt] a.卓越的，著名的 (高中英语单词)
- unfortunately [ʌn´fɔ:tʃunitli] ad.不幸；不朽；可惜 (高中英语单词)
- distrust [dis´trʌst] n.&vt.不信任，怀疑 (高中英语单词)
- literally [´litərəli] ad.逐字地；实际上 (高中英语单词)
- tactics [´tæktiks] n.策略；战术 (英语四级单词)
- eloquence [´eləkwəns] n.雄辩；口才 (英语四级单词)
- unaware [,ʌnə´weə] a.不知道的；不觉察的 (英语四级单词)
- strategy [´strætidʒi] n.兵法；战略 (英语六级单词)
- discord [´diskɔ:d] n.不一致；不和谐 (英语六级单词)
- battlefield [´bætlfi:ld] n.战场 (英语六级单词)
- stratagem [´strætədʒəm] n.战略，策略，谋略 (英语六级单词)
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