※ 读典故
学英语,够有趣--(3)继续狗的话题
A DOG IN THE MANGER
因为文化传统的关系,狗在英语语言中都被当作忠实、可爱、聪敏的象征,因此与之有关的短语也大多为褒义之词,但 a dog in the
manger 则属例外。从字面来看,A dog in the
manger 是指『马厩里的狗』,大家可能觉得奇怪了,狗怎么跑到马厩里去了呢?要解释清楚这个短语的实际含义,还得追根溯源。
这个短语最早出现于《伊索预言》,故事的梗概是:一匹马和一条牛正在马厩里吃草。这时,一条狗闯进来了,它十分霸道地要马和牛都走开。马和牛十分温和地对它说:可是你是不吃草的呀!这条狗却蛮不讲理地说:我是不吃草,可是我不吃的东西也不能让你们白吃!这样,这条狗霸占了盛满稻草的马槽,却赶走了以草为生的马和牛。而它自己呢,也只能看着稻草而不能吃。
《美国韦氏大词典》将其解释为:The dog who would not allow a horse or ox to eat the hay in a
manger, even though he himself did not want it. 并且在这一基本意义的基础上又将该片语引申为:A person who selfishly withholds from others something that he himself can not use or does not need.
讲到这里,大家可能已经想到了汉语中的一个俗语:『占着茅坑不拉屎』,两者在语意上倒也确实十分贴近。
根据具体的语境,这个短语还可以理解为『自私自利的人』,『一毛不拔的人』等。例如:
1. Don't be such a dog in the
manger. Lend your
bicycle to him since you will not go out this afternoon.
2. If you want a
pretence to whip a dog, say that he ate up the frying-pan.
3. let sleeping dogs lie.
4. Hungry dogs will eat dirty puddings.
试着翻译一下吧!
1. 别这么不够朋友。既然你今天下午不出去就把自行车借给他用一用。
2. 欲加之罪, 何患无辞。
3. 别多事, 别惹麻烦。
4. 急不暇择, 饥不择食。
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※ 读典故
学英语,够有趣--(4)今天换鸽子了
STOOL PIGEON
stool pigeon 这个短语到底是什么意思呢?既然 stool 可作『凳子』或『粪便』解,那么 stool pigeon 是否是指停留在雕像上拉屎的鸽子?抑或和家具有什么联系呢?
其实,stool 在这个短语中根本就没有『家具』或『粪便』的意思,实际上它是 stale 或 stall 的变体,意为『引诱,诱骗』。例如英国著名的剧作家和诗人莎士比亚的名著《暴风雨》中有这样一句话:
"The trumpery in my house goe bring it hither for stale to catch these theeves."
(大意:把房间里那些中看不重用的东西作为诱饵,目的是为了抓住这群贼骨头。)
stool pigeon 来源于法语 estale 或 estal,意指用来诱捕老鹰的鸽子。而这一
法语单词又是从德语 stall 衍生而来的,意为『栅栏』或『固定的位置』。据此可以推断,stool pigeon 是指『(抓捕犯人的)密探』,当然现在它也有『告密者』之意。
Pigeon English
[perhaps a
corruption of business English], an extraordinary and
grotesque dialect, employed in the commercial cities of China, as the medium of communication between foreign merchants and the Chinese. Its base is English, with a mixture of Portuguese and Hindoostanee. --Johnson's Cyc
pigeon 在slang中有容易上当受骗的意思,另外,还有特别关心的事务或者是人,比如:
Football is not his pigeon 他不怎么喜欢踢足球。
a pigeon pair 一男一女的双胞胎。
另外,put/set the cat among the pigeons 的意思是招惹麻烦。
在医学上,一些和这个词有关系的一些词汇如下:
1. pigeon brest 鸡胸,不是鸽胸啊,呵呵
2. pigeont-toed 足内翻的
以下是网上各位回复的关于鸽子的词组:
(as)
harmless as a dove 和善得象鸽子,象鸽子一样无害于人
as mild as a dove 非常温和
dove of peace 和平鸽
bird of peace 和平鸽
doves and hawks dove 鸽派和鹰派
In the whole affair, he played the role of a humiliated stool pigeon.
pigeon-livered 温柔的
pigeon's milk 不存在的事物
pigeonhearted 胆小的, 害羞的
One who is easily swindled; a dupe. 傻瓜容易上当受骗的人;易被愚弄的人
clay pigeon 清洁的衣服
carrier pigeon 信鸽
be someone's pigeon: Originally this expression was "that's not my pidgin". The word 'pidgin' represents a 17th century Chinese pronunciation of the word 'business'. The expression
literally meant the same as "that's not my business".
e.g: I'm sorry to load this on you, Harry, but I'm selfishly glad it's your pigeon rather than mine.
put/set the cat among the pigeons: to cause trouble, esp. by doing or
saying something that is
unexpected or excites strong feeling pigeon-hole:
a.(文件或信笺的)分类格架,常用于被动语态
I put (papers, and ect.)in a pigeon-hole, and ingore it.
b.分类,归档,尤指硬性的
She flet her son has been pigion-hole as a problem child.
pigeon English 洋泾浜英语, 英汉夹杂语
pigeon hawk (美国产的)一种小鹰
pigeon house 鸽笼,鸽舍
pigeon retina 鸽视网膜
关键字:
俚语生词表: