教学目标

　　　　通过本单元教学，使学生掌握有关提出建议或忠告的句型，对他人的一些具体问题提出自己的建议或忠告。复习有关看病的用语。通过对课文的学习，了解有关营养与卫生方面的基本常识，描写中国食谱与西方食谱之间的差异及优势。

　　1．重点词汇 examine; advise; contain; score; scores of; discuss; cause; suggestion; in (the) future; be rich in; put on weight; at the end (of); lose weight

　　2．重要句型 1) I advise you not to eat fruit that isn't ripe in future. 2) The result is that many of them become fat. 3) There is as much sugar in it as eight pieces of sugar.

　　3．语法 学习英语中提出建议和忠告的句型

　　4．日常交际用语

　　a. Seeing the doctor:

　　　　1）What can I do for you? What was the matter?

　　　　2) Lie down and let me examine you.

　　　　3) I've got a pain/cough/headache.

　　　　4) I don't feel well.

　　　　5) There's something wrong with...

　　　　6) Take this medicine three times a day.

　　　　7) Drink plenty of water and have a good rest.

　　　　8) Take two pills now and two more in four hours' time.

　　b. Making suggestions and giving advice

　　　　1) You'd better have a good rest.

　　　　2) I advise you to do something.

　　　　3) I advise you not to do something.

　　　　4) I suggest that you do. . .

　　　　5) Why not do. . . ?

　　　　6) Why don't you do. . . ?

　　教学建议

　　写作建议

　　　　1．首先让学生们写在练习本上，然后与同组讨论，互相交换议建议。

　　　　2．谈论书中所给出的几个题目，练习学生们看病的用语。如：

　　　　I've got a pain/ There's something wrong, /I feel terrible./ I don't feel well,so on.

　　课文建议

　　Step1本篇课文是有关健康饮食的话题，通过对比中西方饮食的对比，让学生们能够对课文的了解，教师列表写在黑板上，如下：

　　Type

　　Food

　　Content

　　Result

　　Chinese

　　fruit, green vegetables

　　rich in fibre, low in sugar and fat

　　have healthy white teeth

　　Western

　　potato crisps, potato chips, butter, cream, chocolate, cakes, soft drinks, sweets, ham burger, Coca Cola

　　high in fat and

　　sugar and salt left;

　　put on weight; have no teeth

　　No good value for money

　　Step2通过阅读，让学生掌握一些饮食的名称，如What's your favorite food?

　　duck/ chicken/egg/peanuts/jiaozi/noodles/chocolate/cream/cakes/potato crisps/butter, etc..

　　听力建议

　　Step1.Preparation for listening

　　　　让学生们准备去听听力，首先让他们看P121页的练习，使学生们能够了解练习的大概内容。

　　Setp2.每一道题先放一遍，提问学生们是否听懂，大概的内容是什么。然后再放两遍，让学生们单独去做练习。

　　Setp3.让学生们能够重复每一段小故事。如：Ex1.

　　　　I was in a chemistry lesson. I was carefully looking at something on the lab table and my hair caught fire. Luckily I wasn't badly hurt .Next time I'll tie my hair back before I go into the lab. Long hair can be dangerous.

　　重点难点讲解

　　辨析pain与ache

　　相同点：两者都表示疼痛。不同点：

　　pain要注意以下三个方面：

　　① 表示身体某部位不适时，属于可数名词；

　　I've a pain in my back. 我后背有点疼。

　　② 表示精神上的痛苦时，属于不可数名词；

　　He gave his mother much pain by failing all the subjects. 他所有的考试不及格使他妈妈很痛苦。

　　③作"努力"、"辛苦"讲时，只用复数形式，但不能用many, few修饰。

　　No pains, no gains. 不劳则无获。

　　ache表"疼痛"时，其主语是身体的某部位，而不是"人"。

　　My legs ache. = I have pains in my legs. 我脚疼。

　　注：head, tooth, stomach（胃）与ache一起构成复合名词，如：headache（头疼），但leg, foot, hand, forehead不行。

　　辨析asleep, sleepy 和sleeping

　　相同点：这三个词都具有形容词性质。不同点：

　　asleep意思是"睡着了,它是表语形容词，在句中只能作表语或宾语补足语，不能作定语。

　　The teacher found Tom asleep in class and kept him behind after school.

　　老师发现汤姆在课上睡着了，放学后把他留了下来。

　　sleepy意思是"想睡了"但并没有睡着。它可以在句中作定语。

　　I'm sleepy and I'd like to go to bed.老想睡了，我去房间休息了。

　　sleeping意思是"正在睡觉"。它可以在句中作定语。

　　They woke up the sleeping girl and asked her where her parents were.他们把那位正在睡觉的女孩叫醒，问她父母在哪儿。

　　辨析diet与food

　　相同点：diet, food都可作"食物"解。不同点：

　　diet指的是习惯的食物或规定的食物，特指维持健康的定量或定质的食物，如病人的疗养饮食。

　　The doctor has ordered me a special diet.医生给我安排了特殊的饮食。

　　注意：diet是可数名词，常与不定冠词a连用，如：

　　food是一般用法，凡能吃喝的具有营养的东西都称food. food是不可数名词，但在表示食品的种类时，可以用复数。

　　The doctor put him on a diet after operation.手术之后，医生规定了他的饮食。

　　Too many sweet foods will make you fat.太多的甜食会使你发胖。

　　辨析in the future 与 in future

　　相同点：这两个短语都表示"在将来"的意思，一般可以互换。不同点：

　　1) in future (= from now on)强调"从今以后/今后"，如：

　　Don't do that again. Be more careful in future. 别再那样做了，今后更要注意。

　　2) in the future (=time that has not come yet)侧重表示"将来某个时候/将来"，不一定就是从今立即开始，与in the past相对。

　　My sister wants to be an actress in the future. 我妹妹将来想当演员。

　　辨析 too much 与 much too

　　1) much too具有副词功能，作程度状语，常用来修饰形容词或副词原级，意为"实在太，非常"。它不能修饰动词。

　　It is much too expensive. 这实在太贵了。

　　2) too much具有形容词、名词和副词的功能，可用作主语、宾语、表语、定语或状语，意为"太多、过多、过分、太厉害"。中心词为much, too用于修饰much, 表示程度，用以加强语气。其用法可以归纳为以下几种：

　　a. 用作形容词，修饰不可数名词；

　　b. 用作副词，修饰动词，作状语。

　　c. 用作名词，后常与of连用。

　　d. 用作代词；

　　e. 一般不单独用在be动词之后，但可用在 "be too much for sb."结构中，表示"对某人来说太难了（受不了）"。例如：

　　1）There was too much noise.（√）The noise was too much.（×）噪音太大了。

　　2）She is afraid the rip will be too much for her. 她怕受不了旅途的劳累。

　　3）You are asking for too much.你要的太多了。

　　4）Jack thinks too much of himself.杰克太自以为是。

　　It cost him too much. 他付出的代价太大了。

　　辨析advise和suggest

　　相同点：这二个动词都是提出建议和忠告，后面同时可接如下用法：

　　1).可接名词：He advised / suggested a rest.他建议休息一下。

　　2).代词：They advised / suggested nothing to us.他们对我们没有什么建议。

　　3).动名词：Tom advised / suggested sending for a doctor at once.汤姆建议立即叫医生。

　　4).that引导的宾语从句（that从句中用should+动词原形，should可省略，意思相近）。

　　I advised / suggested that he (should) eat more fruit.我建议他应多吃水果。

　　不相同点：

　　advise可以接宾语+不定式短语或疑问词引导的不定式短语，而suggest不能这样用。

　　The doctor advised me to rest for a week.医生建议我休息一星期。

　　I suggested to hold a meeting (×)

　　I suggested holding a meeting.(√)

　　John suggested us to go for a walk.（×）

　　John advised us to go for a walk.（√）

　　辨析die of 与die from

　　相同点：两者含有"由于......而死"之意，后均接名词或动词-ing形式。在因外界环境影到体内或疾病，衰弱，年迈而造成的死亡时，两者可互换。

　　He died of/from overeating/hunger/cold /illness.他因为消化不良/饥饿/寒冷/疾病而死亡。

　　不同点：

　　die of 可用来表示因内在感情而造成的死亡，或因直接原因导致死亡，常用于以下情况：

　　die of cancer/a cold/a fever/old age/sorrow/love

　　die from用来表示非人体的而是环境污染，事故等造成的死亡，或者说因间接原因导致死亡，常用以下情况：

　　die from polluted air /an accident/drinking too much/ a wound因污染的空气/事故/饮酒过度/受伤而死

　　分析句型as much /many as...

　　作"多达......程度"解。所涉及的数量如果是可数的，则用many,如果是不可数 的，则用much， 如：

　　You can eat as much as you like.你爱吃多少就吃多少。

　　Here are plenty of magazines. Take as many as you want. 这里有大量的杂志，你要多少拿多少吧。

　　分析discuss用法

　　vt.讨论，商量，商讨

　　1.+疑问词+to do

　　We'll discuss when to hold the sports meeting.我们将讨论什么时候开支运动会。

　　2. +从句

　　We discussed where we should go.我们讨论了我们该上哪儿去。

　　n.讨论，议论

　　We had a long discussion about the question.关于这个问题我们讨论了很长时间。

　　cause much discussion 引起议论

　　be under discussion 在讨论中。

　　1．When playing football or basketball, you might be using 400 calories an hour.

　　这句是状语从句中省略了主语和动词be.在表示时间、地点、条件、方式（比较）或让步等的状语从句中，如果谓语含有动词be,主语又和主句的主语一致，或其主语是it,那么从句中的主语和谓语的一部分（尤其是动词be） 往往可以省略，如：

　　连词+V-ing

　　When (she was) walking along the river, she met the stranger.

　　连词+V-ed

　　He won't come unless (he is ) invited.

　　连词+adj/adv

　　The news will change all our plan, if (it is ) true.

　　另外，在比较状语从句或方式状语从句中，可根据需要省略相同的成份。

　　You can jump much higher on the moon than (you jump) on the earth.

　　2．What food do you think is healthy and which is unhealthy?

　　该句为"特殊疑问词+do you think+其他部分构成的，用以征询对方的看法或推测等。其中的do you think 是插入语，并不影响全句结构。可以用于这一结构的动词还有believe, imagine, suppose等，如：

　　Who do you think has got the first prize? 你认为谁获得了第一名？

　　Which do you suppose will be taken away next? 你认为接下来被拿走的是哪一个？

　　但是当think, believe, imagine, suppose等用在"think+宾语+to be"结构时，要慎重选择who（主格）或whom (宾格)，试比较：

　　1）Whom do you think to be the best in our class?你认为谁是我们班最好的学生？

　　2）Who do you think will be our English teacher next term?你认为下学期谁会当我们英语教师？

　　句1为"think sb. to be"结构，是对sb.表示疑问。

　　句2是对I think 后宾语从句的主语表示疑问。

　　表示建议和提出忠告的方法

　　 "建议"可以包括两个方面，即表示建议对方做某事和表示建议对方和自己一起做某事，第二种情况在现代汉语中可用"咱们"这个人称代词。"建议"有许多表达方法，有直接了当地提出自己的想法，也有转弯抹角地暗示自己的想法;有随时想起的提议，也有经过周密思考提出的建议。表达"建议"的常用方法有：

　　1)用"Let's" 开头的祈使句后面接动词原形，建议对方和自己一起做某事，句尾常常加 "shall we?"，"OK" 等用于征求对方看法的词语，从而使语气缓和得多。例如：

　　Let's cross over here while the light's green.

　　Let's call it a day now, OK?

　　Let's go upstairs, shall we?

　　"Let's. . . , shall we?" 句型可以和 "Shall we...?" 换用，肯定回答常用 "Yes，let's..." 。例如：

　　-Shall we listen to some music? -Yes, let's listen to some.

　　2)用 "Why don't you..." 句型建议对方做某事，可缩略为 "Why not...?"。 例如：

　　Why don't you sell the car if you need money?

　　Why not look in the local paper?

　　3）用"How/ What about...?" 句型，表达非正式的建议，征求对方意见，多数情况下建议对方和自己一起做某事。例如：

　　How about a trip to the beach on Sunday?

　　What about coming across the road for a break?

　　4)用suggest, suggestion等词汇表示比较正式的建议，在会议和讨论中使用较多，也常用于书面语中。例如：

　　I suggest a meeting with the new members.

　　I suggest trying it once more.

　　I suggest (that) we (should) take the night train.

　　"劝告"偏重于为对方着想，替对方出主意、想办法，或者是长辈对晚辈、师长对学生、有经验的对无经验的人讲应该做什么或怎样去做。表达"劝告"的常用方法有：

　　1) "You'd better. . . ."句型表达随便的劝告，口语中有时省略had和主语you。例如：

　　You'd better take an umbrella. It's going to rain.

　　Better do it yourself. It's no good depending on others.

　　2) 用should, ought to, might, could 等情态动词表达责任和义务。例如：

　　-Please tell me which courses to take in the first term.

　　-Well, you could take a history course. You might also take art course. You should certainly take a language course.

　　3) 用advise, advice 等词汇。例如：

　　I strongly advise you to see the doctor.

　　My advice is: Go to the doctor right now.

　　Lesson 57 教学设计方案

　　Step I Lead in

　　1.Revise illnesses ( headache, backache, toothache, cough, cold, etc)

　　2.The T will ask the questions to the Ss.

　　　　1） If yon are sick or don't feel well，where do you have to go？

　　　　2）What does a doctor do when you go to see him？

　　Step II Watch and Answer

　　　　l）What's wrong with Sharon？

　　　　2）What did she eat the day before yesterday and what did the doctor advise her not to do？

　　Key: 1) She has got a pain and couldn't sleep last night. 2) She had a green peach and the doctor advised her not to eat fruit that is not ripe in future.

　　Step III Listen and Answer

　　Play the tape for the Ss to listen and repeat. Then let the Ss answer the questions.

　　　　1) Why do you think the doctor asked Sharon what she had yesterday?

　　　　2) Was it serious? How do you know?

　　　　3)Did the doctor give Sharon any medicine? What did the doctor ask Sharon to do with the medicine?

　　Step IV Language points

　　Go through the dialogue with the Ss and make sure the Ss understand it. Explain any difficult language points.

　　1.Ouch!: a cry of pain

　　2.Here? Here?: The doctor is touching Sharon in different places.

　　3. three times a day= three times every day

　　4. I advise you not to eat....

　　5. in future: you can also say in the future.

　　Step V Practice

　　Read the answers and then write out the questions.

　　1.A: What_____________________________________?

　　B: I've got a pain in my back. I can't turn over while in bed.

　　2. A: _________________________________________?

　　　B: The doctor told me to take some medicine and have a rest.

　　3. A: ______________________________________________?

　　　B: I had a sandwich, some salad and a glass of orange for lunch.

　　4. A: ______________________________________________?

　　　B: No, it's nothing serious. But you need a rest for several days.

　　5. A: ______________________________________________?

　　　B: Take 2 of the red pills and 4 of the white pills each times. And I advise you not to drink water that isn't boiled any more.

　　Step VI Discussion

　　　　The T give the Ss a topic to practise and divide them into four groups, After a few minutes, ask two students to play it in front of the class.

　　　　Someone has got a stomachache and does not feel like eating. The cause is that he likes eating cold food. The doctor gives him some medicine and tells him not to eat food that is cold.

　　Step VII Homework

　　　　Finish the Workbook exercises 1& 2 on page 29.

　　　　Preparation the next Lesson 58