快速阅读要求在15分钟内完成一篇1200字左右的文章和后面的10道题。前面7个题是判断正误(包括NOT GIVEN)，后3个是填空题(答案基本都是原文中出现的原词)。从文章的篇幅和题目的设置都让我们感觉到，在复习阶段必须有意识地培养快速阅读能力，以便有效地应对这个部分的测试。

快速阅读能力的提高固然有赖于在大量阅读中逐步的积累。但是，在平时的训练的时候，应该注意通过对逻辑关系、标点符号乃至一些特征语言信息点，乃至寻读等方法的积极运用，实现文章主旨的快速把握，并对随后的题目作出有效的判断和填写。

一、逻辑关系在快速阅读中的运用

快速阅读理解能力的提高是有一定方法可循的，为此应该尤其注意文章逻辑关系在快速阅读中的运用。逻辑关系散布在文章的句子内部、句句之间、以及段落之间。最基本的逻辑关系有以下几种：

1、因果关系：as a result ，therefore，hence，consequently，because, for, due to, hence, consequently等等。

2、并列、递进关系：and, or, then，in addition，besides，in other words，moreover等等

3、转折关系：however，but, yet, in fact等等。

这些我们其实已经很熟悉的逻辑提示词在文章中起的效果，并非仅仅是衔接文章的句子，从阅读的角度来看，其实同时在给我们某种提示，告诉我们哪些句子是有效信息，相对重要的信息，哪些信息是相对不重要的信息，因为我们在处理文章的时候，有一条清晰的思路，你不是为了完整翻译文章而进行阅读，而是为了获取主旨来阅读。

例如样题中的第一段：You have just finished your meal at a fast food restaurant and you throw your uneaten food, food wrappers, drink cups, utensils and napkins into the trash can. You don't think about that waste again. On trash pickup day in your neighborhood, you push your can out to the curb, and workers dump the contents into a big truck and haul it away. You don't have to think about that waste again, either. But maybe you have wondered, as you watch the trash truck pull away, just where that garbage ends up.

我们注意到，在该段尾部出现了"But"。这里的"But"，说明作者陈述的内容的逻辑主旨发生了变化，因此，转折逻辑词之前的信息就变得不重要了，简单的处理方法是可以仅保留阅读转折词之后的信息。

相应地，并列、递进关系词，意味着它们前后衔接的信息从主旨的体现上没有发生变化，而更多的表现为前后句子主旨的相似性，所以我们选择其中的一半进行阅读。这样，在保证了阅读质量的基础上，也极大地提高了阅读速度。如样题中"How Is a Landfill Operated?"一段中：

Along the site, there are drop-off stations for materials that are not wanted or legally banned by the landfill. A multi-material drop-off station is used for tires, motor oil, lead-acid batteries. Some of these materials can be recycled.

In addition, there is a household hazardous waste drop-off station for chemicals (paints, pesticides, other chemicals) that are banned from the landfill. These chemicals are disposed of by private companies.

注意到"In addition"，该词的出现意味着其后内容和上一段信息主旨基本一致，可以放弃本句的阅读。

二、标点符号在快速阅读中的运用

可以运用标点符号(破折号、小括号、冒号)了解不认识的词汇或句子的含义。因为这些标点符号的出现就是为了更进一步地其前的信息。但同时，由于快速阅读用词相对比较简单，很容易理解和把握标点前的被解释信息，所以，可以将这些标点符号后面的信息删除，从而更加快速地把握文章的主旨。

例如样题中有下列信息：

Dump-an open hole in the ground where trash is buried and that is full of various animals (rats, mice, birds). (This is most people's idea of a landfill!)

Landfill-carefully designed structure built into or on top of the ground in which trash is isolated from the surroundingenvironment (groundwater, air, rain). This isolation is accomplished with a bottom liner and daily covering of soil.

• Sanitary landfill-land fill that uses a clay liner to isolate the trash from the environment

• Municipal solid waste (MSW) landfill-landfill that uses a synthetic (plastic) liner to isolate the trash from the environment

注意到在"Dump"、" Landfill"之后分别有一个破折号，如果我们已经明白该标点的意义就在于后面的信息对前者进一步进行解释，那么就可以在明白这些单词基本含义的基础上，放弃其后信息的阅读，因为，阅读理解，我们更强调的是对文章主旨信息的把握，而不是具体的细节信息。

阅读材料

There is evidence that the usual variety of high blood pressure is, in part, a familiar disease. Since families have similar genes as well as similar environments, familiar diseases could be due to shared genetic influences, to shared environmental factors, or to both. For some years, the role of one environmental factor commonly shared by families, namely dietary salt(i.e., sodium chloride), has been studied at Brookhaven National Laboratory. These studies suggest that chromic excess salt ingestion can lead to high blood pressure in man and animals. Some individuals, however, and some rats consume large amounts of salt without developing high blood pressure. No matter how strictly all environmental factors were controlled in these experiments, some salt-fed animals never developed hypertension whereas a few rapidly developed very severe hypertension followed by early death. These marked variations were interpreted to result from differences in genetic constitution.



By mating is successive generations only those animals that failed to develop hypertension from salt ingestion, a resistant strain(the "R" Strain)has been evolved in which consumption of large quantities of salt fails to influence the blood pressure significantly. In contrast, by mating only animals that quickly develop hypertension from salt, a sensitive strain("S" strain)has also been developed.



The availability of these tow strains permits investigations not heretofore possible. They provide a plausible laboratory model on which to investigate some clinical aspects of the human prototypes of hypertension. More important, there might be the possibility of developing methods by which genetic susceptibility of human beings to high blood pressure can be defined without waiting for its appearance. Radioactive sodium 22 was an important "tool" in working out the characteristics of the sodium chloride metabolism.

mda.com

1.The study of the effects of salt on high blood pressure was carried out ______.

a. as members of the same family tend to use similar amounts of salt

b. to explore the long-term use of a sodium based substance

c. because it was proven that salt caused high blood pressure

d. because of the availability of chemically pure salt and its derivatives



2.The main difference between "S" and "R" rats is their ______.

a. need for sodium 22

b. rate of mating

c. reaction to salt

d. type of blood



3.We can infer from the article that sodium 22 can de used to ______.

a. control high blood pressure

b. cure high blood pressure caused by salt

c. tell the "S" rats from the "R" rats

d. determine what a sodium chloride metabolism is like

mda.com

4.The most beneficial results of the research might be ______.

a. development of diets free of salt

b. an early cure for high blood pressure

c. control of genetic agents that cause high blood pressure

d. the early identification of potential high blood pressure victims



5.Which of the statements best relates the main idea of this article?

a. When salt is added rats and human beings react similarly.

b. The near future will see a cure for high blood pressure.mda.com

c. The medical field is desperately in need of research.

d. A tendency toward high blood pressure may be a hereditary factor.

答案：acddd
关键字:经验技巧
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