Some General Tips For Switch To Mac From Windows
Sales of Apple's Macintosh computers have been growing much faster than PC sales overall, with many new Mac buyers switching from years of using Windows computers. For that reason, every month I get emails from readers asking about the differences in using the Windows and Macintosh operating systems.
While the Windows and Mac user interfaces are broadly similar, they do have subtle variations in day-to-day use that require some re-education for switchers. And because there are so many fewer Mac users than Windows users, help from friends and co-workers can be harder to obtain than it is for people switching the other way, to Windows from Mac.
So, here's a quick tip sheet explaining a few of the most common differences in the daily use of Windows XP, from which most people would be switching, and Apple's Mac OS X Leopard, which switchers would be adopting.
This column isn't an argument for making the switch to a Mac, merely an attempt to help those who have done so, or who are considering doing so. Of course, all Macs currently sold can run Windows and Windows programs concurrently with the Mac operating system. But this guide is for folks who intend to use their Macs primarily with Leopard, not Windows.
Menu Bars: In Windows, each program typically has its own menu bar. On the Mac, there's a single menu bar at the top of the screen that changes, depending on which program you are actively using.
Task Bar: The equivalent of the Windows XP Task Bar on the Mac is the Dock. Unlike the Task Bar, which primarily holds icons representing open windows, the Mac Dock primarily holds icons of programs you use most often. To place a program onto the Dock, you just drag its icon there. To remove it, you just drag its icon off the Dock and it disappears in a puff of animated smoke.
Start Menu: There is no Start Menu on a Mac. Its functions are divided between the Dock and the Apple menu at the upper left of the Mac screen.
Control Panel: The Mac equivalent of the Windows Control Panel is called System Preferences, and it can be launched from either the Dock or the Apple menu.
Keyboard shortcuts: Common Windows keyboard commands, such as Ctrl-S for Save, Ctrl-P for Print, and many others, are also available on the Mac. However, instead of using the Control key, they use the Mac's Command key, which bears either a cloverlike symbol or an Apple logo. So, on the Mac, for instance, Command-S is for Save.
Quitting programs: In Windows, you can quit a program by clicking on the red 'X' in a square at the upper right corner of the window you're using. But on the Mac, if you click on the equivalent button -- a red 'X' in a circle in the upper left corner -- you are merely closing the window, not quitting the program. To quit the program, you must either select Quit from the leftmost menu or press the Command and 'Q' keys together.
Maximizing windows: When you click on the blue maximize button in Windows XP, the window you are viewing occupies the whole screen. In Leopard, the equivalent button -- a green circle at the upper left -- increases a small window's size to a footprint deemed optimal for its contents, which isn't always the whole screen.
Switching programs: One common way to switch among running programs in Windows XP is to press Alt and Tab together. This displays icons of each running program and allows you to switch among them. On a Mac, the same trick can be performed by pressing the Command and Tab keys together. The Mac also has a terrific feature called Expose, which shows every open window at once, in miniature form, so you can navigate among them. You can trigger Expose in a number of ways, but the most common is to hit either the F9 key or the dedicated Expose key, depending on your Mac model.
Right-clicking: Contrary to common belief, the Mac has a right-click menu function, just like Windows. Most desktop Macs now come with a mouse that allows right-clicking, and you can use almost any two-button USB mouse with any modern Mac. If you are using a Mac laptop, which has only one button under the track pad, you can simulate a right-click by either holding down the Control key when you click, or by placing two fingers on the track pad while clicking. The latter technique, which I favor, must first be turned on in System Preferences.
Screen: Your desktop picture and screen saver on a Mac are set via a System Preference called Desktop & Screen Saver. Screen resolution is set in the Displays System Preference. In Windows XP, all of these things are included in the Display control panel.
苹果公司(Apple Inc.)Mac电脑销量的增长势头一直明显快于个人电脑的整体销售势头，很多新用户都是使用Windows电脑多年后改用Mac的。因为这个原因，每个月我都能收到读者的许多电子邮件，询问Windows与Mac操作系统使用上的不同。
尽管Windows与Mac的用户界面大体相似，但两者的确在日常使用上存在细微差别，转换操作系统的用户可能需要一定的学习过程。而且，由于Mac用户比Windows用户要少的多，因此和从Mac转到Windows的用户相比，从Windows转用Mac的用户可能不太容易从朋友或同事那里获得相关帮助。
因此，我下面简单介绍一下Windows XP与苹果Mac OS X Leopard操作系统在日常使用方面几个最常见的区别。大多数改用Mac的用户可能都是从Windows XP转到Leopard系统。
本文并不是讨论是否该转用Mac系统，只是希望给那些已经转用系统或是打算这么做的人提供一点帮助。当然，目前所有销售的Mac电脑都可以在使用自身操作系统的同时安装Windows系统及相关程序。但本文针对的是那些打算在Mac电脑上主要使用Leopard而不是Windows操作系统的用户。
菜单栏：在Windows系统中，每个程序通常都有自己的菜单栏。而在Mac系统中，只在屏幕上方设置了一个菜单栏，用于当前处于激活状态的程序；如果程序切换了，菜单也会随之发生变化。
广告任务栏：在Mac系统中，与Windows XP任务栏相对应的是Dock。Windows任务栏显示各种打开窗口的图标，与此不同的是，Mac Dock基本上只显示你最常使用的程序的图标。如果想将程序添加到Dock中，你只需把图标拖进去。同样地，移除该程序也只需要将图标拖出Dock，它就会在一阵动画烟雾中消失。
开始菜单：Mac操作系统上没有开始菜单。这个功能被分散到Dock以及屏幕左上角的Apple菜单中。
控制面板：在Mac操作系统中，相对应Windows控制面板的功能叫System Preferences；你可以从Dock或Apple菜单中启动这一功能。
快捷键：常见的Windows快捷指令，例如按Ctrl+S进行保存、Ctrl+P进行打印以及其他快捷指令，都同样可以在Mac键盘上实现。但是，和Windows使用Control键不同，Mac键盘使用的是Command键；该按键上有一个三叶草标志或苹果标识。因此，在Mac电脑上，按Command+S进行保存。
退出程序：在Windows操作系统中，你可以点击当前窗口右上角的红色X框来退出程序。但在Mac系统中，如果你点击相应的按键──左上角的红色X圆框──你只是关闭了窗口，而没有退出程序。如果要退出程序，你必须在最左边的菜单栏中选择Quit指令，或者按Command+Q键。
最大化窗口：当你在Windows XP系统中点击蓝色的最大化按钮时，当前窗口会占据整个屏幕。在Leopard系统中，相对应的按钮是左上角的绿色圆圈；点击这个按钮可以将小窗口放大到根据内容优化的最佳尺寸，但不一定是全屏。
切换程序：在Windows XP系统中，在运行程序之间切换的常用方法是按Alt+Tab键。电脑会显示每个运行程序的图标，你可以在其中进行切换。在Mac系统中，你可以使用Command+Tab键完成相同的指令。Mac系统还有一个叫做Expose的绝妙功能，它能够以缩影的方式一次显示所有打开的窗口，你可以进行浏览。用户可以通过很多方式激活Expose，但最常用的方式是按F9键或者专用的Expose键，这取决于你的Mac款式。
右键：与人们的普遍看法相反，Mac也有和Windows一样的右键菜单功能。目前大多数台式Mac电脑的鼠标都能进行右键操作，而且你可以在任何当前的Mac电脑上使用几乎所有的两键USB鼠标。如果你使用的是Mac笔记本，其触摸板下面只有一个按钮，你可以在点击这个按钮的同时按下Control键，或者在点击该按钮的时候将两个手指放在触摸板上，同样可以实现右键的功能。我喜欢后面一种方法，但是必须事先通过System Preferences进行设置。
屏幕：在Mac系统中，桌面与屏保是通过System Preference中的Desktop & Screen Saver进行设置的。屏幕分辨率在Displays System Preference中进行设置。而在Windows XP系统中，所有这些设置都包括在控制面板中的显示功能中。
关键字:双语新闻
生词表:
Sales of Apple's Macintosh computers have been growing much faster than PC sales overall, with many new Mac buyers switching from years of using Windows computers. For that reason, every month I get emails from readers asking about the differences in using the Windows and Macintosh operating systems.
While the Windows and Mac user interfaces are broadly similar, they do have subtle variations in day-to-day use that require some re-education for switchers. And because there are so many fewer Mac users than Windows users, help from friends and co-workers can be harder to obtain than it is for people switching the other way, to Windows from Mac.
So, here's a quick tip sheet explaining a few of the most common differences in the daily use of Windows XP, from which most people would be switching, and Apple's Mac OS X Leopard, which switchers would be adopting.
This column isn't an argument for making the switch to a Mac, merely an attempt to help those who have done so, or who are considering doing so. Of course, all Macs currently sold can run Windows and Windows programs concurrently with the Mac operating system. But this guide is for folks who intend to use their Macs primarily with Leopard, not Windows.
Menu Bars: In Windows, each program typically has its own menu bar. On the Mac, there's a single menu bar at the top of the screen that changes, depending on which program you are actively using.
Task Bar: The equivalent of the Windows XP Task Bar on the Mac is the Dock. Unlike the Task Bar, which primarily holds icons representing open windows, the Mac Dock primarily holds icons of programs you use most often. To place a program onto the Dock, you just drag its icon there. To remove it, you just drag its icon off the Dock and it disappears in a puff of animated smoke.
Start Menu: There is no Start Menu on a Mac. Its functions are divided between the Dock and the Apple menu at the upper left of the Mac screen.
Control Panel: The Mac equivalent of the Windows Control Panel is called System Preferences, and it can be launched from either the Dock or the Apple menu.
Keyboard shortcuts: Common Windows keyboard commands, such as Ctrl-S for Save, Ctrl-P for Print, and many others, are also available on the Mac. However, instead of using the Control key, they use the Mac's Command key, which bears either a cloverlike symbol or an Apple logo. So, on the Mac, for instance, Command-S is for Save.
Quitting programs: In Windows, you can quit a program by clicking on the red 'X' in a square at the upper right corner of the window you're using. But on the Mac, if you click on the equivalent button -- a red 'X' in a circle in the upper left corner -- you are merely closing the window, not quitting the program. To quit the program, you must either select Quit from the leftmost menu or press the Command and 'Q' keys together.
Maximizing windows: When you click on the blue maximize button in Windows XP, the window you are viewing occupies the whole screen. In Leopard, the equivalent button -- a green circle at the upper left -- increases a small window's size to a footprint deemed optimal for its contents, which isn't always the whole screen.
Switching programs: One common way to switch among running programs in Windows XP is to press Alt and Tab together. This displays icons of each running program and allows you to switch among them. On a Mac, the same trick can be performed by pressing the Command and Tab keys together. The Mac also has a terrific feature called Expose, which shows every open window at once, in miniature form, so you can navigate among them. You can trigger Expose in a number of ways, but the most common is to hit either the F9 key or the dedicated Expose key, depending on your Mac model.
Right-clicking: Contrary to common belief, the Mac has a right-click menu function, just like Windows. Most desktop Macs now come with a mouse that allows right-clicking, and you can use almost any two-button USB mouse with any modern Mac. If you are using a Mac laptop, which has only one button under the track pad, you can simulate a right-click by either holding down the Control key when you click, or by placing two fingers on the track pad while clicking. The latter technique, which I favor, must first be turned on in System Preferences.
Screen: Your desktop picture and screen saver on a Mac are set via a System Preference called Desktop & Screen Saver. Screen resolution is set in the Displays System Preference. In Windows XP, all of these things are included in the Display control panel.
苹果公司(Apple Inc.)Mac电脑销量的增长势头一直明显快于个人电脑的整体销售势头，很多新用户都是使用Windows电脑多年后改用Mac的。因为这个原因，每个月我都能收到读者的许多电子邮件，询问Windows与Mac操作系统使用上的不同。
尽管Windows与Mac的用户界面大体相似，但两者的确在日常使用上存在细微差别，转换操作系统的用户可能需要一定的学习过程。而且，由于Mac用户比Windows用户要少的多，因此和从Mac转到Windows的用户相比，从Windows转用Mac的用户可能不太容易从朋友或同事那里获得相关帮助。
因此，我下面简单介绍一下Windows XP与苹果Mac OS X Leopard操作系统在日常使用方面几个最常见的区别。大多数改用Mac的用户可能都是从Windows XP转到Leopard系统。
本文并不是讨论是否该转用Mac系统，只是希望给那些已经转用系统或是打算这么做的人提供一点帮助。当然，目前所有销售的Mac电脑都可以在使用自身操作系统的同时安装Windows系统及相关程序。但本文针对的是那些打算在Mac电脑上主要使用Leopard而不是Windows操作系统的用户。
菜单栏：在Windows系统中，每个程序通常都有自己的菜单栏。而在Mac系统中，只在屏幕上方设置了一个菜单栏，用于当前处于激活状态的程序；如果程序切换了，菜单也会随之发生变化。
广告任务栏：在Mac系统中，与Windows XP任务栏相对应的是Dock。Windows任务栏显示各种打开窗口的图标，与此不同的是，Mac Dock基本上只显示你最常使用的程序的图标。如果想将程序添加到Dock中，你只需把图标拖进去。同样地，移除该程序也只需要将图标拖出Dock，它就会在一阵动画烟雾中消失。
开始菜单：Mac操作系统上没有开始菜单。这个功能被分散到Dock以及屏幕左上角的Apple菜单中。
控制面板：在Mac操作系统中，相对应Windows控制面板的功能叫System Preferences；你可以从Dock或Apple菜单中启动这一功能。
快捷键：常见的Windows快捷指令，例如按Ctrl+S进行保存、Ctrl+P进行打印以及其他快捷指令，都同样可以在Mac键盘上实现。但是，和Windows使用Control键不同，Mac键盘使用的是Command键；该按键上有一个三叶草标志或苹果标识。因此，在Mac电脑上，按Command+S进行保存。
退出程序：在Windows操作系统中，你可以点击当前窗口右上角的红色X框来退出程序。但在Mac系统中，如果你点击相应的按键──左上角的红色X圆框──你只是关闭了窗口，而没有退出程序。如果要退出程序，你必须在最左边的菜单栏中选择Quit指令，或者按Command+Q键。
最大化窗口：当你在Windows XP系统中点击蓝色的最大化按钮时，当前窗口会占据整个屏幕。在Leopard系统中，相对应的按钮是左上角的绿色圆圈；点击这个按钮可以将小窗口放大到根据内容优化的最佳尺寸，但不一定是全屏。
切换程序：在Windows XP系统中，在运行程序之间切换的常用方法是按Alt+Tab键。电脑会显示每个运行程序的图标，你可以在其中进行切换。在Mac系统中，你可以使用Command+Tab键完成相同的指令。Mac系统还有一个叫做Expose的绝妙功能，它能够以缩影的方式一次显示所有打开的窗口，你可以进行浏览。用户可以通过很多方式激活Expose，但最常用的方式是按F9键或者专用的Expose键，这取决于你的Mac款式。
右键：与人们的普遍看法相反，Mac也有和Windows一样的右键菜单功能。目前大多数台式Mac电脑的鼠标都能进行右键操作，而且你可以在任何当前的Mac电脑上使用几乎所有的两键USB鼠标。如果你使用的是Mac笔记本，其触摸板下面只有一个按钮，你可以在点击这个按钮的同时按下Control键，或者在点击该按钮的时候将两个手指放在触摸板上，同样可以实现右键的功能。我喜欢后面一种方法，但是必须事先通过System Preferences进行设置。
屏幕：在Mac系统中，桌面与屏保是通过System Preference中的Desktop & Screen Saver进行设置的。屏幕分辨率在Displays System Preference中进行设置。而在Windows XP系统中，所有这些设置都包括在控制面板中的显示功能中。
关键字:双语新闻
生词表:
- broadly [´brɔ:dli]
ad.广，宽；明白；粗鲁 六级词汇 - leopard [´lepəd] n.豹 四级词汇
- considering [kən´sidəriŋ] prep.就...而论 四级词汇
- primarily [´praimərəli, prai´merəli] ad.首先；主要地 四级词汇
- actively [´æktivli] ad.活跃地，积极地 四级词汇
- animated [´ænimeitid] a.栩栩如生的；活跃的 六级词汇
- footprint [´fut,print] n.脚印，足迹 六级词汇
- trigger [´trigə] n.扳机 vt.触发，启动 六级词汇
- holding [´həuldiŋ] n.保持，固定，存储 六级词汇
- technique [tek´ni:k] n.技术；技巧；方法 六级词汇
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