Module 4 (Book 5) 知识点总结
1 mark v/n
v． 留下痕迹，做记号，标志，打分，弄污；使有斑点
He marked the floor with chalk. 他用粉笔在地板上作记号。
She marked her white dress when she sat on the grass.
当她坐在草地上时，把白衣服弄脏了。
The meeting marks a new period in relations between the two party. 这次会议标志着两党关系进入了一个新时期。
The teacher marked all the papers.老师把所有的试卷都评了分。
n. 痕迹，记号，符号，分数
I wonder who made these dirty marks on my new book.
我不知道是谁弄脏了我的新书。
The teacher gave me a good mark for my story.
老师给了我的故事以好的评分。
These red marks show the route.这些红色的符号表示行进路线。
2dress v/n
v． 给……穿衣服，穿衣，装饰，布置
She is too young to dress herself. 她太小了，不会自己穿衣服。
He is dressing a Christmas tree. 他正在装饰圣诞树。
dress up 穿上盛装，乔装打扮
She likes to dress up for a party.
她喜欢打扮得漂漂亮亮的去参加晚会。
be dressed in 穿着
The bride was dressed in white. 新娘穿着一身白色的礼服。
n. 衣服；服装；外衣；礼服；连衣裙；女服
He was wearing a special dress for the ceremony.
他穿了身特别的衣服来参加典礼。
3origin n. 起源, 由来, 开端, 出身
There are several sayings about the origins of life on earth.
关于地球上生命的起源有好几种说法。
original adj. 原始的，最初的，原先的，最早的
Who was the original owner of this house?
谁是这座房子最早的主人？
originate v. 引起, 发明, 发起, 创办
originate in sth originate from/with sb 起自某事物/某人
The optic theory originated with Einstein.
光学理论是爱因斯坦首创的。
The quarrel originated in rivalry between the two families.
这次争吵是两家不合引起的。
4crowd v/n
v. 拥挤；挤；挤满
Shoppers crowded into the store. 买东西的人拥入商店。
Shoppers crowded the street. 买东西的人挤满大街。
n. 群众；人群; 一群人；百姓;一堆
There were crowds of people at the theatre. 剧院里挤满了人。
He pushed his way through the crowd. 他在人群中往前挤。
be crowed with 充满，挤满
The narrow streets are crowded with college students.
狭窄的街道挤满了大学生。
5fun n.(U) 享乐，快乐，娱乐，乐趣
There's no fun in spending the whole evening playing cards.
整个晚上打扑克牌没有意思。
We have lots of fun at the fair today.
我们今天在游乐场上玩得很高兴。
make fun of sb. 同某人开玩笑，取笑某人
It’s bad manners to make fun of the disabled.
取笑残疾人是不礼貌的。
for fun=in fun 开玩笑地，非认真地
I did it just for fun. 我做这件事只为好玩。
funny adj. 好玩的，好笑的，滑稽的，毫无根据的
That is the funniest thing that I have ever heard.
这是我听到的最滑稽的一件事。
6extend v. 扩充, 延伸, 伸展, 扩大 给予, 提供
The headmaster extended our holiday by four days.
校长把我们的假期延长了四天。
He extended his arms in front of him as if he were praying to God. 他向前伸出双臂,好象在向上帝祷告求助。
extend sth to sb=extend sb sth 提供或给予某物
They extended a warm welcome to the Queen.
他们向女王表示热烈欢迎。
extension n. 延长, 扩充, 范围, （电话）分机
extensive adj. 广大的, 广阔的, 广泛的
7on end 直立，竖着，连续地，不断地
It has been snowing for a week on end. 雪已连续下了一周了。
He placed the box on end and sat on it.
他把箱子竖起来，坐在上面。
8pretend vt. 假装, 装扮, (作为藉口或理由)伪称
pretend to do/be 假装做/是……
pretend to be doing 假装正在做……
pretend to have done 假装做完……
He pretended not to know the facts. 他假装不知实情。
He pretended to be reading an important paper when the boss entered. 老板进来时他假装在看一份重要的文件。
He pretended to have finished his homework.
他假装完成了他的家庭作业。
He pretended that he was ill so that he could stay at home.
他假装病了以便能待在家里。
He pretended illness as an excuse. 他佯称有病以为借口。
9in secret= =secretly 秘密地
The girl prepared a gift for her mother in secret.
小女孩偷偷地给妈妈准备了一件礼物。
相关短语：in peace 和平地，平安地 in silence 默不做声地
in surprise 惊奇地 in public 公开地，当众地
They finished their work in silence.
他们默不做声地完成了工作。
10ban v/n
v. 明令禁止，取缔
Smoking is banned in school. 在学校禁止吸烟。
ban sb from sth /doing sth 禁止某人做某事
He was banned from driving for six mouths because of driving drunk. 他因酒后驾车而被禁止驾驶6个月。
n. 禁令（和介词on搭配，表示对……禁止）
There is a ban on smoking. 有一个禁烟令。
11up to 长达（某数量，程度等），直到，能胜任，正在干
He is not up to his job. 他
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