高二英语Unit7 Living with disease知识点总复习教案
Section I 课前准备、听力、口语
1. I can become infected with HIV by swimming in a pool, sitting in a bath.在游泳池里游泳、浴缸里洗澡我会感染艾滋病毒。(p.49 Warming Up ‘AIDS QUIZ’ No.2)
1) infect (1) infect vt.“传染，感染”，常与with连用。如：① The patient infected me with a bad cold. 这病人把重感冒传染给了我。② He infected his wound with disease germs. 他的伤口感染了病菌。
(2) 被动语态be infected with后接“疾病”时，表示“被……感染”；后接“某种思想”时，表示“被…“影响，感化”。如：① The children were an infected with malaria. 孩子们都感染了疟疾。② Be careful not to be infected with flu. 小心别传染上流感。③ When he was in prison, he was infected with all sorts of antisocial ideas. 他在狱中受到各种反动思想的影响。
【拓展】infect sb. with...传染给某人……/ be infected with...被传染上……/ an infected area污染地区/ infect sb. with a theory用理论影响
2) by (1) prep. 表示行为的主语，表示方法、手段或所用的工具，后面可以接动名词作宾语。如：① He makes a living by begging from door to door. 他靠挨门挨户乞讨为生。② A blind man can know what something is like by feeling and touching. 盲人可以通过触摸来 了解某些东西的样子。③ You can make that kind 0f cake by mixing eggs and flour. 把鸡蛋和面粉混合，你就可以做出那种蛋糕。(2) 也可用来引导时间状语，意为“到……时候为止…”“在……时候之前”，句中谓语动词用完成时态。如引导的是过去时间状语，谓语动词用过去完成时；如引导的是将来时间状语，则用将来完成时。如：① By the end of last year, we had learned 1,000 English words.到去年年底为止，我们已学会了1,000个英语单词。② By next Friday, I shall have finished the work. 到下周五，我将完成这项工作。③ Surely Robert must have returned by now.
现在罗伯特肯定已经回来了。
【注意】当谓语动词由be来充当时，多用一般时态。如：By then he was more than fifty years of age. 到那时，他已经五十多岁了。
【拓展】by accident = by chance偶然地 / by means of借助 / 靠by no means绝不，决不 / take...by surprise出其不意 / by oneself单独，独立地 / by the way顺便说 / learn...by heart记熟 / by turns轮流 / by then到那时 / one by one一个一个地 / little by little一点一点地 / by and by不久，过一会儿 / by mistake由于疏忽 / side by side肩并肩 / by far...得多
【辨析】 by；with；in
by通常表示方法或手段，也可以接动名词表示某种手段；/ with表示使用具体的工具；/ in表示所用的原料、材料或途径。如：① The street is lighted by electricity. 街道用电照明。② She saw a strange bird with her own eyes. 她亲眼见到一只怪鸟。③ I filled in an application form in ink. 我用墨水填写的申请表。④ I paid the bill in cash. 我用现金结的账。
【比较】
He likes to write articles in pen／pencil.
He likes to write articles with a pen／pencil.
【注意】在被动语态中，行为者若是无生命的，用by或with均可。如；① The fields are covered by／with snow. 田野被雪覆盖了。② Altogether more than 70 percent of the surface of our planet is covered by water. 地球表面总共有70％多被水覆盖。③ Antarctica is covered with solid thick ice and deep snow. 南极被厚厚的冰雪覆盖。
2. People who have not injected drugs do not need to get tested for HIV. 不注射毒品的人没有必要去做艾滋病毒检测。(p.49 Warming Up ‘AIDS QUIZ’ No.5)
get + 过去分词 (1)“get+过去分词”与“be + 过去分词”用法相近，主要用于 ① 谈论意想不到的、突然的或偶然发生的情况；② 谈论为自己做的事，即自身做的动作而不是被动的动作。如：① I got caught for speeding. 我因超速而被抓住。② Some glasses got broken when we were moving. 我们搬家的时候有些玻璃杯被打碎了。③ Did you get invited to the party? 你被邀请参加舞会了吗?
【短语】get dressed穿衣 / get washed洗脸 / get lost迷路 / get married结婚 / get charged充电 / get separated被分散 (2) get作为系动词，后面可接 adj.，或 n.，意为“成为……”。如：① It's getting darker and darker outside. 屋外天色变得越来越暗。② You'd better take an umbrella with you if you don't want to get wet. 如果不想被淋湿的话，你最好带把伞。③ The boy is getting (to be) a burden to the family. 这个男孩逐渐成为家里的负担。
【拓展】get about = get around／round = spread (消息)传开; get along／on with... 与……相处，进展; get down to开始，着手做; get in = harvest收获; get off下车; get close to接近; get hold of得到，抓住; get in touch with与……取得联系
3. If I had HIV, I would know because I would feel sick. 如果我得了艾滋病我会知道，因为我会感到难受。(p.49 Warming Up ‘AIDS QUIZ’ No.5)
feel的用法
(1) feel是系动词，表示“感觉起来……”，后接形容词作表语，没有被动形式。如：① -- Are you feeling any better? -- Yes，thank you. I feel fine now. －你感觉好点儿吗? －谢谢，我现在觉得很好。② His compliment made her feel good. 他的恭维让她觉得心里很舒服。③I feel sure (=I'm sure) that she will take the job. 我确信她一定会接受那份工作。
【注意】feel well是表示身体上感觉舒服，而feel good是表示精神上的满足，舒服之意。
(2) feel系动词，“摸上去有……的感觉”。如：① A baby's skin feels smooth. 婴儿的皮肤摸起来很光滑。② How cold your hands feel! 你的手怎么这么冰凉。
(3) feel为感官动词，接不定式作宾补时通常省去to，如果to be作宾补时则不省，在被动语态中，宾补的不定式符号to不能省。如：① He felt someone pat him on the shoulder. 他感到有人拍他的肩膀。② They all feel this plan to be important. 他们都感到那个计划很重要。
【辨析
生词表: