09年中考英语虚拟语气精讲5
一、在宾语从句中
1.当主句的谓语动词为“suggest,propose,advise,insist,order,demand,require,request, desire’’等表示“建议”、“命令”、“请求”和“要求”的动词时,其后的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气“should+动词原形”(在美国英语中 should省略)。例如:
I suggest that we(should)hold a meeting tonight.我建议我们今晚开个会。
We advise that steps(should)be taken at once.我们建议要立刻采取措施。
They insisted that he(should)begin the work at once.他们坚持让他立刻开始工作。
He ordered that aU(should)take part in the work.他下令所有的人都要参加这项工作。
另外,当主句动词为“ask,move,urse”等意为 “要求”、 “提议”和“极力主张”时,其宾语从句也常用虚拟语气。例如:
He asked that he be given an opportunity to try.他要求给他一个尝试的机会。
I move that the money be used for books. 我提议把这笔钱用于买书。
They urged that we take action on this matter immediately.他们极力主张我们对这件事立即采取行动。
2.当主句动词为wish,表示“但愿……”,“要是……该多好叼”之意时,其后的宾语从句有以下三种虚拟语气形式。
①动词用过去式来说明与现在的事实相反(BE动词常用were,但有时也可用was)。例如:
1 wish 1 were/Was as strong as you.我要是像你一样强壮就好了。
1 wish l remembered his address.我要是记住他的地址就好了。
有时;为了强调现在状态下能发生某种情况或进行某项动作,从句中的动词也可用过去进行式。例如:
1 wish it wasn’t raining.要是天不下雨就好了。
②动词用过去完成式说明与过去的事实相反。例如:
We wish we had paid more attention to our pronunciation.我们以前要是能更注意我们的发音就好了。
He wished he had stayed at home。他但愿他呆在了家里。
③情态动词“would,could,might”等后接动词原形,表示对将来的希望(通常不用should)。例如:
1 wish he would try again.我希望他再试一下。
We wish he could come.我们希望他能来。
3.在prefer之后的宾语从句中用“should+动词原形”(should可省略)。例如:
We prefer that the plan(should)be fully discussed before being put into execution.我们希望在计划实施之前进行认真的讨论。
4.在would rather之后的宾语从句中,其动词用虚拟语气,表示句子的主语(某人)宁愿让另一人做某事。
①用动词过去式表示现在或将来要做的事。例如:
I’d rather you went home now.我宁愿让你现在就回家。
Don’t come tomorrow.I’d rather you came nextweekend.明天别来,我宁愿你下个周末来。
一Shall l open a window?我开窗行吗? 一I’d rather you didn’t.你最好别开。
②用动词的过去完成式表示过去的动作。
例如:
I’d rather you hadn’t done that.我真希望(宁愿)你没做过那件事。
二、在主语从句中
1.在句型“h is/was+过去分词+that从句”中,当过去分词为“suggested,ordered,desired,insisted, required,demanded,requested,decided,
proposed,urged’’等时,从句中要用“should+动词原形”(should可省略)。例如:
h is desired that everyone(should)get erything ready bY toniShL要求每一个人在今晚之前要将一切准备好。
It is requested that Miss Zhang(should) give a performance at the party.请求张小姐在晚会上表演一个节目。
2.在句型“h is/Was+形容词+that从句”中,当形容词为“important,necessary,strange,natural’’等时,从句中要用“should+动词原形”(should可
省略)。例如:
It is important and necessary that we should master a foreign language.掌握一门外语对我们来说是重要的和必要的。
It is strange that he (should) refuse your help.他竟然拒绝你们的帮助,真奇怪。
3.在句型“h is/was+名词+that从句” 中,当名词为“a pity,a shame,no wonder’等时,从句中要用“should+动词原形”(should可省略)。例如:
It is a great pity that he should be sO selfish。真遗憾,他竟然那么自私。
三、在同位语从句或表语从句中
在名词“suggestion,proposal,idea,plan,order,advice’’等后面的同位语从句或表语从句中,用“should+动词原形”(should可省略)。例如:
I made a proposal that we(should)hold a meeting next week.我提出了我们下个星期开会的建议。(同位语从句)
His suggestion that the meeting(shoald)be held in this room has been accepted.他的关于在这个房间召开会议的建议被采纳了。(同位语从句)
My idea is that we(should)get more people to attend the conference.我的想法是我们多找些人来参加会议。(表语从句)
四、在定语从句中
在句型“h is(high)time+(that)从句”中,谓语须用虚拟语气。用过去式表示现在或将来的意念,意为“现在是该做某事的时候了”。
例如:
h iS(hieh)time(that)we went home.我们该回家了。
五、在状语从句中
1.在假设条件句的if条件从句中
假设条件句一般是由“if引导的条件从句+主句”构成。if从句中的谓语动词要用虚拟语气的形式。if从句的假设可以是与现在事实相反的条件、与过去事实相反的条件或者与将来不太可能成为事实的条件。下面分述表示这三种条件的if从句的结构:
①与现在的事实相反,其句子结构为“If+主语+were/谓语动词的过去式”。例如:
If 1 were you,I shouldn’t do that.如果我是你,就不会做那件事了。
We would gO with you if we had time.如果我们有时间的话,就和你一道去了。
We could ask him if he were here.如果他在这儿,我们就可以问他了。
②与过去的事实相反,其句子结构为“If十主语+谓语动词的过去完成式”。例如:
If he had seen you yesterday,he would have asked you about it如果昨天他见到你,他就会问你那件事了。
If you had come earlier,you would have met him.如果你早点儿来,就会遇到他了。
1 would have called you if I had known your telephone number.如果我知道你的电话号码,就打电话给你了。
③表示
生词表: