酷兔英语

章节正文

Ⅶ"what等引导的从句"作主语时:

  1. 大多作单数用。e.g.

  ①What we need is more practice . 我们需要的是更多的实践。

  ②What he says doesn't agree with what he does . 他言行不一致。

  2.若从句是含复数意义的并列结构、或"表语"是复数时,谓语动词用单数或复数两可。e.g.

  ①What you say and think is /are no business of mine . 你怎么说以及怎么想,不关我的事。

  ②What he bought was /were some books . 他所买的是几本书。

  【就近一致原则(Proximity)】

  也称"邻近原则",即:谓语与靠近的名词、代词(有时不一定是主语)在"人称、数"上一致。

  I.在正式文体中:

  1.由下列词语连接的并列主语:"or ; either ...or;nor; neither...or;whether...or;not...but; not only...but also" ; 等。e.g.

  ①What he does or what he says does not concern me . 他的行为或言谈都与我无关。

  ②Neither you nor I am wrong . 你和我都没错。

  ③Not you but your father is to blame . 不是你,而是你父亲该受责备。

  ④Not only you hut(also) he is wrong .不仅你错了,他也错了。

  2. 在倒装句中:谓语可与后面第一个主语一致。e.g.

  ①In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and the shouts of the people . 在远处,能听见鼓掌声和人们的呼喊声。

  ②There is (are) a pen and some books on the desk .桌上有一支钢笔和几本书。

  II. 非正式文体中:

  有时依"就近一致原则",但也可依"意义一致原则"或严格地依"语法一致原则"。e.g.

  Neither she nor I were there (意义一致) 我和他当时都不在那儿。(非正式)

  Neither she nor I was there .(就近一致)(译文同上句)(正式)

  但是,如果依"就近一致原则"而与其他两项原则相矛盾时,则常常认为是不太合符规范的。e.g.

  No one except his own supporters agree with him .仅他自己的支持者同意他的意见。(依"就近"和"意义"一致的原则;但语法上,"No one "才是主语,谓语要改成"agrees"。"写作中"一般要依"语法一致"原则。
关键字:英语语法
生词表:


文章标签:主谓一致  

章节正文