French Basics
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Consonant and Vowel letters |
French has the same 26-letter alphabet as English, but some letters have some variations (French accents). French has 22 consonant letters, as listed below: b c d f g h j k l m n p q r s t v w x z cedilla çFrench vowel letters: a e i o u y acute é grave à, è, ù circumflex â, ê, î umlaut ä, ë, ï |
French Grammar |
Nouns Gender |
French has two genders: All nouns are either masculine or feminine, for example: chanteur (male singer), chanteuse (female singer) personne (f) (person) professeur (m) (professor) |
French Articles and Pronouns |
ArticlesSingular Plural Masculine feminine Definite Article le la les Indefinite Article un une des Partitive Article du de la desPronouns
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French Verbs |
-er verbs (most cases), -ir verbs, and -re verbs (rare cases) are the three regular verbs. Examples:parler (speak) parlé (spoken) aller (go) allé (gone) arriver (arrive) arrivé (arrived) finir (finish) fini (finished) choisir (choose) choisi (chosen) sortir (go out) sorti (gone out) vendre (sell) vendu (sold) fondre (melt) fondu (melted) descendre (descend) descendu (descended)French verbs have 3 moods: Indicative (l'indicatif) Je suis ici (I am here) Imperative (l'impératif) va ! (go !) Subjunctive (le subjonctif) Vive le roi ! (Long live the king!)In French, there are 10 main verb tenses: 5 simple verb tenses Present (le présent) je vais (I go) Simple past (le passé simple) j'allais (I went) Imperfect (l'imparfait) j'allais (I went) Future (le futur) j'irai (I will go) Conditional (le conditionnel) j'irais (I would go)5 compound verb tenses Passé composé je suis allé (I went/I have gone/I did go) Pluperfect j'étais allé (I had gone) Future perfect je serai allé (I will have gone) Conditional perfect je serais allé (I would have gone ) Past subjunctive que je sois allé (that I had gone)Auxiliary verbs
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