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旧电脑升级Win8的过程非常痛苦

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If you're thinking of upgrading your PC to the new Windows 8, be prepared for hassles and disappointment, especially if the computer is more than a year or two old -- even if it technically meets the basic requirements to run the new version.


如



I know this, because I've spent big chunks of the past week trying to upgrade to Windows 8 two big-name, well-regarded PCs -- a 2008 Lenovo laptop and a 2009 Hewlett-Packard touch-screen desktop. The process was painful, and it resulted in lost capabilities, even though both PCs ran Windows 7 quite well and met the minimum requirements for running Windows 8.


果你正考虑把你的PC电脑升级到新的Windows 8操作系统，那你就等着以麻烦和失望收场吧，对已经用了一两年以上的电脑来说尤其如此──即使它在技术上满足运行新版操作系统的基本要求。



To be sure, people upgrading newer PCs, whose makers anticipated Windows 8 or have software patches ready to accommodate it, will likely have a much better experience. I learned -- too late -- that neither of the computers I was upgrading was on the list of models for which their manufacturers provided such patches. This may be because, in both cases, aspects of their hardware weren't up to snuff for Windows 8's more demanding requirements.


我很清楚这一点，因为过去一周里我花了大量时间试图把两台口碑很好的大品牌PC电脑升级到Windows 8──一台2008年的联想(Lenovo)笔记本和一台2009年的惠普(Hewlett-Packard)触摸屏台式机。升级的过程非常痛苦，结果却是电脑性能下降，尽管两台电脑运行Windows 7时十分顺畅，也满足运行Window 8的最低要求。



For instance, the touch pad on my Lenovo ThinkPad X301 laptop can't be used to scroll in the new tabletlike Start Screen environment in Windows 8 or to perform certain Windows 8 gestures. And, on the HP TouchSmart 300, the touch screen isn't precise or sensitive enough to reliably perform Windows 8's touch gestures every time. Plus the microphone doesn't work. Oh, and to get the HP to stop freezing, I had to perform a procedure that wiped out most of my installed software, including HP and Microsoft programs.


当然，那些给比较新的PC电脑升级的人感受可能会好很多，电脑制造商在生产这些电脑的时候对Windows 8有预期，或者提供针对Windows 8的补丁程序。我后来得知──太晚了──我正在升级的这两台电脑都不在各自的制造商为之提供此类补丁程序的电脑型号之列。可能的原因是，两台电脑在硬件方面都不能理想地满足Windows 8系统更高的要求。



It isn't unusual for somewhat older PCs to be unable to take full advantage of a new version of an operating system. And Windows 8 is a big change. But I was surprised by how hard it was to discover that my two PCs weren't going to be able to fully work with the new system. I assumed Microsoft's installer would let me know, but it didn't.


比如，联想ThinkPad X301笔记本电脑的触控板在Windows 8新的平板电脑式开机界面环境中无法用来翻屏或执行某些Windows 8的操作指令，而惠普TouchSmart 300的触摸屏每次在执行Windows 8的触摸指令时都不够精确和灵敏。哦，为了不让那台惠普死机，我不得不删除了我安装的大部分软件，包括惠普和微软(Microsoft)的程序。



Part of this problem was my fault, I guess. If I had thought to burrow through the Lenovo or HP websites, I might have found that my models weren't considered by their own makers to be fit for upgrading.


旧一点的电脑无法充分发挥新版操作系统的功能，这样的事并不少见，何况Windows 8的变化巨大。但是要发现我的两台PC电脑不能完全有效地运行新版操作系统这一点并不是那么容易，对此我还是感到很意外。我原以为微软的安装程序会告知我这一点，但是它没有。



For instance, HP's information page, at http://bit.ly/SdTCVp, said this about my TouchSmart, after I located and entered its obscure, official product number: 'HP has not tested this PC. For this reason, HP is unable to provide upgrade instructions or Windows 8 drivers. You may lose basic functionality & stability if you try to upgrade.' Alas, I learned this only after I had upgraded.


我想一部分问题在于我的错误。如果当初我想过去查阅联想或惠普的网站，也许就会发现我手里的电脑型号在各自的制造商那里都未被视为适合升级的机器。



A spokeswoman for HP explained: 'With any PC, it's critical that the hardware and software work well together and some older PCs in our portfolio, including the TouchSmart 300 which was introduced in 2009, are simply not able to take advantage of the extensive new features Windows 8 has to offer.'


比如，我在惠普网站模糊输入我的TouchSmart电脑的官方产品编号之后，惠普的信息页面(http://bit.ly/SdTCVp)是这样说的："惠普没有对这款PC进行测试，鉴于此，惠普无法提供升级说明或Windows 8驱动程序。如果你尝试升级，电脑的基本性能和稳定性可能会受损。"唉，我在升级之后才知道这一点。



And a Lenovo spokesman said: 'The X301 is five years old and Lenovo decided not to support it for Windows 8 upgrades. The touch pad hardware really can't support all the features of Windows 8.'


惠普的一名发言人解释说："对于任何PC电脑来说，硬件和软件的良好匹配十分重要。在我们的产品线中，包括2009年入市的一些款型较老的PC机无法用上Windows 8提供的大量新功能。"



Microsoft does offer Upgrade Assistant software that might have warned me of the problems, available at http://bit.ly/SdUxFo. But the box for the Windows 8 Pro DVD I was using only suggested running this utility and checking with the manufacturer's website in tiny type at the bottom of its back cover.


联想的发言人说："X301上市有五年了，联想决定不支持这款机器升级到Windows 8，它的触控板的确不能支持Windows 8的所有功能。"



My problem was that I had too much confidence in Microsoft's Windows 8 installer software. I had expected the installer, which also checks a PC to see if it can handle the new operating system, to tell me if there were key incompatibilities. It found exactly one: the Bluetooth utility in each machine. It told me to uninstall these before proceeding, and I dutifully did so.


微软在http://bit.ly/SdUxFo里的确提供了升级助手(Upgrade Assistant)软件，它本来可以提醒我升级的问题，但是我用的Windows 8 Pro DVD只是在盒子背面底部用很小的字体提示，运行这套程序时要查验制造商的网站。



I asked Microsoft why the installer didn't warn me of the other incompatibilities I ran into, and an official said it simply doesn't know how every model might perform and that's why it recommends users look for the manufacturer's instructions and warnings.


我的问题是我对微软的Windows 8安装软件信任过度。安装程序会检查PC，看看电脑能否运行新的操作系统。我曾指望安装程序告诉我是否有大的不兼容之处，它只发现了一个地方：两台机器中的蓝牙设备。安装程序告诉我，继续安装之前先要卸载这些设备，我照此做了。



Also, I had problems with the installer itself. On the HP, it wouldn't work with either the DVDs or a downloaded version of Windows 8. So I had to transfer the downloaded version to a 4 gigabyte USB flash drive to get it to work. (It requires at least a 3 gigabyte drive.)


我问过微软为什么安装程序没有提示我碰到的其它不兼容情形，一名管理人员说它没法知道每种机型的运行方式，所以安装程序才建议用户查阅电脑制造商的使用说明和提示。



For a limited time, until the end of this month, you can buy an upgrade to Windows 8 for $40 via download or $70 via DVD. This gets you only the high-end Pro version, with added features that let users tap into certain corporate networks. Microsoft hasn't announced the eventual regular pricing, but I expect it to be at least $100 for standard Windows 8, and around $200 for Pro.


安装程序本身在我使用当中也有问题。在惠普机器上，无论是DVD版还是下载版的Windows 8都运行不了。因此我不得不把下载版的系统安装程序转到一个4G的U盘中才能让它运行起来。（安装程序要求驱动器至少达到3G容量。）



The basic requirements for running Windows 8 are a processor running at 1 gigahertz or faster, and at least 1 or 2 gigabytes of memory, depending on whether your PC is a less demanding 32-bit or more demanding 64-bit system (the installer tells you). You'll also need at least 16 or 20 gigabytes of free storage, again depending on whether the PC is 32-bit or 64-bit, and a graphics system that can handle a Microsoft graphics standard called 'DirectX 9 with WDDM driver.'


在本月底之前的这段时间之内，你可以支付40美元从网上下载安装程序，或者花70美元购买DVD版的安装程序，将系统升级到Windows 8。目前你只能将系统升级为高端的专业版(Pro version)，新增的功能可以让用户接入某些公司网络。微软还没有宣布最终的正式定价，但是我预计标准版的Windows 8售价至少为100美元，而专业版售价会在200美元左右。



In my tests on both machines, the actualinstallation took about two hours, but a full workday or more was spent tweaking each machine and getting updates to Windows 8 and its built-in apps. For instance, after the installation seemed done, I discovered I had lost the Wi-Fi Internet connection on both machines and had to temporarily turn off the firewall to restore it and then upgrade my antivirus software.


运行Windows 8的基本要求是拥有速度达到1G或者更快的处理器，内存至少达到1G或者2G，这取决于你的PC是要求较低32位系统还是要求较高的64位系统（安装程序会告诉你）。你还需要有至少16G或20G的自由存储空间，这同样取决于你的电脑是32位还是64位系统，另外还需要有一个能够运行名为"WDDM驱动的DirectX 9"微软图形标准的图形系统。



The problems were worse on the HP, which I had thought would be easier because it's newer and has a touch screen. On the HP, Windows 8 proved so buggy at first that I couldn't even get back to the Start Screen -- home base for the system -- after opening apps and the computer froze up frequently. I was forced to perform a 'Refresh,' a process that reinstalls Windows 8 without erasing your data files, but wipes out all third-party traditional Windows programs except the new-style apps you've bought from Microsoft's online store. This Refresh got my HP running much better -- except for the lost microphone and the inability of the older-style touch screen to work as well as new ones do.


在我对两台机器的测试中，安装系统实际花了大约两个小时时间，但是对每台电脑进行微调并更新Windows 8以及它自带的应用程序却花了整整一个工作日甚至更长时间。比如，在安装看来已经完成之后，我发现两台机器都失去了Wi-Fi接入因特网的功能，我不得不暂时关掉防火 来恢复Wi-Fi连接，然后升级我的杀毒软件。



However, I lost dozens of programs, such as HP's touch software suite, the Google Chrome browser, iTunes, Windows Live Essentials, Firefox and more. So I had to spend more time reinstalling some of these.


我原以为在惠普电脑上升级系统会更容易一些，因为它要新一点，而且拥有触摸屏，结果出现的问题反而更严重。最开始的时候，Windows 8在这台惠普电脑上问题实在太多，以至于我在打开应用程序之后无法回到开机主界面──系统的本垒，电脑频繁死机。我被迫执行"刷新"操作，这个步骤可以重置Windows 8而不清除你的数据文件，但是会清理掉所有传统的第三方Windows程序，只有你在微软的在线商店购买的新款应用程序可以继续运行。这个刷新操作让我手里的惠普运行状况好了很多──只是麦克风的功能会丧失，而且老款的触摸屏用起来不如新款这么顺畅。



In the end, both machines ran Windows 8 pretty quickly, but clumsily. And both started up faster than before.


然而，我还是丢失了很多程序，比如惠普的触摸屏软件套装、谷歌(Google)Chrome浏览器、iTunes、Windows Live Essentials软件包、火狐浏览器(Firefox)等等。因此我不得不花更多的时间来重新安装部分程序。



But there was a penalty: Each machine wound up with 12 to 13 gigabytes less free storage than before. This is mainly because the installer gathers up incompatible files into a special folder called Windows.old. You can delete this folder to recover space, or Windows will delete much of it automatically after 28 days.


最后，两台机器都可以非常快速地运行Windows 8了，不过表现有点拙劣。两台电脑的启动速度较此之前更快了。



The industry really wants you to get Windows 8 via an all-new PC, and most people who adopt it will go that route. But, if you don't, or can't, and have even a three-year-old PC, you may want to just stick with the Windows you've got.


然而为此也付出了代价：两台电脑的自由存储空间最后都比之前少了12G至13G，主要原因是安装程序将不兼容的文件都汇集到一个名为Windows.old的文件夹里。你可以删除这个文件夹来恢复空间，Windows在28天之后也会自动删除其中的很多文件。



Walter S. Mossberg


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