难句的典型结构:
1、长成分(句子的某一成分有很多修饰,很长,超过人眼的视力范围,造成理解上的困难)
1)、长从句做主语、宾语及其他成分
a、主语从句:主语是一个从句构成,使其与谓语相隔较远
b、宾语从句:宾语是一个从句构成,造成与谓语的脱节
2)、长状语:较长的状语,可能是从句构成,也可能是层层修饰的原因
3)、层层修饰:大量的修饰成分叠加
4)、并列成分
2、常见倒装搭配
(1)、及物动词加介词:固定词组的固定搭配中,经常出现倒装情况,如:bring A to B,写作:bring to B A
例:Yet Waltzer's argument , however deficient , does point to one of the most serious weaknesses of capitalism-namely , that it brings to predominant positions in a society people who ,no matter how legitimately they have earned their material rewards , often lack those other qualities that evoke affection or admiration.
类似的情况:throw over , insert into , import into , infer from, establish for , advocate as等。
(2)、及物动词加副词
例:make possible...(单词或者句子)
3、省略的几种情况
(1)、重复的成分
(2)、让步转折的省略:如although (but)
(3)、定语从句引导词的省略which(that)
(4)、定语从句的引导词和系动词同时省略,变成后置定语
如:qualities(such as "the capacity for hard work")
essential in producing wealth
4、短语被分割:如:such as, so that , too to , more than , from
A to B , between A and B
5、多重否定:如:
Despite these vague categories , one should not claim unequivocally that hostility between recognizable classes cannot be legitimately observed .
难句的训练方法:每位学英语的朋友,在阅读的过程中都有可能遇到各式各样的难句,如果一时不能理解,那么把它摘抄下来,以便以后适当的时间仔细的研读,多遍阅读,直到读的很顺为止,古人云书读多遍,其义自现,学英语其实也是这个道理,刚开始积累的难句可能越来越多,当积累了几十句之后,发现豁然开朗,慢慢不懂的句子会越来越少。