第四节

对比题：文章中出现的语言现象--对比关系：

1.极端对比：opposite、on the other hand、on the contrary 肯定出题，黑白分明，适当缩小阅读量，进行猜测可以反推的

2.一般对比：than 、as...as 、the same as ，在文章中出现一般不重要，但在选项中出现就要非常小心，一般都不对。

3. 写作方法题。答题要问What? 能回答，选项是对的。

4.容易出题的地方：转折、例子、灭绝（绝对）



［００１］（读文章之前，心里一定要记住：转折、例子、比较绝的话是出题点，用笔画出来！）

In the world of entertainment, TV talk shows have undoubtedly flooded every inch of space on daytime television. And anyone who watches them regularly knows that each one varies in style and format. But no two shows are more profoundly opposite in content, while at the same time standing out（突出的，显著的：outstanding ） above the rest, than the Jerry Springer and the Oprah Winfrey shows.

注：点名文章讲的脱口秀，而且是JS和OW脱口秀

the rest 其他的，剩余的

Jerry Springer could easily be considered the king of "trash talk(废话)". The topics on his show are as shocking as shocking can be（有as...as，不值得注意，<as A as B，意思是：像B一样A > 能让你有多震惊就有多震惊）. For example, the show takes the ever - common talk show themes of love, sex, cheating, guilt, hate, conflict and morality to a different level. Clearly, the Jerry Springer show is a display and exploitation of society's moral catastrophes (灾难),yet people are willing to eat up the intriguing predicaments(困境) of other people's lives.

注：intrigue 密谋、私通 intriguing 吸引人的，引起兴趣的（别人在嘀嘀咕咕，你当然感兴趣了）

eat up

Like Jerry Springer, Oprah Winfrey takes TV talk show to its extreme, but Oprah goes in the opposite direction. The show focuses on the improvement of society and an individual's quality of life. Topics range from（对应选项的主题） teaching your children responsibility, managing your work weekly, to getting to know your neighbors. （小并列不重要，综合起来就行）

Compared to Oprah, the Jerry Springer show looks like poisonous waste being dumped on society. Jerry ends every show with a "final word". He makes a small speech that sums up the entire moral of the show. Hopefully, this is the part where most people will learn something very valuable.

注：dump（读起来像倒.）倾销，反倾销anti-dump



Clean as it is, the Oprah show is not for everyone. The show's main target audience are middle - class Americans. Most of these people have the time. money, and stability to deal with life's tougher（更加困难的） problems. Jerry Springer, on the other hand, has more of an association with（和...混为一体） the young adults of society. These are 18 - to 21 - year - olds whose main troubles in life involve love, relationship, sex, money and peers（同事、同僚）. They are the ones who see some value and lessons to be learned underneath the show's exploitation.

While the two shows are as different as night and day. both have ruled the talk show circuit for many years now. Each one caters to a different audience while both have a strong following from large groups of fans. Ironically, both could also be considered pioneers in the talk show world.

注：1. circuit圈子

2. ironically具有讽刺意味的（iron铁、熨斗，老有人念错，因此讽刺）



21.Compared with other TV talk shows, both the Jerry Springer and the Oprah Winfrey are______.

A) more family - oriented

B) unusually popular

C) more profound（原文中的词如果特别难，选项中也有就一般不对）

D) relatively formal

注：第一段



22.Though the social problems Jerry Springer talks about appear distasteful, the audience______.

A) remain fascinated（及其着迷的，想fans） by them

B) are ready to face up to them

C) remain indifferent to them

D) are willing to get involved in them

注：第二段eat up，B和D是一回事。



23.Which of the following is likely to be a topic of the Oprah Winfrey show?

A) A new type of robot.

B) Racist hatred.

C) Family budget planning.

D) Street violence.

注：第三段最后举了三个例子。



24.Despite their different approaches, the two talk shows are both________.

A) ironical

B) sensitive

C) instructive （引你进入结构）

D) cynical

注：instructive-in引导+struct结构→有启发的，cynical愤世嫉俗的



25.We can learn from the passage that the two talk shows_______.

A) have monopolized（独占、垄断，〈mon- 一个，独身，如和尚〉） the talk show circuit （时间范围扩大）

B) exploit the weaknesses in human nature

C) appear at different times of the day

D) are targeted at different audiences

注：monopolise垄断，D对应倒数第二段。

［００２］背诵1、2段

To understand the marketing concept, it is only necessary to understand the difference between marketing and selling. Not too many years ago, most industries concentrated primarily on the efficient production of goods, and then relied on "persuasive salesmanship" to move as much of these goods as possible. Such production and selling focuses on the needs of the seller to produce goods and then convert them into money.



Marketing, on the other hand, focuses on the wants of consumers. It begins with first analyzing the preferences and demands of consumers and then producing goods that will satisfy them. This eye-on-the-consumer approach is known as the marketing concept, which simply means that instead of trying to sell whatever is easiest to produce or buy for resale, the makers and dealers first endeavor to find out what the consumer wants to buy and then go about making it available for purchase.

注：第一段说selling，第二段说marketing



This concept does not imply that business is benevolent(慈善的)or that consumer satisfaction is given priority over profit in a company. There are always two sides to every business transaction - the firm and the customer -and each must be satisfied before trade occurs. Successful merchants and producers, however, recognize that the surest route to profit is through understanding and catering to customers. A striking example of the importance of catering to the consumer presented itself in mid-1985, when Coca Cola changed the flavor of its drink. The non-acceptance of the new flavor by a significant portion of the public brought about a promptrestoration of the Classic Coke, which was then marketed alongside the new. King Customer ruled!



26.The marketing concept discussed in the passage is, in essence,_______.

A) the practice of turning goods into money

B) making goods available for purchase

C) the customer - centred approach

D) a form of persuasive salesmanship

注：原文第三段，cater to customer基于客户的，A和B是两者共同特征，D对应第一段selling。



27.What was the main concern of industrialists before the marketing concept was widely accepted?

A) The needs of the market.

B) The efficiency of production.

C) The satisfaction of the user.

D) The preferences of the dealer.

注：第一段第二句。



28.According to the passage, "to move as much of these goods as possible" (Lines 3 -4 , Para. I) means "_______".

A) to sell the largest possible amount of goods

B) to transport goods as efficiently as possible

C) to dispose of these goods in large quantities

D) to redesign these goods for large - scale production



29.What does the restoration of the Classic Coke best illustrate?

A) Traditional goods have a stronger appeal to the majority of people.

B) It takes time for a new product to be accepted by the public.

C) Consumers with conservative tastes are often difficult to please.

D) Products must be designed to suit the taste of the consumer.



30.In discussing the marketing concept, the author focuses on_______.

A) its main characteristic

B) its social impact

C) its possible consequence

D) its theoretical basis

注：写作方法题。答题要问What? 能回答，选项是对的。本文讲市场营销的特点。
关键字:四六级学习资料
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