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Court Life in China-Part5_Issac Taylor Headland(1859-1942)_English Literature(文学名著)-第2页

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considered the whole Boxer movement, for this seems to have been



his plan for getting rid of the foreigners.

But while thus allying herself with the conservatives, the



Empress Dowager did not cut herself off from the progressives. Li

Hung-chang was appointed Viceroy of Kuangtung, Yuan Shih-kai



Governor of Shantung and Tuan Fang of Shensi while Liu Kun-yi,

Chang Chih-tung, and Kuei Chun were kept at their posts, so that



she had all the greatest men of both parties once more in her

service. Then she began sending out edicts, retracting those



issued by Kuang Hsu, and what could be more considerate of the

feelings of the Emperor, or more diplomatic as a state paper than



the following, issued in the name of Kuang Hsu, September 26,

1898.



"Our real desire was to make away with superfluous posts for the

sake of economy: whereas, on the contrary, we find rumours flying



abroad that we intended to change wholesale the customs of the

empire, and, in consequence, innumerable impossible suggestions



of reform have been presented to us. If we allowed this to go on,

none of us would know to what pass matters would come. Hence,



unless we hasten to put our present wishes clearly before all, we

greatly fear that the petty yamen officials and their underlings



will put their own construction on what commands have gone

before, and create a ferment in the midst of the usual calm of



the people. This will indeed be contrary to our desire, and put

our reforms for strengthening and enriching our empire to naught.



"We thereforehereby command that the Supervisorate of

Instruction and other five minor Courts and Boards, which were



recently abolished by us and their duties amalgamated with other

Boards for the sake of economy, etc., be forthwith restored to



their original state and duties, because we have learned that the

process of amalgamation contains many difficulties and will



require too much labour. We think, therefore, it is best that

these offices be not abolished at all, there being no actual



necessity for doing this. As for the provincial bureaus and

official posts ordered to be abolished, the work in this



connection can go on as usual, and the viceroys and governors are

exhorted to work earnestly and diligently in the above duty.



Again as to the edict ordering the establishment of an official

newspaper, the Chinese Progress, and the privilege granted to all



scholars and commoners to memorialize us on reforms, etc., this

was issued in order that a way might be opened by which we could



come into touch with our subjects, high and low. But as we have

also given extra liberty to our censors and high officers to



report to us on all matters pertaining to the people and their

government, any reforms necessary, suggested by these officers,



will be attended to at once by us. Hence we consider that our

former edict allowing all persons to report to us is, for obvious



reasons, superfluous, with the present legitimate machinery at

hand. And we now command that the privilege be withdrawn, and



only the proper officers be permitted to report to us as to what

is going on in our empire. As for the newspaper Chinese Progress,



it is really of no use to the government, while, on the other

hand, it will excite the masses to evil; hence we command the



said paper to be suppressed.

"With regard to the proposed Peking University and the middle



schools in the provincial capitals, they may go on as usual, as

they are a nursery for the perfection of true ability and



talents. But with reference to the lower schools in the

sub-prefectures and districts there need be no compulsion, full



liberty being given to the people thereof to do what they please

in this connection. As for the unofficial Buddhist, Taoist, and



memorial temples which were ordered to be turned into district

schools, etc., so long as these institutions have not broken the



laws by any improper conduct of the inmates, or the deities

worshipped in them are not of the seditious kind, they are hereby



excused from the edict above noted. At the present moment, when

the country is undergoing a crisis of danger and difficulty, we



must be careful of what may be done, or what may not, and select

only such measures as may be really of benefit to the empire."



I submit the above edict to the reader requesting him to study

it, and, if necessary to its understanding, to copy it, and see






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