have slept between its encounters. You did sleep. These men were
strong men, and knew what they wanted. It is
tremendous to watch
the struggle of such resolves. They had their purpose in their
grasp, their teeth were set, their will was iron. They were foot to
foot.
And next morning you saw by the papers that the
secondary, but still
renowned, actor, had succeeded in sharing the
principal honours of
the piece. So uncommonly well had he done, even for him. Then you
understood that, though you had not known it, the tragedian must
have been
beaten in that dialogue. He had suffered himself in an
instant of
weakness, to be stimulated; he had for a moment - only a
moment - got on.
That night was
influential. We may see its results everywhere, and
especially in Shakespeare. Our
tragic stage was always - well,
different, let us say - different from the
tragic stage of Italy and
France. It is now quite
unlike, and
frankly so. The spoilt
tradition of
vitality has been explicitly
abandoned. The
interrupted one waits, no longer with a roving eye, but with
something almost of
dignity, as though he were fulfilling ritual.
Benvolio and Mercutio outlag one another in
hunting after the
leaping Romeo. They call without the slightest
impetus. One can
imagine how the true Mercutio called - certainly not by rote. There
must have been pauses indeed, brief and short-breath'd pauses of
listening for an answer, between every
nickname. But the
nicknames
were quick work. At the Lyceum they were quite an effort of memory:
"Romeo! Humours! Madman! Passion! Lover!"
The
actress of Juliet,
speaking the words of haste, makes her
audience wait to hear them. Nothing more incongruous than Juliet's
harry of
phrase and the
actress's
leisure of phrasing. None act,
none speak, as though there were such a thing as
impulse in a play.
To drop behind is the only idea of arriving. The nurse ceases to be
absurd, for there is no one readier with a reply than she. Or,
rather, her delays are so altered by
exaggeration as to lose touch
with Nature. If it is ill enough to hear haste drawled out, it is
ill, too, to hear slowness out-tarried. The true nurse of
Shakespeare lags with her news because her
ignorant wits are easily
astray, as
lightly caught as though they were light, which they are
not; but the nurse of the stage is never simply
astray: she knows
beforehand how long she means to be, and never, never forgets what
kind of race is the race she is riding. The Juliet of the stage
seems to consider that there is plenty of time for her to discover
which is slain - Tybalt or her husband; she is sure to know some
time; it can wait.
A London success, when you know where it lies, is not difficult to
achieve. Of all things that can be gained by men or women about
their business, there is one thing that can be gained without fear
of
failure. This is time. To gain time requires so little wit
that, except for
competition, every one could be first at the game.
In fact, time gains itself. The actor is really not called upon to
do anything. There is nothing,
accordingly, for which our actors
and
actresses do not rely upon time. For
humour even, when the
humour occurs in
tragedy, they
appeal to time. They give blanks to
their audiences to be filled up.
It might be possible to have tragedies written from
beginning to end
for the service of the present kind of "art." But the tragedies we
have are not so written. And being what they are, it is not
vivacity that they lose by this length of pause, this length of
phrasing, this illimitable tiresomeness; it is life itself. For the
life of a scene conceived directly is its directness; the life of a
scene created simply is its
simplicity. And
simplicity, directness,
impetus,
emotion, nature fall out of the trailing, loose, long
dialogue, like fish from the loose meshes of a net - they fall out,
they drift off, they are lost.
- visible [´vizəbəl] a.可见的;明显的 (初中英语单词)
- apparent [ə´pærənt] a.显然的;表面上的 (初中英语单词)
- instance [´instəns] n.例子,实例,例证 (初中英语单词)
- acting [´æktiŋ] a.代理的 n.演戏 (初中英语单词)
- spoken [´spəukən] speak的过去分词 (初中英语单词)
- italian [i´tæliən] a.意大利 n.意大利人 (初中英语单词)
- moreover [mɔ:´rəuvə] ad.再者,此外,而且 (初中英语单词)
- arrangement [ə´reindʒmənt] n.整理;排列;筹备 (初中英语单词)
- peculiar [pi´kju:liə] a.特有的;奇异的 (初中英语单词)
- dignity [´digniti] n.尊严,尊贵;高官显贵 (初中英语单词)
- intimate [´intimit] a.亲密的 n.知己 (初中英语单词)
- throat [θrəut] n.咽喉;嗓子;出入口 (初中英语单词)
- confusion [kən´fju:ʒən] n.混乱(状态);骚乱 (初中英语单词)
- slavery [´sleivəri] n.奴隶制;奴役 (初中英语单词)
- savage [´sævidʒ] a.野蛮的 n.蛮人 (初中英语单词)
- peasant [´pezənt] n.农民;庄稼人 (初中英语单词)
- absolutely [´æbsəlu:tli] ad.绝对地;确实 (初中英语单词)
- intelligence [in´telidʒəns] n.智力;消息 (初中英语单词)
- sufficiently [sə´fiʃəntli] ad.充分地,足够地 (初中英语单词)
- impression [im´preʃən] n.印刷;印象;效果 (初中英语单词)
- mental [´mentl] a.精神的;心理的 (初中英语单词)
- interruption [intə´rʌpʃ(ə)n] n.停止,中断 (初中英语单词)
- tradition [trə´diʃən] n.传统;惯例;传说 (初中英语单词)
- speaker [´spi:kə] n.演讲人;代言人 (初中英语单词)
- waiting [´weitiŋ] n.等候;伺候 (初中英语单词)
- failure [´feiljə] n.失败;衰竭;破产 (初中英语单词)
- movement [´mu:vmənt] n.活动;运动;动作 (初中英语单词)
- profession [prə´feʃən] n.职业;声明;表白 (初中英语单词)
- retreat [ri´tri:t] v.&n.退却;撤退;放弃 (初中英语单词)
- rejoice [ri´dʒɔis] v.(使)高兴;欢庆 (初中英语单词)
- beaten [´bi:tn] beat 的过去分词 (初中英语单词)
- triumph [´traiəmf] n.胜利 vi.得胜,战胜 (初中英语单词)
- therefore [´ðeəfɔ:] ad.&conj.因此;所以 (初中英语单词)
- prospect [´prɔspekt, prəs´pekt] n.景色;境界 v.勘察 (初中英语单词)
- comparative [kəm´pærətiv] a.比较的 n.匹敌者 (初中英语单词)
- obviously [´ɔbviəsli] ad.明显地;显而易见地 (初中英语单词)
- criticism [´kritisizəm] n.批评;评论(文) (初中英语单词)
- exception [ik´sepʃən] n.例外;反对,异议 (初中英语单词)
- principal [´prinsəpəl] a.主要的 n.负责人 (初中英语单词)
- secondary [´sekəndəri, -deri] a.第二的;次要的 (初中英语单词)
- contest [kən´test, ´kɔntest] v.争辩 n.争夺;竞赛 (初中英语单词)
- deadly [´dedli] a.致命的 ad.死一般地 (初中英语单词)
- tremendous [tri´mendəs] a.可怕的;巨大的 (初中英语单词)
- weakness [´wi:knis] n.虚弱;弱点,缺点 (初中英语单词)
- shakespeare [´ʃeikspiə] n.莎士比亚 (初中英语单词)
- unlike [,ʌn´laik] a.不同的 prep.不象… (初中英语单词)
- frankly [´fræŋkli] ad.直率地;慷慨地 (初中英语单词)
- phrase [freiz] n.短语;词组;措词 (初中英语单词)
- impulse [´impʌls] n.推动(力);冲动;刺激 (初中英语单词)
- ignorant [´ignərənt] a.无知的,愚昧的 (初中英语单词)
- lightly [´laitli] ad.轻微地,稍微 (初中英语单词)
- competition [,kɔmpi´tiʃən] n.比赛;竞争 (初中英语单词)
- accordingly [ə´kɔ:diŋli] ad.因此;从而;依照 (初中英语单词)
- humour [´hju:mə] n.幽默,诙谐 (初中英语单词)
- tragedy [´trædʒidi] n.悲剧;惨案;灾难 (初中英语单词)
- beginning [bi´giniŋ] n.开始,开端;起源 (初中英语单词)
- emotion [i´məuʃən] n.感情;情绪;激动 (初中英语单词)
- needless [´ni:dləs] a.不必要的;无用的 (高中英语单词)
- notable [´nəutəbəl] a.显著的 n.名人 (高中英语单词)
- technical [´teknikəl] a.技术的;专门性的 (高中英语单词)
- nowhere [´nəuweə] n.无处;不知道 (高中英语单词)
- significant [sig´nifikənt] a.重要的;意义重大的 (高中英语单词)
- comprehensive [,kɔmpri´hensiv] a.综合的;理解的 (高中英语单词)
- gravity [´græviti] n.严肃;严重;重力 (高中英语单词)
- singular [´siŋgjulə] a.单一的;非凡的 (高中英语单词)
- retort [ri´tɔ:t] n.&v.报复;反击;反驳 (高中英语单词)
- confession [kən´feʃən] n.招供;认错;交待 (高中英语单词)
- openly [´əupənli] ad.公开地;直率地 (高中英语单词)
- donkey [´dɔŋki] n.驴子;蠢人;顽固的人 (高中英语单词)
- competitor [kəm´petitə] n.竞争者;比赛者 (高中英语单词)
- limited [´limitid] a.有限(制)的 (高中英语单词)
- horseback [´hɔ:sbæk] n.马背 (高中英语单词)
- actress [´æktris] n.女演员 (高中英语单词)
- homage [´hɔmidʒ] n.敬意,尊敬 (高中英语单词)
- symbol [´simbəl] n.符号;象征 (高中英语单词)
- renown [ri´naun] n.名望 vt.使有名望 (高中英语单词)
- influential [,influ´enʃəl] a.有力的,有影响的 (高中英语单词)
- tragic [´trædʒik] a.悲剧的;悲惨的 (高中英语单词)
- leisure [´leʒə] n.空闲;悠闲;安定 (高中英语单词)
- appeal [ə´pi:l] vi.&n.请求;呼吁;上诉 (高中英语单词)
- simplicity [sim´plisiti] n.简单;朴素 (高中英语单词)
- audible [´ɔ:dibəl] a.听得见的 (英语四级单词)
- nationality [,næʃə´næliti] n.国籍;民族 (英语四级单词)
- authentic [ɔ:´θentik] a.真实的;可靠的 (英语四级单词)
- perception [pə´sepʃən] n.感觉;概念;理解力 (英语四级单词)
- carelessness [kɛəlisnis] n.粗心;漫不经心 (英语四级单词)
- intolerable [in´tɔlərəb(ə)l] a.无法忍受的 (英语四级单词)
- vulgar [´vʌlgə] a.粗俗的;大众的 (英语四级单词)
- reluctant [ri´lʌktənt] a.勉强的;难得到的 (英语四级单词)
- subordinate [sə´bɔ:dinət] a.次的,附属的 n.部属 (英语四级单词)
- colleague [´kɔli:g] n.同事,同僚 (英语四级单词)
- indirect [,indi´rekt] a.间接的;迂回的 (英语四级单词)
- theatrical [θi´ætrikəl] a.戏院的;戏剧(性)的 (英语四级单词)
- vitality [vai´tæliti] n.活力;生命力;效力 (英语四级单词)
- astray [ə´strei] ad.&a.在歧途上(的) (英语四级单词)
- inseparable [in´sepərəbəl] a.分不开的 (英语六级单词)
- immunity [i´mju:niti] n.免疫;免除 (英语六级单词)
- elegance [´eligəns] n.优雅;优美;精美 (英语六级单词)
- taking [´teikiŋ] a.迷人的 n.捕获物 (英语六级单词)
- affinity [ə´finiti] n.密切关系;吸引(力) (英语六级单词)
- unfamiliar [ʌnfə´miljə] a.不熟悉的;生疏的 (英语六级单词)
- cudgel [´kʌdʒəl] n.短棍,棒 vt.棒打 (英语六级单词)
- speaking [´spi:kiŋ] n.说话 a.发言的 (英语六级单词)
- abandoned [ə´bændənd] a.被抛弃的;无约束的 (英语六级单词)
- hunting [´hʌntiŋ] n.打猎 (英语六级单词)
- impetus [´impitəs] n.冲力;推进力 (英语六级单词)
- nickname [´nikneim] n.绰号 vt.给…起绰口 (英语六级单词)
- exaggeration [ig,zædʒə´reiʃən] n.夸张,夸大 (英语六级单词)