Aeroplanes have the reputation of being dangerous and even hardened travellers are intimidated by them. They also have the disadvantage of being tan expensive form of transport. But nothing can match them for speed and comfort. Travelling at a height of 30,000 feet, far above the clouds, and at over 500 miles an hour is an exhilarating experience. You do not have to devise ways of taking your mind off the journey, for an aeroplane gets you to your destination rapidly. For a few hours, you settle back in a deep armchair to enjoy the flight. The real escapist can watch a free film show and sip champagne on some services. But even when such refinements are not available, there is plenty to keep you occupied. An aeroplane offers you an unusual and breathtaking view of the world. You soar effortlessly over high mountains and deep valleys. You really see the shape of the land. If the landscape is hidden from view, you can enjoy the extraordinary sight of unbroken cloud plains that stretch out for miles before you, while the sun shines brilliantly in a clear sky. The journey is so smooth that there is nothing to prevent you from reading or sleeping. However you decide to spend your time, one thing is certain: you will arrive at your destination fresh and uncrumpled. You will not have to spend the next few days recovering from a long and arduous journey.



参考译文



出远门的人常常需要决定是走旱路、水路，还是坐飞机。很少有人能够真正喜欢坐几个小时以上的火车。车厢很快就变得拥挤、闷热，想摆脱开旅途的困扰是很难的。看书只能解决部分问题。车轮与铁轨间单调的嘎喳声很快就会送你进入梦乡。白天是忽睡忽醒，到了夜晚，你真想睡了，却很难入睡。即使你走运弄到一个卧铺，夜间有一半时间你会盯着车顶那盏小蓝灯而睡不着觉；要不然就为查票摸索你的车票。一旦抵达目的地，你总是疲惫不堪。乘汽车作长途旅行则更加不舒服，因为连看书都几乎不可能。在公路上还好，你至少能以相当快的速度安全地向前行。但旅行的大部分时间都花在路上，而且只有很少的服务设施，交通也很拥挤。相比之下，坐船旅行或环游可以得到文明世界的各种享受。你可以在甲板上伸展四肢、做游戏，还能也很见到各种有趣的人，能享用各种美味佳肴--当然，这一切只有在大海风平浪静的情况下才有可能。如果大海肆虐起来，你就可能晕船，那种难受劲儿是任何一种别的旅行的方式都不会带来的。即使风平浪静，坐船旅行也要占用很长时间。没有多少人会为享受坐船旅行的乐趣而牺牲假期的时间。



飞机以危险而著称，连老资格的旅行者也怕飞机。飞机另一个缺点是昂贵。但就速度与舒适而言，飞机是无与伦比的。腾云驾雾，在30，000 英尺高空以500英里的时速旅行，这种经历令人心旷神怡。你不必想办法去摆脱旅途的困扰，因为飞机会迅速地把你送到目的地。几小时之内，你躺在扶手椅上，享受着旅途的欢乐。真正会享受的人还可以在某些航班上看一场电影和喝香槟。即使没有这些消遣条件，也总是有事可做。飞机上，你可以观察世界上非同寻常的奇妙的美景。你毫不费劲地飞越高山幽谷，你确能饱览大地的风貌。如果这种景色被遮住了，你可以观赏一下展现在你面前的、一望数英里的、连绵不断的云海，同时阳光灿烂，天空清澈明朗。旅途平稳，丝毫不妨碍你阅读或睡眠。不管你打算如何消磨时间，有件事是可以肯定的，即当你抵达目的地时，你感到精神焕发，毫无倦意，用不着因为漫长的旅途的辛苦而花几天时间休息来恢复精神。



【课文讲解】



People travelling long distances frequently have to decide whether they would prefer to go by land, sea, or air.



现在分词短语修饰people



people who travel long distance frequently



frequently 定期地，经常地 quite often



have to decide== have to make up their mind



would rather; would sooner 要和动词原形搭配



had better do 最好地



would prefer to do



would rather do



hardly + anyone 等不定代词时不倒装，在这相当于nobody; 或 nearly nobody, virtually nobody



You concentrate your mind on the journey itself, nothing can help you to keep away from it.



take your mind off sth 把某人注意力从…转移开



Eg: A holiday can take your mind off your anxiety.



Do keep your mind off your unhappiness.



I can't take my mind off my examination, because examination day is coming.



partial solution == one part of solution



Inevitably you arrive at your destination almost exhausted.



exhausted 在这里是形容词做状语



wear out; tire out; fatigue; knock out 筋疲力尽



Long car journeys are even less pleasant, for it is quite impossible even to read.



The writer emphasizedisadvantage of travelling by train.



Travelling by car is moeunpleasant than travelling in the train.



fairly 的语气是最弱的



more often than not 主要用在书面语言当中，means very often, usually, frequetly



By comparison 通过对比



offer == provide



comforts 在这儿指代service



Be likely to do 有可能……



== it is probable that



could not be + 形容词比较级， can not be +形容词比较级，no… could be 表示"没有什么比…"



Eg: Nobody can be more beautiful than you.



No place can / could be better. 没有什么地方比这儿更好。



relatively 相对来讲



Eg: A large number of people are prepared to sacrifice their higher pay for the privilege of becoming white collar.



Relatively, few people are prepared to sacrifice their holiday time for the dubious pleasure of travelling by sea.



dubious == uncertain == doubtful



paragraph 2



Aeroplanes are famous / well-known for its being dangerous.



have the disadvantage of



have the reputation of



match sb. for



but nothing can be equal to them.



第二部分当中是采用对比法



It is almost impossible to take your mindoff the journey.



You don't have to / needn't devise ways of taking your mind off the journey.



hardly… when



You had hardly had time to feel tired when you arrived at your destination.



on some services 在这里指代on airplane



Keep one's mind off 转移注意力



Keep sb. occupied 集中注意力



however == no matter how



If you can do without the few pleasures of travelling by land, you will find aeroplanes provide up with the best.



Please illustrate the disadvantage and advantage of studying abroad.



at first, you must illustrate your topic



the disadvantage of studying at home.



the disadvantage of studying abroad.



最后通过实例详细论述出国留学的好处。



关于写作：



三段法



第一段：开门见山



中间段：支持段一般是由一段或两段组成，目的是支持论点



每段的开头一句话和最后一句话一定要和主题密切联系。



参见Lesson 41



最主要的方法有三种：对比法，比较法，例证法



结尾段起到的作用是再次肯定和强调主题，加深读者印象。



段落是由主题句，扩展句组成，扩展句之后是具体的例子。



想表达不同的理论概念，要用转折句。



主题句应该要简练，要明确地表达中心思想。



Eg: 1. The discrimination agaist women is very obvious in the world.



2. The discrimination agaist women is especially obvious in the job of marketing.



3. The discrimination agaist women began in 1910.



topic 应为2。



主题句应该具有概括性，但是概括又不能太宽泛。



主题句确立之后，还要进一步利用扩展句为说明解释主题句的内容。



重复使用关键词。



内容要连贯。



衔接词的使用



1． 起 （开篇，引出论点）： at first, first, firstly, in the beginning(起初)， first of all, at present(目前), nowadays, currently, to start with, to begin with ,for one thing(首先), for another(其次), in one hand 一方面， in the other hand 另一方面



2． 承： to start with, at the same time, at any rate无论如何，



besides此外，除了…之外还有，apart from, in addition, in addition to, furthermore,



in fact 事实上，actually, as a matter of fact, in reality , moreover, no doubt, without any doubt,



similarly 同样地， in the same way , meanwhile, in the meantime, obviously明显地，particularly,



such as, for example, for instance, consequently, as a consequence, as a result,



what is more, what is worse, what is better



above all



3．折： after all 毕竟，终究, all the same 虽然，但是， anyway 无论如何, somehow, but, however, nevertheless, nonetheless, by the time 到这个时候，此时，conversely, on the contrary, despite, in spite of , in contempt of, in disregard of, by contrast, by comparison, fortunately, in other words 换句话说，on the other hand, unlike 和……不同，不像, whereas然而，



Eg: He made a mistake, after all he is a child aged 5.



Even though you are not of most help, I'm grateful to you just the same.



I had expected myself to pass the examination, somehow I failed.



I don't have the ability to do the work, fortunately my friends romise me to help me.



4．合： 主要是用来小结上文的或是用作结尾段: accordingly于是，因此，as has been noted (above) 如前所述的，as has been mentioned, as has been talked of,



at last, finally, lastly, at length,



briefly简而言之，in brief, in short, in a word, in conclusion, in sum, in summary, to sum up, to summarize, to conclude, on the whole 总起说来



no doubt 毫无疑问， undoubtedly, truly, certainly, positively, surely, obviously,



Topic 主题



1. 可以使用谚语作为topic



as the saying goes; as proverb goes



2. 定义法



What is advertisement, it is the words or pictures on a media to promote product / the sale of product.



作业：illustrate your opinion about advertisements on media.



3. 可以使用提问法:Lesson 7



illustrate your opinion about friendship



Do you have a good / large circle of friends?



4. 概括法：出现在开头段的首句或末句。



I quite agree with this idea.



5. 间接开头法：先叙述别人的观点，然后引出自己的真实看法。



Eg: People often say that money can buy all the things, but I think it is not true.



读文章时的注意点：



1． 注意结构安排



2． 找出文章关键词



3． 注意每一自然段的段首段尾。



【Vocabulary 】Page 206



cramped and stuffy: not roomy, not sacious,



lacking space, airless lacking space and air



monotonous 单调乏味的 unchanging



lulls: cause to sleep



in snatches: not continuously



destination: terminal



Destination is a place where someone is going.



stretch your legs: have a rest, go for a walk



sarifice : give up for a purpose



【Multiple choice questions】



Comprehension



1. The great disadvantage shared by train and car travel alike is _____ .



a. the fact that one cannot get to sleep on either form of transport



b. the fact that one cannot concentrate on what one is reading



c. the monotony of travelling at fast speeds along railway lines or roads



d. the tedium and discomfort of the journey



The great disadvantage that shared by train and car travel alike as



alike; as well



was adored by the rich and poor alike.



2 An aeroplane journey invariably provides such distractions as _____ .



a. the thought that one has not long to wait before arriving



b. the exhilarating quality of the air one breathes at 30,000 feet



c. being able to watch a film or drink champagne



d. the marvellous views of land or clouds you can see from the plane



distraction 转移注意力



such … as比如……



He can speak such languages as English, Japanese.



背熟题干



3 Having arrived at your destination by air, you will _____ .



a. not feel exhausted as you will have had plenty of sleep



b. feel the expense was worth the comfort and speed of the 500-mile flight



c. have the satisfaction of knowing you could not have got there any faster



d. at least feel fresh though your clothes might be a mass



L44-09 end (44-01) 11'23"



L44-10 begin 10'06"



No forms of transport can be more comfortable and faster than aeroplanes.



Structure



4 People travelling long distances frequently have to decide _____ they would prefer to go by land see or air. (ll.1-2)



a. which b. how c. what d. if



5 If you are _____ a sleeper …(ll.8-9)



a. luckily getting b. lucky and get c. to get luckily d. so lucky to get



★★6 ----and enjoy good food _____ , of course, that the sea is calm. (ll.13-14)



a. provided b. in the event c. in case d. if only



如果内心的期望和事实没有关系，表达"如果"采用的结构形式不是if,不是suppose, 而是providing or provided



Eg: I'll take all the shirts if / provided you reduce the price to $1 each.



7 In addition, it _____ their being the most expensive form of transport. (l.19)



a. has been a grave disadvantage b. is the great disadvantage that



c. is a great disadvantage d. has been the great disadvantage of



in addition 表示承上启下，除此之外还有



如果用apart from, besides, in addition to, 必须和宾语进行搭配。



it是形式主语



It is no use crying. 哭没有用。



It is no use pretending that I didn't see him. 假装没看见他是没有用的了。



Vocabulary



★★★8 If it is not and you are _____ , no form of transport could be worse. (ll.14-15)



a. provably seasick b. bad at sailing c. sick of the sea d. prone to seasickness



If it is not == If it is not calm



be prone to sth. to 在这里是介词。



相当于be likely to do表示极有可能。



During cold winter, we are likely to catch cold.



During cold winter, we are prone to cold.



9 Nothing can _____ aeroplanes for speed and comfort. (ll.19-20)



a. match with b. equal c. equal with d. equal to



match 指大小，色调，形状，性质等相配或相称



10 For a few hours, you _____ a deep armchair to enjoy the flight. (ll.22-23)



a. relax in b. sit up in c. sit on d. install



sit up 不睡觉 = stay up



install 安装，固定



Eg: Let us install a television set on the wall.



11 You can enjoy the extraordinary _____ of unbroken cloud plains … (ll.26-7)



a. scene b. vision c. spectacle d. scenery



spectacle = landscape



scenery 自然风光



scene 场景



12 You won't send the next few days getting _____ a long and arduous journey. (l.30)



a. above b. over c. up from d. away from



get over 从......中恢复过来



Eg: He hasn't got over his wife's death.



He doesn't get over his illness.



get away from 从......逃脱掉。



【Key to Multiple choice questions】



1. D 2. C 3. C 4. D 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. D 9. B 10. A 11. C 12．B

关键字:新概念英语3册笔记

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