酷兔英语

章节正文
文章总共2页


5、引用格言、谚语或习语总结全文

结尾段:Not until then did I understand the meaning of the proverb, "Helping others is the source of happiness."



6、提出问题,无须回答

即形式为问句,而意义是肯定的,具有很明显的强调作用,发人深思。

结尾段:In spite of what we hear, to the contrary, modern doctors deserve the money they earn. If we consider the cost and time of years of schooling they must coop with, the time required as an intern doctor, the cost of equipment they must purchase, and the long hours spent in their offices, is it appropriate they be paid well for their time, knowledge and skills?



课后练习

用指定方式完成下列结尾段:

1、提出建议:

Therefore, to control population growth more strictly is clearly essential to the country's reforms and economic development. We should_______________________

_________________________________________________________________.



2、提出问题:

Therefore, listening and spoken English abilities must be consciously improved. Since the two abilities are such important means of learning and communication, why_____

____________________________________________________________________.



3、引语:

Later risers may find it very hard to get into the habit of early rising. They ought to make special effort to do so. As the English proverb says, "_____________________

_______________________________________________________.



4、展望未来:

Once mastered, English is useful in many ways. You can read English books and other publications; you can talk to a native speaker; you can write a letter to your friend, etc. You can even pay a visit to France or Russia even though you don't know French or Russian, since English___________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________.





第五单元     写作词语运用技巧



段落清楚、句子结构准确和用词得当是高分作文的关键。而写好段落和文章的重要标志就是能否有效地应用词汇来扩展句子。因此词汇是写作的技巧。一般来说词语层次上应掌握以下技巧:

一、用词要凝练简洁

凝练简洁不是说要避免写长句子,而是要在清楚表达意思的同时砍掉那些不必要的词。即凝练简洁不在于句子的长短而取决于是否高效地应用文字来清楚说明问题,使文章通俗易懂。因此,写作时要避免华而不实的词。

比较下列句子:

(1)、

(a)、These congresses are an ideal opportunity for the presentation of the latest development and the promotion of the new products and services on the market.

(b)、These congresses are an ideal opportunity for presenting the latest development and promoting the new products and services on the market.



(2)、

(a)、The reduction of membership fees for all partners will become a reality next year.

(b)、Membership fees will be reduced for all partners next year.



(3)、

(a)、The intensification of our efforts during the year is for the improvement of our overall communication.

(b)、We intensified our efforts during the year to improve our overall communication.



(4)、

(a)、There is often 15 or 30 minutes to be saved by taking one route rather than another to reach the same destination.

(b)、Often 15 or 30 minutes can be saved by taking one route rather than another to reach the same destination.



二、恰当运用介词

  英语中的介词远比中文介词数量多,用途广,而且能和动词构成多种多样的词组。下面看几个句子:



A letter was sent to Bob.

A letter was sent from Bob.

A letter was sent for Bob.

A letter was sent by Bob.



变了一个介词就变了整个句子的意思。所以介词及其短语一向是英语学习的重点。

上一页[1][2][3] [4] [5][6]下一页








三、巧用短语和词组

除了用词不准确之外,有的同学由于词组欠缺,使其文章句子呆板。相反,要想提高写作质量,就必须扩大词组量。



四、熟练运用逻辑连接词语

先后次序关系

First, Second,…at last To start with Next Eventually Afterwards

At last but not the least To end with Finally Seeing…. Since then

To begin with First of all



原因、结果关系

As a result Hence Because of this On account of So…

Being that Due to As a result of… Because Since

In that… So that… For this reason …and so… As

Consequently Owing to… There are about… For Thus

In view of Therefore As a consequence In consequence

Another important factor of… For the reason that…



转折关系

Independent of Even though Even so But

In spite of that Despite that Though But unless

Regardless of However Reckless of And yet Yet…























并列关系

And Also Too As well as Either…,or… Both…and



递进关系

Moreover At the same time In other words Not only…, but also…

In addition In order to do… In this way Further Still

Meanwhile In the first space… On the other hand… Furthermore Even

Moreover In the second place… On the one hand… Accordingly Besides

Not…, but Along this line of consideration As a popular saying goes,…



比较关系

Likewise By doing so When in fact When compared with

Similarly In the same vein Apart from Similarly important

…rather than… In comparison with Compared with By the same token



对比关系

On the contrary Different from this However Contrary to In contrast

As opposed to But on the other hand Conversely While Nevertheless

Opposed to As opposed to this By way of Whereas

举例关系

For instance As regards Such as As to For example

As he explains I will say… Like As for Notably

In particular According to… Namely Stated roughly Including…

Put it simply As you know Consider… You may ask/say



强调关系

Particularly What is more important In particular Moreover

By definition In is certain/sure that… Not to mention… To be true

To be strict Other thing being equal Believe it or not In reality

Especially In fact Indeed





条件关系

Unless If necessary In this sense If If so

If possible If it is the case Provided that… If not all Lest



归纳总结关系

In summary Hence Therefore To conclude In other words

To sum up In brief In short The conclusion can be drawn that…



五、词汇量不足的应急措施

  词汇量不足是影响写作的一个重要因素。一个意思往往会因为一个单词不会而表达不清,一个好的句子也会因为一个词汇想不起来而不能完成。如何应付这种情况使作文顺利进行下去?下面三种简便的应急措施可能对你有所帮助。

1、试用笼统词

  英语中笼统词有have,take等,笼统词的重要特点在于意义广泛、搭配性强、构成词组后可替代众多具体动词。虽然不能精确表达一个动作,却能大致表达意思。举例如下:

1、I experienced a terrible time. = I had a terrible time.

2、I will preside over the meeting. = I will take the meeting.

3、Do you understand my meaning? = Do you take my meaning?

4、They occupied the city. = They took the city.

5、The boy resembles his father. = The boy takes after his father.

2、联想有关词汇

  当遗忘产生时,或遇到未学过的词时,应采取放射性思维,发挥想象力,想出一切与之有关的单词,利用语言的内在联系,多层次多角度的运用语言。一般联想可按照下列思路进行:



①、联想同义词。举例如下:

1、I had a nightmare last night. = I had a bad dream last night.

2、He is stupid. = He is foolish. = He is a fool. = He is silly.

3、The food is delicious. = The food is tasty. = The food tastes good.

4、His temper is nasty. = His temper is terrible. = He has a bad temper.



②、联想反义词。举例如下:

1、He is stubborn. = He is not tame.

2、The knife is blunt. = The knife is not sharp.

3、This is expensive. = This is not cheap.

4、She is talkative. = She is never quiet.



3、使用解释性语句

  语言的功能在于表达,而表达的方式是多种多样的。当一个词影响到某个意思的完整表达时,我们可以用迂回的方式加以沟通。举例如下:

He is a dumb. = He is a person who can not speak.

He refused. = He said "No."

I've never seen such a stubborn person. = I've never seen such a person who never listens to other's advice.



课后练习

完成下列作文题目,注意措词优美。

1、Is Pressure a Bad Thing?

2、If I were a Teacher

3、Fighting against Smoking

4、My Favorite Course

5、How to Spend the Two-day Weekend



第六单元     写作套路



我们知道,文章的结构掌控着文章的全局。作文的内容固然重要,但它离不开结构的衬托。没有结构的内容就犹如一盘散沙,令人无所适从。

以下的套路可以帮助初写者理清思路,使文章不至于离题万里。恰当使用这些套路的关键在于灵活运用而不是生搬硬套。



(一)、My View ON…题型

  公说公有理,婆说婆有理,许多话题永远争论不休。写作常考的就是这种题型。例如:"1、失败是常有的事。2、人们对失败有各种不同的态度。3、我对失败的态度。" "1、有人认为金钱是幸福之本SOURCE OF HAPPINESS。2、也有人认为金钱是万恶之源ROOT OF EVIL。3、我的看法。"等等。下面三种套路可任选一个。



套路一:

People's views/ideas/opinions on……vary from person to person. Some people think that…… They hold this opinion because…… However, others hold that……

As to me, I am in favor of the first/second idea. The following are the reasons of/for my choice/personal inclination.

First, while it is true that……, it doesn't mean that…… Besides/On the other hand, …… Admittedly,…… but this is not to say that……

Therefore/In a word/From things mentioned above, ……





套路二:

Different people may have different views on…… It is held that…… But it is also held that……

Those who hold the first opinion…… In contrast, those who hold the second view……

As to me, I agree with the latter opinion. Admittedly, ……. But this is not to say that……





套路三:

When asked about a theme, different people will offer different opinions…… is no exception. Some people take it for granted/say/think/believe that…… However, others hold that……

As far as I am concerned, I am in favor of the first/second view. The reasons are as follows.

First, there is an element of truth that…… but it doesn't follow that…… A case in point is that…… Therefore, the first view doesn't hold water/cannot bear much analysis/can't stand up to close examination.

In conclusion……



(二)、Advantage and Disadvantage of…题型



事物总是一分为二的。写作题目中有许多是涉及某一事物的正反两方面。比如"运动的积极因素和消极因素","双休日的好处与负作用","新的科技给社会带来的好处与问题"等等。凡涉及到利弊的题目时都可以用下面这个套路。



套路:

Nowadays, …… plays an important part/role in…… Like everything else, ……has/have both favorable and unfavorable aspects. Generally, the advantage can be listed as follows.

First, …… Besides, …… Most important of all, ……

But every coin has two sides. The negative aspects are also apparent. To begin with, …… To make matters worse/worst of all, ……

Through above analysis, I believe that the advantages/positive aspects outweigh the disadvantage/negative ones. Therefore, ……

上一页[1][2][3][4] [5] [6]下一页








(三)、How to…题型

  办法人人都有。你能把你想出的办法一个一个地罗列清楚吗?比如"怎样才能实现绿化","我是如何克服英语学习中的困难的","我怎么为我理想的职业做准备"等等,就可以用到下面这个套路。



套路:

……

Many ways can contribute to solving this serious problem, but the following ones may be most effective. First of all, …… Besides,/Another way to solve the problem of …… is …… Finally, ……

There are not the best and the only two/three measures we can take. But it should be noted that we should take strong actions to ……





















(四)、A or B…题型

  人生面临着许多抉择。这在考试写作中也反映了出来。例如"始终从事一种工作还是经常更换工作","有选择的读书还是博览群书"等。碰到这种"两者选一"的题目,便可运用下列两种套路中的一种。



套路一:

When we/you ……, we/you will be faced with the choice between A and B. Before making the right choice, we/you had better make a close comparison and contrast of them.

First of all, A …… Also, B …… Second, A …… Likewise, B …… Despite their similarities, A and B are also different in the following aspects. First, A …… However, B …… Besides, A …… On the contrary, B ……

Therefore, it depends which …… we/you should choose. If we/you ……, we/you should choose A; but if we/you ……, we/you should turn to B.



套路二:

When we ……, it is inevitable to meet the choice between A and B. We should be regarded as inconsiderate if we rushed our decision without comparing or contrasting them.

First/First of all/To begin with, both A and B …… A …… However, B …… Besides/Moreover/In addition/What's more, A …… However/In contrast/On the contrary/On the other hand, …… Finally, the most striking difference is that A …… while B …… Therefore, it is not difficult to make a right choice now. If we …… we will choose A; but if we …… we will turn to B. In a word, the key lies in ……





(五)、Why…题型

  有因必有果,有果必有因。考试考原因的也很多。比如"为什么自行车在中国这么普及","我为什么参加这份工作"等等。要说明原因或理由,可用如下两种套路的任何一种。



套路一:

…… There are many reasons/causes for ……, But in general, they come down to three major ones. For one thing, …… For another, …… Perhaps the prime reason/cause is that …… From the foregoing, …….



套路二:

There are many factors that may account for/contribute to/responsible for the reason why ……, but the following are the most typical ones. First, …… Besides/Furthermore/Moreover/In addition/What's more, …… Most important of all/Above all, ……

All in all/In conclusion, ……



(六)、套路综合应用

  套路帮助学生写好一种题材的文章,但这并不等于说一种套路只限于一种题材的作文。在实际写作中,我们可以把套路中的句型运用到不同的写作中去,即套路综合应用。





My View on Laying off



There has sprung up a heated discussion as to whether or not laying-off does society good. Many people take it for granted that it is harmful to society that a swelling number of people laid of will give rise to the increasing number of crimes because they are eager for money and even some will commit suicide thinking it is the end of the world.

  However, every coin has two sides. Indeed, laying-off brings us some disadvantages, but it cannot be said that it brings no advantages. For example, when a company lays off a number of people, it means that the company will get more profits than ever. As another instance, if a person laid off wants to get a new job, he ought to learn some kinds of skills for future use. This action will pave the way for success in another line for the laid-off worker. Last but not least, the fact of laying-off may create some types of work which didn't exist previously but which society needs.

  Thus, the conclusion is self-evident. The advantages outweigh the disadvantages. If you have been laid off and are looking for a new job, don't worry. Try the work you have never done. As the saying goes, "Something attempted, something done."





My View on Laying off in China



People's opinions on the problem of unemployment of China wary from person to person. Some people hold that there should not be the phenomenon of unemployment in a socialist country. They hold this idea because they think unemployment is harmful to the labor's benefit, which has always been regarded as a symbol of a socialist country. However, others think that the existence of unemployment is normal. In their opinion, unemployment is not the problem related with social system but with economic system.

As to me, I argue for the latter opinion. There are many reasons I can list but the following may be most important.

First of all, at present, China is on the elementary stage of socialism and its economy is still backward. Besides, China has a large population. Our country cannot offer so many job opportunities to so many people. Last but not least, many people are not fit for the job any longer.

In a word, the problem of unemployment does exist. It is inevitable. What matters is not whether the problem exists but how we should face the problem and solve it.



课后练习

恰当运用文中所述套路完成下列作文

1、EQ and IQ

2、Opportunity and Success

3、My view on Wars

4、Can wealth bring Happiness

5、My view on Students' taking part-time jobs





文章总共2页
文章标签:六级  英语四  技巧  四六级  英语四六级  备考  六级作文  四六级作文  

章节正文