Lesson 68 Persistent纠缠不休

一．单词
1.persistent" target="_blank" title="a.坚持的；固执的">persistent adj坚持的, 固执的
①形容词a.
A.
坚持不懈的;固执的
B.
持续的,持久的
a time of high and persistent" target="_blank" title="a.坚持的；固执的">persistentunemployment.
一个持续的高失业率的时期
C.
反复的,不断的
②persist坚持(不顾阻拦一味的坚持): persist in doing sth
stubborn adj.顽固的, 固执的, 坚定的, 坚决的, 难应付的, 难处理的
You are stubborn你这个死脑筋

2.avoid v避开
及物动词 vt.
A. 避开,躲开
I avoided him as much as possible.
我尽量避开他。
B. 避免[(n./+v-ing)]
They all avoided mentioning that name.
他们都避免提及那名字。
She braked suddenly and avoided an accident.
她紧急刹车,避免了一场车祸。

3.insist v坚持做
①及物动词 vt.
A. 坚持;坚决认为[+(that)]
She insisted that he was wrong.
她坚持认为他错了。
B. 坚决主张;坚决要求[+(that)]
He insisted that we (should) accept these gifts.
他一定要我们收下这些礼物。
Jane insisted that he be present.
珍坚持要他出席。
不及物动词 vi.
A. 坚持,坚决认为;强调[(+on/upon)]
B. 坚决主张;一定要[(+on/upon)]
He insisted on/upon my going with him.
他坚持要我跟他一起去。
I insist on seeing it.
我一定要见到它。

②insist坚持(认为, 说, 是人的一种态度)insist on doing sth
persevere坚持不懈(褒义词) : persevere in
If you persevere with the work, you'll succeed in the end.
你如果把工作坚持下去，最终会取得成功的。

二．课文
1.across :(v)穿过
across(adv/prep)穿过 区别如pass / past , 为词性上的区别

2.it is no use doing...做某件事情是没有用处的
be no use doing sth是肯定的，绝对没错。
例如 It is no use watching too much TV.
看太多电视是没用的
这是固定搭配
所谓的接to do sth，是用在be used to do sth被用来做某事
It is no use trying to persuade him to have a holiday because he is a workaholic.(P53) 其中用了 It's no use doing sth. (做某事没用 / 只是白费力气)句型。在这个句型中， 动词-ing形式trying to persuade him to have a holiday是主语，it 是形式主语。这种动词-ing作主语，it 作形式主语的句型还有：
1. It is no good doing sth. 做某事不好 / 没用 / 不行
2. It's a waste of time / money doing sth. 做某事是白费时间 / 金钱
3. It's fun doing sth. 做某事很有趣
3.用不定式做定语, 修饰anything,
①anything to do: 任何要做的事
anything to eat 可以吃的东西 / anything to drink 可以喝的东西

②anything everything的区别

anything 

A. 任何事情/东西， 可以用在肯定句/否定句/疑问句中。 

如:You can take anything you like. Do you have anything to say? 

There is not anything you like here. 

B.something 的疑问/否定形式。 

如：--Is there anything in the box？ --No nothing. 

He has not anything to do today. 

everything 所有的事情／东西，如：Everything here is all right. 

另外：not anything =nothing ; 而 not everything 并非／不是所有的东西／事情

4.no matter :无论+从句(要以特殊疑问词引导)
No matter how tired you are, your children insisted on listening to stories.

5.prevent sb from doing sth阻止某人做某事, 让某人不做某事
①stop sb from doing sth让某人不做某事
②keep sb from doing sth让某人不做某事(保持不做某事)
③forbid sb to do sth禁止某人做某事

6.-ing的逻辑主语, 有四种形式, 分两大类
①作为代词, 可以用人称代词的宾格, 又可以用形容词性物主代词
②作为名词, 可以保持本身不变, 也可以变成名词所有格
my--me可以互换
would you mind my/me smoking?
would you mind me making myself at home? 你介意我把这儿当成家吗?

7.动名词复合结构 : 由名词所有格或物主代词与动名词构成
①His leaving is a great loss. 他的离去是一个很大的损失
②Mother dislikes my(me) working late. 妈妈不喜欢我工作很迟
③John's having seen her did not make her worried. 约翰已经见到她的事实, 没有让她感到担心
注 : 动名词复合结构多作主语或宾语, 作主语时必须是所有格(名词所有格, 形容词性物主代词), 但作宾语时可以用所有格, 也可用普通格(人称代词宾格)
哪些词后面可以接动词-ing: 介词,某些动词-avoid, enjoy, finish, It is no use, preveent sb from, fancy, imagine, escape, risk, allow等

8.宾语 : 下列动词须跟动名词作宾语
admit, deny, appreciate, enjoy, avoid, complete, delay, fancy, finish, mind, practice, resent, risk, suggest, allow, permit...
insist on doing, persist in doing, persevere in doing, give up doing
特注 :
以allow为例 : allow+doing sth(动名词作宾语), 但可以, allow sb to do sth
(不定式作宾语)
这类动词常见如 : advise, allow, permit, recommend, etc.
practice n-practise v / advice n -- advise v 用法一样: advise sb to do / advise doing

• persuade [pə´sweid] v.(被)说服；使相信 (初中英语单词)
• holiday [´hɔlidi] n.假日，假期，节日 (初中英语单词)
• working [´wə:kiŋ] a.工人的；劳动的 (初中英语单词)
• appreciate [ə´pri:ʃieit] v.评价；珍惜；感激 (初中英语单词)
• advise [əd´vaiz] vt.忠告；建议；通知 (初中英语单词)
• recommend [,rekə´mend] vt.推荐；使受欢迎 (初中英语单词)
• persistent [pə´sistənt] a.坚持的；固执的 (高中英语单词)
• unemployment [,ʌnim´plɔimənt] n.失业；失业人数 (高中英语单词)
• persist [pə´sist] vi.坚持；固执；持续 (高中英语单词)
• seeing [si:iŋ] see的现在分词 n.视觉 (高中英语单词)
• resent [ri´zent] vt.不满于；怨恨；忿恨 (高中英语单词)
• trying [´traiiŋ] a.难堪的；费劲的 (英语四级单词)