压力情境

01-06

It seems that despite the advances humans have made in practically every field and interest, stress and stressful situations can never be completely eliminated. If anything, the faster phase by which humans lead their lives these days only exacerbate the stress.

There are two types of stress. The short-term or acute stress brought about by immediate stressors or factors or the chronic or long-term stress resulting from on-going stressors. The gravity by which a stressor can affect a person all depends on the person's capacity to deal with stress. Some factors may easily stress out one person and not affect another.

External stressors such as the environment may also bring about stress. Internal factors such as intense worry may also affect a person. Some stressful stressors include: hunger, extreme weather conditions, noise, crowding, isolation and hunger. Chronic stress may be the result of long-term abusive relationships, a high-pressure career, financialworries and even high expectations.

Financial worry is one of the most common causes for stress. Financial obligations often cause strain in both the personal and professional life of a person. When a person cannot make ends meet, he often becomes dissatisfied with his life and the kind of work he does. Stressful romantic relationships are also common. Sometimes, relationships do not even have to be abusive to be stressful, just meeting a partner's expectations can cause stress. Being let down causes stress. Even the most well behaved children can occasionally cause strain in the relationships of couples. The divorce of parents may affect children negatively. Sometimes something as tragic as an accident or a loved one's death can cause immediate and long-term stress. Both women and men may struggle with body image, which can cause them to stress.

For acute stress, just avoiding the environment or situation can ease the stress. Being in a crowded, noisy place for example can cause one's blood pressure to slightly increase. But the answer to this problem is simple- avoid noisy and cramped places. For chronic stress such as a highly pressurized work environment, it may not be easy to just quit or walk away. These types of stress need to be dealt with and there are a number of ways to limit the stress or to lower the stress level.

For some just taking a break from the stress can make a great difference. This means taking a short break at work to eat or read. Sometimes a person needs to take a 2-day leave or even a month long vacation to de-stress. Other ways to deal with stress include listening to relaxing music, talking to friends or just watching a feel-good movie. Training one's self to accept disappointments, increase the self-esteem and develop a positiveoutlook in life is also a big help in conquering stressful situations. One of the best ways still to limit the stress in one's life is by leading a healthy lifestyle and exercising regularly. Exercise is known to release endorphins in the body that in turn reduces anxiety and depression.

似乎不论是处在任何领域或行业中的先进者们,都不能完全摆脱各种压力和紧张的境遇.而这种压力在人们的生活中也与日俱增.

压力分为两种类型.短期或急性的压力来自于直接的刺激或因素,而持久或慢性压力则来自于持续进行中的紧张和刺激.刺激的严重性可使得一个人耗费所有精力去解除这些压力.而一些因素导致的压力有时也可在不防碍其他人的情况下把一个人击垮.

一些外部的刺激如环境等因素可以令人产生压力.而例如过度的忧虑等内在因素也可以影响到人们.一些可以令人产生紧迫感的刺激包括:饥饿,极端恶劣的气候, 噪音,拥挤现象,孤立和欲望等.慢性压力则可能源于长期的复杂关系,一种高压职业,财政恐慌,甚至是他人强烈的期望.

财政恐慌是导致压力最普遍的原因之一.财政危机可使得一个人产生个人生活和工作上的双重压力.如果一个人不能做到收支相抵,他就会对自己的生活和所做的工作感到不满.令人产生压力的复杂关系也普遍存在.这种关系会使人产生紧迫感,有时仅仅是为了达到伙伴所期望的结果变可产生压力.而失望也可导致压力的产生.甚至一直表现良好的孩子也会由于父母的关系而产生过度疲劳和紧张.父母的离异会对孩子产生消极影响.有时一些悲剧的发生,如意外事故或爱人的死亡会引起直接的长期压力.另外,男女之间为了极力保持和提升自己的个人形象,也会使他们产生压力.

对于急性压力,仅以改变环境或局势便可逐渐减轻压力的程度.例如,处于拥挤和吵杂的场所会使人的血压升高.然而解决这个问题其实很简单--那就是尽量避免去吵杂和狭窄的地方.而对于长期处在高压工作环境造成的慢性压力,最简单的方法就是离开职位或外出散心.这几种类型的压力待于解决,而且有许多方法可以限制这些压力或减轻压力的程度.

然而,要想真正摆脱这些压力却有很大差别.这就意味着要暂时离开工作而去吃东西或进行阅读和学习.有时一个人需要离开两天甚至是一个月之久去解除压力.还有其它解除压力的方法包括听轻松的音乐,与朋友们交谈或看一部令人愉快的电影.而训练自己承担失望的勇气,提升自信心以及积极地展望生活前景也对战胜窘迫的困境有极大帮助.减轻压力的最行之有效的方法就是采取健康的生活方式并且持之以恒.众所周知,运动就是排解体内有害物质从而缓解忧虑和沮丧最好的方式.
关键字:好文共赏
生词表: