《War And Peace》　Book6 　CHAPTER I
　　　　by Leo Tolstoy

IN THE year 1808 the Emperor Alexander visited Erfurt for another interview
with the Emperor Napoleon; and in the highest Petersburg society a great deal
was said of the great significance of this meeting.

In 1809 the amity between the two sovereigns of the world, as Napoleon and
Alexander used to be called, had become so close that when Napoleon declared war
that year with Austria, a Russian corps crossed the frontier to co-operate with
their old enemy Bonaparte against their old ally, the Austrian Emperor; so close
that in the highest society there was talk of a possible marriage between
Napoleon and one of the sisters of the Emperor Alexander. But, apart from
foreign policy, the attention of Russian society was at that time drawn with
special interest to the internal changes taking place in all departments of the
government.

Life meanwhile, the actual life of men with their real interests of health
and sickness, labour and rest, with their interests of thought, science, poetry,
music, love, affection, hatred, passion, went its way, as always, independently,
apart from the political amity or enmity of Napoleon Bonaparte, and apart from
all possible reforms.

Prince Andrey had spent two years without a break in the country. All those
projects which Pierre had attempted on his estates, and changing continually
from one enterprise to another, had never carried out to any real result-all
those projects had been carried out by Prince Andrey without display to any one
and without any perceptibleexertion. He possessed in the highest degree the
quality Pierre lacked, that practical tenacity which, without fuss or any great
effort on his part, set things in working order.

On one estate of his, three hundred serfs were transformed into free
cultivators (it was one of the first examples in Russia), in others forced
labour was replaced by payment of rent. On Bogutcharovo a trained midwife had
been engaged at his expense to assist the peasant-women in childbirth, and a
priest, at a fixed salary, was teaching the children of the peasants and house
servants to read and write.

Half his time Prince Andrey spent at Bleak Hills with his father and his son,
who was still in the nursery. The other half he passed at his Bogutcharovo
retreat, as his father called his estate. In spite of the indifference to all
the external events of the world that he had shown to Pierre, he studiously
followed them, received many books, and, to his own surprise, when people coming
fresh from Petersburg, the very vortex of life, visited him or his father, he
noticed that those people, in knowledge of all that was passing in home and
foreign politics, were far behind him, though he had never left the
country.

Besides looking after his estates, and much general reading of the most
varied kind, Prince Andrey was busily engaged at this time upon a critical
survey of our two late disastrous campaigns and the composition of a proposal
for reforms in our army rules and regulations.

In the spring of 1809 Prince Andrey set off to visit the Ryazan estates, the
heritage of his son, whose trustee he was.

Warmed by the spring sunshine he sat in the carriage, looking at the first
grass, the first birch leaves and the first flecks of white spring clouds
floating over the bright blue of the sky. He was thinking of nothing, but
looking about him, light-hearted and thoughtless.

They crossed the ford where he had talked with Pierre a year before. They
drove through a muddy village, by threshing floors, and patches of green corn;
down hill by a drift of snow still lying near the bridge, up hill along a clay
road hollowed out by the rain, by strips of stubble-field, with copse turning
green here and there; and drove at last into a birch forest that lay on both
sides of the road. In the forest it was almost hot, the wind could not be felt.
The birches, all studded with sticky, green leaves, did not stir, and
lilac-coloured flowers and the first grass lifted the last year's leaves and
peeped out green from under them. Tiny fir-trees, dotted here and there among
the birches, brought a jarring reminder of winter with their coarse, unchanging
green. The horses neighed as they entered the forest and were visibly
heated.

Pyotr the footman said something to the coachman; the coachman assented. But
apparently the coachman's sympathy was not enough for Pyotr. He turned round on
the box to his master.

"Your excellency, how soft it is!" he said, smiling respectfully.

"Eh?"

"It is soft, your excellency."

"What does he mean?" wondered Prince Andrey. "Oh, the weather, most likely,"
he thought, looking from side to side. "And, indeed, everything's green
already...how soon! And the birch and the wild cherry and the alder beginning to
come out....But I haven't noticed the oak. Yes, here he is, the oak!"

At the edge of the wood stood an oak. Probably ten times the age of the
birch-trees that formed the bulk of the forest, it was ten times the thickness
and twice the height of any birch-tree. It was a huge oak, double a man's span,
with branches broken off, long ago it seemed, and with bark torn off, and seared
with old scars. With its huge, uncouth, gnarled arms and fingers sprawling
unsymmetrically, it stood an aged, angry, and scornful monster among the smiling
birches. Only the few dead-looking, evergreen firs dotted about the forest, and
this oak, refused to yield to the spell of spring, and would see neither spring
nor sunshine.

"Spring and love and happiness!" that oak seemed to say. "Are you not sick of
that ever-same, stupid, and meaningless cheat? Always the same, and always a
cheat! There is no spring, nor sunshine, nor happiness. See yonder stand the
cramped, dead fir-trees, ever the same, and here I have flung my torn and broken
fingers wherever they have grown out of my back or my sides. As they have grown,
so I stand, and I put no faith in your hopes and deceptions."

Prince Andrey looked round several times at that oak as though he expected
something from it. There were flowers and grass under the oak too, but still it
stood, scowling, rigid, weird and grim, among them.

"Yes, he's right, a thousand times right, the old oak," thought Prince
Andrey. "Others, young creatures, may be caught anew by that deception, but we
know life-our life is over!" A whole fresh train of ideas, hopeless, but
mournfully sweet, stirred up in Prince Andrey's soul in connection with that
oak. During this journey he thought over his whole life as it were anew, and
came to the same hopeless but calming conclusion, that it was not for him to
begin anything fresh, that he must live his life, content to do no harm,
dreading nothing and desiring nothing.