【New words and expressions】生词和短语

★reward n 报偿

give sb reward给...报偿(n)

reward sb with sth用...奖赏...

I write sth with a pen.(with 表示 "用" )

reward sb for sth因为...给某人奖赏

...reward him for the first prize

★virtue n 美德

strongpoints 长处, merit优点

shortpoints短处 weak points弱点

★diet n 节食

go on a diet

be on a diet

★forbid v禁止

(pt.forbade / pp.forbidden)

forbid sb to do sth : 禁止某人做某事

allow sb to do允许某人做某事

Forbidden City 紫禁城 (被禁止的城市)

Forbidden fruit 禁果

lost : 一个动词的过去分词可以作为形容词用

broken glass被打破地玻璃

★hurriedly adj 匆忙地

★embarrass v 使尴尬

embarrassing : 令人尴尬地

embarrassed:感到尴尬

sth embarrass sb

you embarrassed me你让我感到尴尬

embarrassment

to my embarrassment让我感到尴尬的

★guiltily adv 内疚地

guiltily conscience 问心有愧 (conscience n.良心, 道德心 )

clear conscience问心无愧

★strict adj 严格的

be strict with sb

my father is strict with me

be strict in sth

★reward v 给奖赏

★occasionally adv 偶而地

on the occasion偶尔

sometimes偶尔

at times偶尔

How often do you visit your parents

off and on偶尔

now and again偶尔

【Text】

Lesson 51 Reward for Virtue 对美德的奖赏

First listen and then answer the question.听录音, 然后回答以下问题.

Why did Hugh's diet not work?

My friend, Hugh, has always been fat, but things got so bad recently that he decided to go on a diet. He began his diet a week ago. First of all, he wrote out a long list of all the foods which were forbidden.The list included most of the things Hugh loves: butter, potatoes,rice, beer, milk, chocolate, and sweets. Yesterday I paid him a visit.I rang the bell and was not surprised to see that Hugh was still as fat as ever. He led me into his room and hurriedly hid a large parcel under his desk. It was obvious that he was very embarrassed. When I asked him what he was doing, he smiled guiltily and then put the parcel on the desk. He explained that his diet was so strict that he had to reward himself occasionally. Then he showed me the contents of the parcel. It contained five large bars of chocolate and three bags of sweets!

参考译文

我的朋友休一直很胖, 但是近来情况变得越发糟糕, 以致他决定节食. 他是一星期前开始节食的. 首先, 他开列了一张长长的单子, 上面列了所有禁吃的食物. 这张单子上的大多数食物都是休喜欢吃的 : 黄油、土豆、米饭、啤酒、牛奶、巧克力和糖果. 昨天我去看望了他. 我按响了门铃. 当看到休仍和往常一样胖时, 我并不感到惊奇. 他把我领进屋, 慌忙把一个大包藏到了桌子下面. 显然他感到很尴尬. 当我问他正干什么时, 他内疚地笑了, 然后把那个大包拿到了桌上. 他解释说, 他的饮食控制得太严格了, 以致不得不偶尔奖赏自己一下. 接着他给我看了包里的东西. 里面装了5大块巧克力和3袋糖果!

【课文讲解】

so.....that......结果状语从句

First of all首先, 首要 (许多事情中首要的, 即最重要的)

at first首先(句型 : at first....., then....... : 起先.......然后.......)

write out 写出

included 在这里课文中不能用contain

contain一定是容器里面装

most of 大部分 fatten : 使某人长胖

pay sb a visit 拜访某人

pay a visit to sb./someplace:拜访某人/某地.

call up sb./at someplace拜访某人/某地

拜访某人但更习惯用pay sb a visit 如 : pay you a visit

have a visit＝visit

as...as ever像往常一样; 如 : as clean as ever as quiet as ever

be surprised to do / be surprised at sth

lead sb into(进门) show sb out(出门) see sb off(送行)

obviously adv ＝ it was obvious that......(it 为形式主语)

【letter writing】书信写作

如果给一个不很熟悉的人写信, 应按如下方式开头 : 亲爱的布朗先生

对对方熟悉, 但是为了表示一种尊重, 也可这么写. 在姓名之后总要加上一个逗号.

Exercise 练习

How would you begin a letter to:your sister,your friend Bill,your employer,your old headmaster?

给下列人写信应如何开头 : 你的姐姐(Dear +姐姐的名字), 你的朋友比尔(Dear Bill), 你的老板(Dear Mr./Mrs. +某人), 你的老校长(Dear Mr./Mrs. +姓).

另 : 在不知道对方性别姓名时 : 如应聘信开头 Dear Sir/Madam,

【Special difficulties】 难点

1、raise及物动词 / rise : 不及物动词, 不能加宾语 : 它们的区别不在于意思, 而在于词性

2、lay : 及物动词 / lie不及物动词 : lay the egg / lie in bed

3、beat后面接对手 win不能接对手 : I beat you.

Exercise 练习

Choose the correct yerbs in the following sentences:

选择正确的动词 :

1 Everybody(raised)(rose)when he entered the room.

2 I have been(laying)(lying)here for half an hour.

3 Mrs.Jones(laid)(lay)the table before breakfast.

4.The aeroplane(raised)(rose)into the air.

5 I'm not very good at chess. He always(wins)(beats) me.

6'Did you(win)(beat)or lose?'I asked.

1 rose 2 lying 3 laid / before breakfast. 不能用 "lay" 因为第三人称单数4 rose 5 beats 有对手 6 win 后面没对手

【Summary writing】 摘要写作

Answer these questions in not more than 65 words.

回答下列问题, 将答案组成一个段落, 不要超过65个单词.

1 Is Hugh fat or not? Has he gone on a diet or not? (so...that)

2 Has he forbidden hinself all the foods he likes,or has he forbidden himself all the foods he does not like?Has he lost weight or not?(but)

3 What did he hide under his desk when the writer visited him yesterday?

4 Did the parcel contain chocolate and sweets,or did it contain biscuits?

5 Why did Hugh say that he had to reward himself occasionally?(because)

【Multiple choice questions】多项选择题

4 How long ago ______his diet?

a.will he begin b.has he begun c. was he beginning d. did he begin

4、answer : D 解题时要求读完句子

注意因为有ago的词, 一定不用完成时, 用一般过去时

11 He was very embarrassed. He felt ______.

a.shy b.shameful c.hot d.uncomfortable

11、felt 是feel的过去式

半联系动词 : be动词

注意以下三类词 :

① 感官动词feel, smell(闻起来 : The food smeel well.), sound(听起来 : The idea sound good.)

② get : 变得, become,

⑶ lie

feel+adj

shy adj. : 害羞的(习惯性的, 在某一种情况下就会作出的反应)

shame n : 羞愧

shameful : 令人羞愧的 : It's shameful.(注意它没有 "-ing" 形式)

Ashamed adj. : 感到羞愧的 : I am ashamed.

hot热的, 恼火的

uncomfortable : 不舒服的, 不放松的

comfortable: 一种自在, 轻松, 放松的概念

ill 生病 : I feel ill.

Terrible 糟透了, 不舒服

多项选择参考答案:

l.(b) 2.(c) 3.(d) 4.(d) 5.(d) 6.(a) 7.(d) 8.(c) 9.(a) 10.(d) ll.(d) 12.(b)


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