Olympic Games Revived
The idea to revive the Olympic Games was suggested in the mid-nineteenth century, and by 1894 the International Olympic Committee (IOC) was formed. Then in 1896 the first modern Olympic Games were held in Athens, Greece.
The modern version of the games involves two competitions; the Summer Olympics and the Winter Olympics. These are separate events which take place in different years and in different locations.
The Summer Olympics is a much bigger competition and includes events such as athletics (or 'track and field'), swimming, diving, boxing, wrestling, cycling, basketball, sailing, rowing, football, hockey, tennis, equestrian, shooting, weightlifting, gymnastics, etc. It occurs every four years.
The Winter Olympics includes events such as skiing, ski jumping, speed skating, figure skating, ice hockey, curling, bob sleigh, etc. The Winter Olympics also occurs every four years (but separated from the Summer Olympics by two years).
Since 1960, the Paralympic Games have been held in the same year as the Olympic Games. The Paralympics are for athletes with physical disabilities, with events ranging from basketball, archery and tennis for wheelchair athletes to swimming and running events for athletes missing one or more limbs. There are both Summer Paralympics and Winter Paralympics, and they are held just after their respective Olympic Games.
十九世纪中叶提出了恢复奥运会的想法，到1894年，国际奥林匹克委员会（IOC）成立。然后在1896年第一届现代奥林匹克运动会在希腊雅典举行。
现代奥运会涉及两场比赛;夏季奥运会和冬季奥运会。这些是在不同年份和不同地点举行的单独活动。
夏季奥运会是一项更大的竞赛，包括田径（或“田径”），潜水，拳击，摔跤，自行车，篮球，帆船，划船，足球，曲棍球，网球，马术，射击，举重等活动，体操等每四年举行一次。
冬季奥运会包括滑雪，跳台滑雪，速度滑冰，花样滑冰，冰球，冰壶，鲍勃雪橇等活动。冬季奥运会也每四年举办一次（但与夏季奥运会相隔两年）。
自1960年以来，残奥会与奥运会同年举行。残奥会适用于身体残疾的运动员，其中包括轮椅运动员的篮球，射箭和网球，以及缺少一个或多个肢体的运动员的游泳和跑步活动。有夏季残奥会和冬季残奥会，它们都是在各自的奥运会之后举行的。
| word | example sentence | meaning |
|---|---|---|
| athletics | Which athletics events did you compete in at school? | 'track and field' events of running, jumping, throwing, etc. |
| bob sleigh | The world record for speed in a bob sleigh is over 200 km per hour. | sport of making timed runs in a sled down a narrow, twisting, iced track |
| curling | Curling involves a lot of strategy, and has even been called 'chess on ice'. | sport similar to bowls in which players slide heavy stones over ice, aiming at a target area |
| cycling | In some cycling events the riders go slow for most of the race, but then sprint at the end. | sport of racing on bicycles |
| diving | Many people love to watch the diving as it's one of the most graceful and beautiful sports. | sport of jumping into water in a stylized manner |
| equestrian | Equestrian events are the only ones in which males and females compete as equals. | of or relating to horseback riding |
| figure skating | Figure skating competitions are scored by a panel of judges. | sport involving the performance of stylized movements while wearing skates on ice |
| football | The type of football played at the Olympics is also called soccer. | team game in which a ball is kicked in order to pass it and score goals; soccer |
| gymnastics | Gymnastics events are scored by a panel of judges. | sport involving the performance of stylized exercises |
| hockey | Hockey is a popular sport in India and Pakistan. | team game in which a ball is a hit with a stick in order to pass it and score goals |
| ice hockey | Ice hockey is popular in North America and in Northern Europe. | team sport similar to hockey, but played in skates on an ice rink |
| International Olympic Committee (IOC) | The IOC organizes both the Summer Olympics and the Winter Olympics. | the group of officials who run the Olympic Games and lead the Olympic Movement |
| revive | The little boy nearly drowned, but he was revived on the beach by a doctor. | to bring someone back to life, or bring something into use again |
| rowing | The rowing events take place on a river far from the main stadium. | sport of racing in rowboats |
| sailing | Most people find the sailing events a little boring to watch. | sport of racing in sailboats |
| shooting | There were 17 shooting events in the 2004 Olympics; 10 for men and 7 for women. | sport of pistol and rifle shooting |
| skiing | Alpine skiing has fast, downhill events while cross-country skiing has slower, long-distance events. | sport of racing over snow on skis |
| ski jumping | Many people think ski jumping is one of the most exciting winter sports. | sport in which contestants ski over a take-off ramp and jump as far as they can |
| speed skating | Speed skating events are staged on an ice-covered oval track 400 metres long. | sport of racing over ice on skates |
| take place | Where will the next competition take place? | to happen; occur |
| track and field | Most track and field events are held in the main Olympic Stadium. | sports events of running, jumping, and throwing |
| weightlifting | There were no Olympic weightlifting events for women until the 2000 Sydney Olympics. | sport in which contestants attempt to lift heavy weights mounted on barbells |
生词表:
a.国际的，世界的 (初中英语单词) n.比赛；竞争 (初中英语单词) n.拳击运动 (初中英语单词) a.物质的；有形的 (初中英语单词) a.奔跑的；流动的 (初中英语单词) a.缺掉的；失踪的 (初中英语单词) v.比赛，竞争，对抗 (初中英语单词) a.优美的，流畅的 (初中英语单词) n.履行；行为；工作 (初中英语单词) n.手枪 vt.用手枪射击 (初中英语单词) v.(使)苏醒；(使)振奋 (高中英语单词) n.雅典 (高中英语单词) n.网球(运动) (高中英语单词) n.马背 (高中英语单词) n.翻译；说明；译本 (英语四级单词) n.体育(运动)；竞技 (英语四级单词) n.雪橇 vi.坐雪橇 (英语四级单词) a.各自的，各个的 (英语四级单词) n.兵法；战略 (英语六级单词) n.悉尼 (英语六级单词)
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