Units 1-2 (B2)
【知识网络】
一、重点词汇与短语
1. observe
（1）. observe后可接名词作宾语, 也可接that从句, 它还是个感官动词, 可以说observe sb do/doing sth, 被动结构为be observed to do. 例如:
As a child, he liked to observe the behaviour of insects.
他小时候喜欢观察昆虫的习性. (接名词)
I spent some time observing their customs.
我花了一些时间观察它们的生活习惯. (接名词)
She observed a man walking/walk on the opposite side of the way.
她看到一个人在路那边走着. (接复合宾语)
They were observed entering the hall.
有人看见他们走进大厅去了. (接现在分词)
The woman was observed to follow him closely.
有人看到那女子紧跟着他. (被动语态中接带to的不定式)
He observed someone open the door.
他看见有人开门. (接复合宾语)
The boy observed what is going on between them.
这男孩子注意到他们之间发生的情况. (接从句)
（2）. 在正式文体中, observe还有 “遵守; 应祝”的意思. 例如:
We must observe these principles in our action.
在行动上我们必须遵循这些原则.
Do you observe Christmas in you country?
你们国家过圣诞节吗?
（3）.习语: the observed of all observers众矢之的
（4）.近义词: watch v.观察
2. seek
（1）. seek可用作及物动词, 也可用作不及物动词. 用作不及物动词时, 后常接介词for或after. 例如:
Most men seek wealth; all men seek happiness.
大多数人寻求财富; 每个人都追求幸福.
He seeks your advice.
他请求你给他一些忠告.
Young people like to seek (after/for) success in life.
年轻人喜欢探索人生的成功之途
The explanation is not far to seek.
这种解释不难理解.
（2）. 习语: seek out搜出; 挑出.
seek help求助
seek one’s fortune碰运气
seek one’s home回家
seek one’s bed就寝
seek after/ for探索
seek through找遍
（3）. 近义词: explore v. 探索
3． addict
（1）. addict是名词, 表示因吸毒或饮酒等 “有瘾的人”, 或对某事有强烈兴趣的人, 是可数名词.
例如：
Many heroin addicts have contracted ALDS.
许多吸食海洛因的人感染了艾滋病.
His brother is a football addict
他的弟弟是个足球迷
（2）. Addicted[ ]是其形容词, 常用于be addicted to sth结构中, 表示 “沉溺于……”. 在句中作表语, 不能作定语修饰名词.
例如:
He was addicted to drug.
他吸毒成瘾
Her sister is addicted to TV soap operas.
她妹妹沉迷于电视连续剧
4．concern
（1） concern作动词, 表示 “担心”的意思时, 常与about/for连用, 也可以跟that从句.
例如:
I was much concerned about her.
我很担心她.
We’re all concerned for her safety.
我们都为她的安全担心.
I’m concerned that they may have got lost.
我担心他们可能迷路.
（2）. concern作名词, 意思是 “关怀; 关心”.
例如:
He didn’t show much concern about it
他对此不是很关心.
（3）习语: be concerned with与……有牵连
be concerned about/for 关心; 担心
二、词义辨析
1．instead of, in place of和in spite of的区别
（1）. instead of是短语介词, 表示 “代替”的意义时, 还含有 “对比”的意思, 译成汉语时, “代替”两词不一定译出. instead of常常和in place of互相使用, 其后常可用名词, 代词, 动名词.
例如:
If you have no time, I’ll go instead of/in place of you.
如果你没有时间, 我愿替你去.
We use plastics instead of/in place of iron.
我们用塑料代替铁.
（2）.有时候instead of还能起连词作用, 常译为 “反而; 而不”.
例如:
Things will be better instead of worse.
事情将更好而不会更糟.
（3）. in spite of是 “不管; 不顾; 尽管” 的意思, 后跟名词或名词短语.
例如:
In spite of all his efforts he failed
他已竭尽全力, 但仍然失败了.
They went out in spite of rain
尽管下着雨, 他们还是出去了.
observe, notice, look, see, watch, stare, glare和glance的区别
（1）. observe是及物动词, 意为watch carefully, see and notice, 表示 “观察; 注意地看; 仔细地看”等意思.
例如:
I spent some time observing their customs.
我花了一些时间观察它们的生活习惯.
（2）. notice也是及物动词, 意为pay attention (to) with wyes, 表示 “注意到”的意思.
例如:
I noticed him enter the office.
我看到他走进办公室.
（3）. look; watch; try to see指有意识地使视线对着某物, 强调动作. look是不及物动词, 如跟宾语, 要和at连用, 强调注意的是其后的宾语.
例如:
The old lady was looking at him from head to foot.
这位老妇人从头到脚地看着他.
I am looking at the boy.
我注视着这孩子.
（4）. see强调结果, 意为 “看见; 看到” (notice sb/sth with one’s eyes); 强调结果.
例如:
I looked but saw nothing.
我看了, 但什么也没看见.
（5）. watch侧重所看事物的变化, 移动和发展(to look at something which is happening),
生词表: