Unit 2 Healthy eating
Part 1: Teaching Design
（第一部分：教学设计）


Period 2: A sample lesson plan for Learning about Language
(Modal verbs: ought to / ought not to / have to / don’t have to / mustn’t / needn’t)
Aims
To learn about Modal verbs: ought to / ought not to / have to / don’t have to / mustn’t / needn’t
To discover and learn to use some useful words and expressions
To discover and learn to use some useful structures
Procedures
I. Warming up
Warming up reading aloud the text COME AND EAT HERE (1)
We promotereading aloud to students and by students in order to encourage a love of English books and a desire to become a fluent English speaker. So Read aloud the text before we learn about the grammar.
II. Discovering useful words and expressions
In pairs do the exercises 1, 2 and 3 on pages 11 and 12. You must finish them in 5 minutes.
III. Learning about grammar
1. Read and identify
Read the text COME AND EAT HERE (1), discovering all the sentences which contain any of the modal verbs: ought to / ought not to / have to / don’t have to / mustn’t / needn’t.
2. Consolidating by doing exercises
To consolidate your understanding you will be given 10 minutes to go over exercises 1,2 and 3 on pages 12 and 13. You may just write in your text book. I mean the student’s book you are working by.
IV. Ready used materials for Modal verbs: ought to / ought not to / have to / don’t have to / mustn’t / needn’t
1. What are Modal Verbs?
Modal auxiliary verbs help other verbs express a meaning or an idea but have no meaning by themselves. In English, modal auxiliary verbs are defective; for example, they do not have participle forms (no -ing or -ed endings).
They are used in a variety of grammatical moods such as the conditional mood, which expresses uncertainty ("I would be delighted if you came to my party").
Modal auxiliary verbs are special verbs which behave very differently from normal verbs. Next are some important differences.
2. Modal verbs do not take "-s" in the third person.
EXAMPLES:
He can speak Chinese.
She should be here by 9:00.
3. You use "not" to make modal verbs negative, even in Simple Present and Simple Past.
EXAMPLES:
He should not be late.
They might not come to the party.
4. Many modal verbs cannot be used in the past tenses or the future tenses.
EXAMPLES:
He will can go with us.  NOT CORRECT
She musted study very hard.  NOT CORRECT
5. Common Modal Verbs:
Can
Could
May
Might
Must
Ought to
Shall
Should
Will
Would
V. Closing down by doing a quiz
Modals and Related Expressions
1. Ted's flight from Amsterdam took more than 11 hours. He_____ be exhausted after such a long flight.
A. must B. can C. had better
2. The book is optional. My professor said we could read it if we needed extra credit. But we _____ read it if we don't want to.
A. can not B. must not C. don't have to
3. Susan_____ hear the speaker because the crowd was cheering so loudly.
A. couldn't B. can't C. might not
4. The television isn't working. It ______ damaged during the move.
A. must have been B. must C. must be
5. A_____ hold your breath for more than a minute?
B: No, I can't.
A. Are you able to B. Might you C. Can you
6. You _____ be rich to be a success. Some of the most successful people I know haven't got a penny to their name.
A. can't B. don't have to C. shouldn't
7. I've redone this math problem at least twenty times, but my answer is wrong according to the answer key. The answer in the book _____ be wrong!
A. have to B. must C. should
8. You _____ do the job if you didn't speak Japanese fluently.
A. can't B. won't be able to C. couldn't
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