Unit 7 Living with diseases
1、词汇
1. persuade v. cause (sb) by reasoning (to do sth)
persuade 的意思时“说服”，否则与try 连用
e.g. (1). We persuaded him to stop smoking.
(2). We tried to persuade him, but he wouldn’t listen to us.
persuade sb 说服某人
e.g. He has persuaded his friend.
persuade sb to do sth 说服某人做某事
e.g. I’ll persuade her to go with you.
persuade sb into （doing） sth: cause sb to do sth
e.g. Tom couldn’t persuade Tommy into accepting his terms. 汤姆没能说服汤米接受他的条件。
persuade sb out of （doing）sth：cause sb to stop doing sth
e.g. I persuaded him out of the idea of dropping the experiment. 我劝他打消了中断实验的念头。
2. lack n. (常与of连用)want, need, shortage
e.g. There is no lack of vegetables.
It was lack of current capital that defeated their business. 由于缺少流动资本，他们的企业宣告失败。
vt. & vi. not have; have less than enough of
e.g. He lacks courage.
These photographs lack definition. You’d better have them taken again. 这些照片不够清晰，你最好重拍。
be lacking in sth: not have enough of it
e.g. He is lacking in courage. = He lacks courage.
be lacking: be in short supply
e.g. Money was lacking for the plan. = There was no money for the plan.
3. contrary adj. opposite ( in nature or tendency)
e.g. The boy was swimming in a direction contrary to the current. 那个男孩逆流游去。
adv. (常与to连用) against
e.g. He passed the examination, contrary to what I expected. 他考试及格了，和我预料的情况相反。
n. (前面与the连用) opposite
e.g. ---You must be tired. 你一定很累了。
---On the contrary, I feel wide awake. 相反，我觉得很清醒。
4. infect vt. give disease, feelings, ideas, to a person, his body or mind
e.g. One of the boys in the class had a fever and he soon infected other children.
She infected the whole class with her laughter 她的笑声感染了全班同学。
5. available adj. ①. (of objects) able to be used
②. (of persons) able to be present
e.g. I’m sorry, those overcoats are not available in your colour and size. 对不起，这种外套没有你要的颜色和尺码。
Attention, please. These tickets are available on (the) day of issue only. 请注意，这种车票仅在发售当天有效。
The lawyer is not available now. 律师现在没空。
Are you available for a meeting tomorrow morning? 你明天上午能出席会议吗？
6. limit n. line or point that may not or can not be passed; greatest or smallest amount, degree, etc of what is possible
e.g. There is a limit to the amount of money I can afford. 我能付得起的钱数是有限的。
The speed limit is the fastest speed you are allowed to drive a car at. 限速是允许驾车的最快速度。
vt. (与to连用) put a limit or limits to; be the limit of
e.g. My mother limits the amount of food that I eat. 我妈妈限制我的饭量。
二. 重难点解析
Reading:
1.AIDS is a disease that breaks down the body’s immune system and leaves a person defenseless against infections and illnesses.
break down 毁掉; 制服; 压倒; 停顿; 倒塌; 中止; 垮掉; 分解
e.g Chemicals in the body break our food down into useful substances. 人体中的化学元素把食物分解成有用的物质。
The robbers broke the door down. 强盗们把门砸开了。
The peace talks are said to have broken down. 据说和谈破裂了。
Our truck broke down outside town. 我们的卡车在城外抛锚了。
The car broke down halfway to the camp. 我们的车在去营地的半路上抛锚了。
常用搭配：
break away 逃走；逃脱
e.g. The robberysuspect broke away from the lockup. 抢劫嫌疑犯从拘留所逃脱了。
break in 闯入；强行进入；打断；插嘴
e.g. It’s her usual habit to break in with some ideas of her own. 她常常打断别人的话来发表自己的观点。
The telephone ring broke in on/upon my thought. 电话铃声打断了我的思路。
break into 闯入
e.g. The thieves broke into the office and stole some money. 小偷闯入办公室，偷了一些钱。
break out 爆发
e.g. The fire broke out in the kitchen. 厨房突然发生了火灾。
World War II broke out in 1939. 1939年爆发了第二次世界大战。
break through 突破
e.g. After the storm the sun broke through the clouds. 风暴过后太阳冲破了云层。
break up 分裂；结束；解散
e.g. The crowd started to break up when the night fell. 天快黑时人群开始散开了。
The ice will break up when the warm weather comes. 天气转暖，
生词表: