Unit 12 Fact and fantasy
Part1 Words and expressions
1.distance n.距离；远离，远方，远景，遥远
词组扩展：go the distance 继续跑完全程 in the distance 在远方 keep one’s distance from sb/sth与某人某物保持距离 keep sb. at a distance 不愿与某人亲近
I would keep my distance from that dog, if I were you! 如果我是你，我就离那条狗远点。
I could see the bus coming in the distance.我看见汽车从远处开来了。
相关链接：adj. distant 远离的，遥远的 （注意： 实际距离+distant 可做状语，表语或后置定语）
There was a house about two miles distant.两英里外有一个房子。
2.foundation n. 基础，根本，建立，创立，基金，基金会
He laid the foundations of his success by studying and working hard.他以读书和勤劳奠定了成功的基础。
The Gulbenkian Foundation gives money to help artists.古尔班钦基金会给艺术家以资助。
相关链接：foundation 作“创建”解是不可数名词，作“地基，基础”解是可数名词。
The foundation of a nursing home is her wish.创办一所疗养院是她的希望。
to lay the foundations of a new hospital 新医院奠基
3.collision n. 碰撞，冲撞；互撞事件
I saw a collision of a bus with a car.我看到公共和小汽车相撞。
Thirty people were killed in a collision on the railway yesterday.昨天火车相撞，死了三十人。
相关链接：in a collision 在冲突/碰撞中 through a collision with 因与……相撞 avoid a collision with…避免与……冲突 come into collision with…与……冲突，抵触
Their interests comes into collision with ours.他们的利益与我们的冲突。
The ship sank through a collision with an oil tanker.这条船因与油轮相撞而沉没。
4.overboard adv. 自船上落下，在船外；向船外；落水
He fell overboard. 他从船上掉入水中。
go overboard for/about 着迷；狂热的追求
throw overboard 摆脱；放弃；丢在船外；丢在水中
After losing the election, they threw their leader overboard.
在选举失败后，他们罢免了他们的领导。
5.submarine n. 潜水艇，潜艇 adj. 海生的，海中的，水下的，海底的
a submarine cable 海底电缆 submarineexploration 海中探测
6.fiction (1) 小说 （不可数名词） He writes fiction.他是写小说的。
(2) 虚构之事，想象 （可数名词）
His testimony was a complete fiction.他的证词全是虚构的。
7.gentle adj. 温和的；文雅的；柔和的；高尚的；出生高贵的
Her gentle manner was comforting.她和蔼的态度使人感到安慰。
Mothers are gentle with their babies.母亲对待孩子总是温柔体贴的。
相关链接：gently 温柔地，gentleman 绅士 gentleness n.温和
gentle manners 文雅的举止 a gentle wind 和风 a gentle voice/ smile柔和的声音/微笑
8.marble n.大理石(U)，大理石制品(pl. marbles)， 理智，普通常识
The monument is carved in marble.这个纪念碑是用大理石刻成的。
These steps are made of marble.这些台阶是大理石的。
相关链接：
have all one’s marbles 很聪明，很有头脑 lose one’s marbles失去理智，气疯了
9.throw light on / upon 提供线索，使清楚起来
The information throws light on / upon the mystery of the President’s death.
这消息给弄清楚总统神秘之死提供了线索。
Illustrations threw light upon the text. 插图有助于理解正文。
10.labour（labor）n. 劳动；工人；劳动力,努力
skilled labor 技术工人 tired after one’s labors 工作之后的疲劳
vi./vt. 劳动，干活，工作，努力做
He is labouring in the fields.他正在田里干活。
We must labor for a better future. 我们应为更加美好的未来而努力。
相关链接：Labour Day 劳动节 labour reform 劳动改造
思维拓展
labor vi. 劳动；工作；努力做。例如：
labor for a better future为更加美好的未来而努力
labor to do 努力去做
11.hesitate vi. 犹豫，踌躇
hesitate at / over / about / in
hesitate to do sth.不愿做某事
If you hesitate too much, you will the game.如果你太犹豫，你就会输掉这一局。
He always hesitates nothing. 他从不犹豫。
I hesitate to take the risk.我不愿冒这个险。
He hesitated about going in.对进不进去他犹豫不决。
12.apply vt. 应用；运用 apply to sb/sth 对……适用
vi. 申请 apply to sb for sth 向……申请…… apply for… 申请
What I have said applies only to some of you.我所说的只适用于你们当中的一部分人
13.set out 出发，上路
set out to do sth 开始做某事 set about doing 着手做某事
扩展：set off （for）出发，起程 set aside 把某物放在一边 set up 设立，建立 set foot on/in 踏入，踏上 set free 释放
I set out to prepare for my speech. 我开始着手为演讲作准备。
They set out for the north two days later. 两天后，他们出发向北去了。
They set out on a sightseeing tour. 他们动身出去观光旅行。

Part2 Language points

Warming up
1.20000 Leagues under the Sea《海底两万里》
league n. 里格（长度单位=3英里或3海里）；联盟；社团，联合会。例如：
Our team plays in the football league.我们队在足球联赛中参加比赛。
He is in league with the Mafia.他与黑手党勾结。
全析提示 in league with 与……同盟；与……勾
生词表: