Unit 18 New Zealand

学法指导
在本单元中，我们将讨论新西兰这个国家的地理、历史知识，请同学们注意相关的词汇，并力求学会用同样的思路描述其他的国家和地区。关于语法方面，需要注意it 的用法。
学习要点
词汇
fisherman: one who makes a living by fishing
surround: to enclose on all sides
mild: warm and full of sunshine; pleasant; not severe
harbour: port
kiwi: a kind of bird that lives in New Zealand and can’t fly;
It can also refer to “New Zealander”
volcano: an opening in the earth's crust through which molten（熔化的） lava, ash, and gases are thrown out
settle: to move and live in another place
possession: wealth or property
bold: fearless, courageous, brave;
(of printing)well marked
mountainous: having many mountains
coach: a person who trains or directs athletes or athletic teams;
a motorbus
conference: a meeting for consultation(磋商) or discussion.
relation: relative
export: to send or transport (goods, for example) abroad, especially for trade or sale
ship: transport
短语

lie in（on/to）the north of/ in the northern part of/your great-grandfather on your father’s side/be made up of/ be surrounded by/ be famous for（as）/
be used to do sth/ have a population of…/ be marked with/share their memories/ be of high quality/advise sb to do sth/ sign an agreement with/ take in/
take off/ take out/ take place/ take possession of/despite/ from early on/ try one’s luck/ set up/ be skilled at/ be known to sb/win the war against…/

句型





日常交际用语
Where is sb from?
Can you explain where that is?

重点难点突破

1.What are the positions of the different places and waters in relation to China? 中国不同地区和水域的位置在哪里？
in relation to 关于, 涉及, 与…相比
Prices seem high in relation to wages. 和工资相比，物价似乎偏高。
What did you say in relation to what happened yesterday? 关于昨天发生的事你说什么了？
2.The East China Sea lies to the east of Zhejiang Province.东海位于浙江东面。
1）英语表示方位的名词有：
east, west, south, north, southeast, northeast, southwest, northwest.
2）谈论某地的地理位置时，我们经常用的短语是：
lie / be in/on/to the north of 某地位于……的北部。
Beijing lies in the north of China. 北京位于中国北部。
Beijing lies to the north of Shijiazhuang. 北京在石家庄北边。
Hebei lies on the north of Henan. 河北位于河南北边。

注意：当某地属于另一地范围内时，用in ；当某地不属于另一地范围内，但接壤时，用on ； 当某地不属于另一地范围内，且不接壤时，用to 。

3）当方位名词用做副词时，前面无介词和冠词。
I live in the room whose window faces south. (adv.)
= I live in the room whose window faces to the south. (n.)
= I live in the room whose window faces the south. (n.)
我住在窗户朝南的那间屋子里。
New Zealand is east of Australia. 新西兰位于澳大利亚的东边。
My hometown is 100 kilometres north of Xi’an. 我的家乡在西安以北100公里处。
3.Where is your great-grandfather on your father’s side from? 你的曾祖父是哪里人呢？
one’s great-grandmother on one’s father’s side曾祖母
one’s great-grandfather on one’s mother’s side外曾祖父
one’s great-grandmother on one’s mother’s side外曾祖母
4.New Zealand is an island that lies off the eastern coast of Australia.新西兰是澳大利亚东面的一个岛国。
off prep. 离……一些距离
There are a number of islands off the southeast coast of China. 中国东南沿海有许多岛屿。
Did you notice the house off the main road?你注意到离大路不远处的房子了吗？
5.It is made up of two large islands: North Island and South Island. 它由两大岛屿组成：北岛和南岛。
be made up of = consist of 由……组成
A team is made up of nine players.
= Nine players make up a team.
= A team consists of nine players. 一支队由9名队员组成。
The audience was made up of very young children. 观众是由非常小的孩子组成的。
注意比较下面的短语：
be made of… 由……制成（看得出原材料）
be made from… 由……制成（看不出原材料）
be made in… 产于某地
make…into… 把……制成……
be made out of… 是由……制成的
6.New Zealand is surrounded by the Pacific Ocean to the north and east, and the Tasman Sea to the south and west. 新西兰北面和东面临太平洋，南面和西面临塔斯曼海。
surround vt. 围住, 环绕;生词表:

sunshine [´sʌnʃain]   n.日光，阳光   (初中英语单词)

opening [´əupəniŋ]   n.开放；开端 a.开始的   (初中英语单词)

wealth [welθ]   n.财富，财产   (初中英语单词)

transport [træn´spɔ:t]   n.运输；流放   (初中英语单词)

abroad [ə´brɔ:d]   ad.海外；到处；广泛   (初中英语单词)

agreement [ə´gri:mənt]   n.同意；一致；协议   (初中英语单词)

yesterday [´jestədi]   n.&ad.昨天；前不久   (初中英语单词)

audience [´ɔ:diəns]   n.听众；观众；接见   (初中英语单词)

enclose [in´kləuz]   vt.围住，圈起；附上   (高中英语单词)

fearless [´fiələs]   a.不怕的，无畏的   (高中英语单词)

athletic [æθ´letik]   a.运动的；强壮的   (高中英语单词)

skilled [skild]   a.有技能的，熟练的   (高中英语单词)

northeast [,nɔ:θ´i:st]   n.东北 a.东北的   (高中英语单词)

southwest [,sauθ´west]   n.&a.西南(方)(的)   (高中英语单词)

pacific [pə´sifik]   a.和平的；温和的   (高中英语单词)

courageous [kə´reidʒəs]   a.勇敢的；无畏的   (英语四级单词)

southeast [,sauθ´i:st]   n.&a.东南(方)   (英语四级单词)