酷兔英语



学科:英语

教学内容:When was it invented?


  教材分析及教学要求
  重点1. 了解古今中外的一些发明创造的英文名字
  在本单元,我们将搭乘“科技之光”,了解古今中外的一些发明创造的故事。我们中国有着悠久的历史,博大的文化,更有许多影响人类进程的里程碑式的发明创造。说起四大发明,想必大家都不陌生吧?那么,你知道它们的英文名字吗?
  好了,让我来告诉大家。
  
  对了,从左到右,从上往下,分别是火药(gun powder),指南针( compass ),造纸术( paper making ),印刷术( printing )。

  
  认识了它们的英文表达后,是不是学起历史来更加有兴致了?是不是更加热爱我们的祖国了?没错!每个发明创造的背后都有许许多多有趣、辛苦的故事。大家可以通过上网、看书,查到许多这方面的资料,从而丰富我们的视野。
  

  任务设计
  任务Ⅰ. 请将下列发明归类

computer, TV, car, hand-held calculator, camera, shoes with adjustable heels, umbrella, telephone, flying disk, heated ice cream scoop, light bulb, hamburgers, radio, microwave oven, potato chips, pizza, vacuum cleaner, tea, abacus, binoculars, bicycle, battery operated slippers, alarm clock,

  生活用品___________ ____________ _________
      ___________ ____________ _________ _________
      ___________ ____________ _________ _________
      ___________ ____________
  办公用品 ___________ ____________ _________
  交通用品 ___________ ____________
  科学工具 ___________
  食物___________ __________ _________ _________
  
  重点2. 被动语态
  什么是被动语态呢?请先看下面两个例子:
  I open the door. 我打开门。
  The door is opened by me. 门被我打开。
  哦!原来表示某物被某人怎么样的时候,我们可以用被动语态来表示。那么,被动语态是怎么构成的呢?
  某物 + be 动词 + 动词的过去分词 + by + 某人
  1.把主动态变成被动态的方法是把动词to be变成原来的主动态动词的时态,再加上主动态里动词的过去分词。
  主动态: Bell invented telephones. 贝尔发明了电话机。
  在这个主动态句子中,时态是一般过去时,所以,变成被动态时,首先要把to be 变成它的一般过去时形式,即:was / were。然后加上主动态里的动词的过去分词形式。于是就变成了:
  Telephones were invented by Bell. 电话机被贝尔发明了。
  注意进行时态的被动态。这种语态有时似乎难以使用,因为它要求用to be的现在进行时,这种形式在其他方面用得不多。
  主动态:They are repairing the bridge.
      他们正在修桥。
  被动态:The bridge is being repaired by them.
      桥正在被他们修理。
  2. 主、被动时态对照表:

时态/动词形式
主动态
被动态
一般现在时
keeps
is kept
现在进行时
is keeping
is being kept
一般过去时
kept
was kept
过去进行时
was keeping
was being kept
现在完成时
has kept
has been kept
过去完成时
had kept
had been kept
一般将来时
will keep
will be kept
虚拟语气
would keep
would be kept

  3. 本单元出现的被动语态
  Who was it / were they invented by?
  它(它们)是由谁发明的?
  It was / They were invented by … + sb.
  它(它们)是由……发明的。
  When was it / were they invented by?
  它(它们)是什么时候被发明出来的?
  It was / They were invented … + time
  它(它们)是……被发明出来的。
  What is it / are they used for?
  它(它们)有什么用途呢?
  It is / They are used for + doing sth.
  它(它们)被用来……。
  任务Ⅱ. 请用下列词汇编几组特殊疑问句。(用被动语态)
  electric slippers, adjustable heels, tea, microwave ovens, potato chips
  1.__________________________? (When)
  2.__________________________? (When)
  3.__________________________? (What)
  4.__________________________? (Who)
  5.__________________________? (Who)
  
  任务Ⅲ. 请仿照sample,编三组对话介绍中国的四大发明吧!( Four Great Inventions )

  Clues:
  What: paper making
  Who: Cai Lun
  When: one thousand eight hundred years ago
  What…for: record information
  A: What do you think is the most important invention?
  B: That is paper making.
  A: Who was it invented by?
  B: It was invented by Cai Lun.
  A: When was it invented?
  B: It was invented one thousand eight hundred years ago.
  A: What is it used for?
  B: It is used for recording information.
  下面的表格将帮助你完成编对话。

the names of inventions
when
who
be used for
gun powder
Tang Dynasty
don’t know
exploding, war, fireworks
compass
War Dynasty
Chinese people
knowing the direction
printing
o
生词表:
  • compass [´kʌmpəs] 移动到这儿单词发声  n.指南针;圆规   (初中英语单词)
  • umbrella [ʌm´brelə] 移动到这儿单词发声  n.伞   (高中英语单词)
  • bicycle [´baisik(ə)l] 移动到这儿单词发声  n.自行车   (高中英语单词)
  • battery [´bætəri] 移动到这儿单词发声  n.炮兵连;炮台;电池   (高中英语单词)
  • cleaner [´kli:nə] 移动到这儿单词发声  n.清洁工人;干洗商   (英语四级单词)
  • bridge [bridʒ] 移动到这儿单词发声  n.桥(梁);鼻梁;桥牌   (英语四级单词)
  • vacuum [´vækjuəm] 移动到这儿单词发声  n.真空;空间   (英语六级单词)