复合句中
主从句谓语动词时态的呼应

在英语学习中，谓语动词的时态，尤其是复合句中主从句谓语动词时态的呼应是个令人头疼的问题，因为在汉语中根本不存在这个问题。 下面是常见的复合句中主从句谓语动词时态需要呼应的情况：
1．含有状语从句的复合句中主从句谓语动词时态的呼应
① 祈使句
一般将来时 一般现在时
主语 + 过去完成时 + when +主语+
过去进行时 一般过去时
一般过去时
注意：when从句也可以放在主句之前。
例如：Don’t get excited when you talk.
I will discuss this with you when we meet.
Herbert was having his dinner when I saw him.
When he looked back, the woman had vanished.
Mother called to me when I read a novel.
He sang when he worked.
② was/were about to do…
主语 + 过去进行时 + when（突然） +主语 + 一般过去时
过去完成时
注意：when从句不可放在主句之前。
例如：She was about to leave the room when the telephone rang.
He was just falling asleep when there was a loud knock at the door.
I had nearly realized the town when the young man suddenly said very slowly, “Do you speak English?”
③ 祈使句
一般现在时 一般现在时
主语+ 一般将来时 +while +主语+ 现在进行时
一般过去时 一般过去时
过去进行时 过去进行时
注意：while从句中的谓语动词必须是延续性动词。
例如：Make hay while the sun shines.
Never get on/off a bus while it is in motion.
While you’re doing that, I’ll go and get some water.
I’ll be kind to him while you’re away.
He entered in while the meeting was going on.
By the way, a letter came here for you while you were ill.
Mary was cooking supper while her brother was playing chess.
④ 一般现在时 一般现在时
主语+ 一般过去时 +as+主语+ 一般过去时
过去进行时

例如：We get wiser as we get older.
He rose as she entered.
As he slept he dreamed a dream.
Just as he was speaking there was a loud explosion.
She closed her eyes as she uttered the words.
As she sang, the tears ran down her cheeks.
⑤
祈使句 一般现在时
主语+ 一般将来时 +after +主语 + 过去完成时
一般过去时 一般过去时
例如：Please tell her I’ll come after I do [have done] some shopping.
I will tell them after you leave [have left].
I told them after you left [had left].
I found the letter long after he had gone away.
⑥祈使句
主语+ 一般将来时 一般现在时
过去完成时 +before+主语+
一般过去时 一般过去时

例如：Look before you leap.
I’ll telephone you before I come.
They had got everything ready before I arrived.
She didn’t understand me before I explained it to her.
⑦
祈使句 一般现在时（现在完成时）
主语+ 一般将来时 + until/till+主语+
一般过去时 一般过去时

例如：Go away until I have finished speaking to your father.
Let’s wait until/till the rain stops.
The children won’t come home until it is dark
We danced and danced until a lot of them join in.
⑧
祈使句 一般现在时
主语+ 一般将来时 + as soon as +主语+
一般过去时 一般过去时
过去完成时
例如：As soon as you finish your job, let me know.
As soon as I get there, I’ll telephone you.
He started as soon as he received the news.
As soon as he had done it, he knew it was a mistake.


⑨ 祈使句
主语+ 一般将来时 + if +主语+一般现在时
例如：Send the goods now, if they’re ready.
If it is fine tomorrow, I will go.
If your brother can do it, so can I.
主语+现在完成时+(ever since)+主语+一般过去时
例如：Since I was a child, I have lived in England.
We’ve been friends ever since we met at school.
2.含有宾语从句的复合句中主从句谓语动词时态的呼应
①
主语+ 一般现在时
一般将来时 + (that)
if/whether + 所需要的时态
wh-
注：wh- 指 what, who, whom, whose, which, how, when, where, why等连接代（副）词。
例如：I hear (that) physics isn’t easy.
I think (that) you will like the stamps.
Dou you know which film they’re talking about?
Do you know how many pictures they’ve drawn?
Can you tell me why he didn’t come yesterday?
Can you tell me what you were doing at this time yesterday?
I wish (that) she would understand me.
Do you know how many pages of this book I had read by yesterday evening?
②
(that) 一般过去时
主语+ 一般过去时+ if/whether + 过去进行时
wh- 过去
生词表: