中考英语语法复习大全
一.名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。可数名词有单数和复数
1.直接加s: maps, books, bags, days, boys, birds. 2.以辅音字母加y 结尾时变y为i加es: country-countries, factory-factories, baby-babies, family-families,
3.以s, x, ch, sh 结尾的单词加es: fox-foxes, dish-dishes, brush-brushes, bus-buses, class-classes, glass-glasses box-boxes, watch-watches
4.以o 结尾的加s, radio-radios, photo-photos, zoo-zoos, 但potato-potatoes, tomato-tomatoes必须加es
5.以f, fe 结尾的单词变f 为v加es: wife-wives, half-halves, shelf- shelves, knife-knives, life-lives, thief-thieves,但　reef必须加s.
不规则变化为：sheep-sheep, fish-fish, deer-deer, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese, mouse-mice, man-men, woman-women, Frenchman-Frenchmen, Englishman-Englishmen, policeman-policemen, German-Germans, foot-feet, child-children, tooth-teeth.
不可数名词：work, homework, housework, time, knowledge, money, weather, fruit, food, rain snow, wind, ice, bread, porridge, orange, water, tea, rice, meat, news, paper, help, help, excuse 名词（借口，理由）, beef, cotton(棉花)， health, pork, salt, silk（丝绸） sand（沙子） space=room(空间) sugar, wood（木头） wool
many=a lot of=lots of=a number of=numbes of许多，a few=several几个，
few=not没有,跟可数名词。
Much=a lot of=lots of=a plenty of许多，a little=a bit of一点，little=not没有，跟不可数名词
注意: people没有单数，是复数名词，persons=people; cloud云彩和chalk既可当可数名词又可当不可数名词。
二.名词所有格是在名词后面加 ’s, 以 s结尾的加’ ,另外人用’s, 物用 of
如：Meimei’s book , Bob’s bike, the students of class, a picture of my family, a friend of Jim’s
the students’ desks, Teachers’ Day教师节，Women’s Day, Children’s Day,
Lucy and Lily’s room 路丝和利丽共有的房间，Jim’s and Tom’s fathers吉姆和汤姆各自的父亲三..代词的用法:1.主格：I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they 作主语
2. 宾格：me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them 用在动词和介词后作宾语 .
3.形容词性物主代词：my your, his, her, its, our your, their 后面必须跟名词
4. 名词性物主代词：mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours yours, theirs,
5.反身代词：myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves,
6.反身代词的搭配： teach oneself=learn by oneself(自学)
如: I teach myself English.=I learn English by myself.
buy oneself sth. 如：He bought himself a pen.他为自己买了一支钢笔。
enjoy oneself=have a good time
help oneself to some food( some drink) 自用食物和饮料，hurt oneself伤到自己，
look after oneself, by oneself=alone独自，leave by oneself=leave alone把某人单独留下，
7.指示代词：this----these, that----those, this(that) is; these(those) are
8.不定代词：代表人的有：everyone(body), someone(body), anyone(body), no one=nobody
代表物的有：everything , something , anything , nothing
注意：（1）当单数用。如：Is everyone here? Something is wrong with my bike. Everything begins to grow. Is there anything cheaper?
（2）另外something, someone用于肯定句，anything, anyone用于否定句和肯定句。
no=not any, nothing=not anything, nobody=not anybody=no one=not anyone
如：I can see nothing. =I can not see anything.
There is nobody here.= There is not anybody here.
(3)不定代词用形容词修饰时，要把形容词放在后面。
如：There is nothing serious.没有什么严重的。 There is something wrong with my radio.我的收音机没有毛病。
9. all____none用于三者以上，all（都）用复数，none（都没有）用单数和复数都行。它们代人代物都行。
如：All of the boys are in the room .= All the boys are in the rṯom .=The boys are all in the room .所有的男孩都在间
All of the animals are jumpingḮ=All the animals are jumping.=The animals are all jumping.
All of the meat is on the plates.=All the meat is on the plates.=The meat is all on the plates.
None of the seats are / is mine. None of sheep is / are in the field.. None of us have /has an egg .
10. both (都)___neither(二个都不)，用于二者，both表示肯定句，neither表示否定句。
如：They both study French.=Both of them study French..肯定句
Neither of them studies French. 否定句
The girls are both at home.=Both of the girls are at home.肯定句
Neither of the girls is at home.否定句
Both of the persons are doctors. 肯定句 Neither of the persons is a doctor.否定句
Both of you do sports at school.肯定句 Neither of you does sports at school.否定句
We both have to stay on the farm. 肯定句
Neither of us has to s
生词表: