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Business Wire Inc.的首席执行长塔马兹(Cathy Baron Tamraz) 首次读到有关沃伦·巴菲特(Warren Buffett)管理风格的信息后,她立即写信给这位亿万富翁投资者,请他收购她的公司。当时她说,为什么不这样做呢?巴菲特以放手的管理风格著称,这进而在组成Berkshire Hathaway Inc.的数十家公司中带来了忠诚和稳定性。


When Cathy Baron Tamraz, chief executive of Business Wire Inc., first read about Warren Buffett's management style, she wrote to the billionaire investor and asked him to buy her company.


Berkshire于2006年收购了Business Wire,并且目前依然拥有这家公司。塔马兹目前依然是这家公司的领导者。她拒绝置评。


And why not? As she said at the time, Mr. Buffett is renowned for his hands-off approach, which in turn generates loyalty -- and stability -- in the dozens of individual companies that make up Berkshire Hathaway Inc.


在今年8月份刚刚度过83岁生日的巴菲特已经公布了Berkshire高层职位继任者计划,但他未公布首席执行长(CEO)人选。然而一些投资者和分析师已开始考虑,在巴菲特移交领导权后,Berkshire是否依然会是高管们的理想工作之地。


Berkshire bought Business Wire in 2006 and still owns it today. Ms. Baron Tamraz, who declined to comment, remains at the head of the company.


迈尔斯(Robert Miles)问道,巴菲特卸任后将发生什么?(这些CEO们)再不需要令任何人感到骄傲了吗?迈尔斯写了一本关于Berkshire旗下CEO们的书,该书于2003年出版。


Mr. Buffett, who turned 83 in August, has outlined Berkshire's plan of succession at the top, although he has stopped short of naming his replacement as CEO. But some investors and analysts are beginning to think about whether Berkshire will remain such a desirable place to work for senior executives after Buffett turns over the reins.


总部设在内布拉斯加州奥马哈的Berkshire旗下拥有逾70家子公司,其中多数公司的领导者都是向巴菲特汇报工作。去年Berkshire约200亿美元税前营业利润中有超过三分之二来自于其核心保险业务以外的子公司。这些子公司中既有北美第二大货运铁路运营商BNSF Railway Co.,也有规模较小的总部设在奥马哈的小商品供应商Oriental Trading Co.。


'What happens post-Buffett. . .and there isn't anyone [the CEOs] need to make proud anymore?' asked Robert Miles, the author of a 2003 book on Berkshire CEOs.


巴菲特长期以来一直依靠直觉来经营Berkshire,抛弃了拖累其他大型公司的官僚体系和管理层级。他和他的合伙人现年89岁的Berkshire副董事长芒格(Charles Munger)总是不厌其烦的说,他们几乎将所有工作委派给其他人,达到了可以退居幕后的程度。


Berkshire, based in Omaha, Neb., owns more than 70 companies, most of them headed by individuals who report to Mr. Buffett. Last year, more than two-thirds of Berkshire's pretax operating profit of about $20 billion came from subsidiaries other than its core insurance business. These units range in size from North America's second-largest freight railroad operator, BNSF Railway Co., to small Omaha-based trinkets supplier Oriental Trading Co.


尽管这不是巴菲特首次更换高管,但他们通常只是因为到了该退休的时候才离开的。巴菲特曾说,Berkshire重要业务的管理者无一人曾自愿选择跳槽到另一家公司。巴菲特拒绝置评。


Mr. Buffett has long relied on gut instinct to run Berkshire, eschewing bureaucracy and management layers that can hobble other large companies. He and his partner, 89-year-old Berkshire Vice Chairman Charles Munger, never tire of saying that they 'delegate almost to the point of abdication.'


最近这些子公司的高管流动比以往更频繁了。上周,涂料公司Benjamin Moore任命在零售业富有经验的瑟尔斯(Michael Searles)担任CEO,这是两年内该公司任命的第三位CEO。


Although it isn't unprecedented for Mr. Buffett to replace top executives, they typically leave only when they retire. Mr. Buffett, who declined to comment, has said that no manager of a significant Berkshire business has left voluntarily to join another business.


珠宝零售商Borsheims上周也任命了新CEO,自1994年以来一直担任该公司CEO的雅克(Susan Jacques)跳槽至非营利性机构美国宝石学院(Gemological Institute of America)担任主要负责人。


There has been more churn than usual at the subsidiaries lately. Last week, paint company Benjamin Moore named retail-industry veteran Michael Searles as CEO, the third person to occupy the post in two years.


野村(Nomura)分析师加伦特(Cliff Gallant)说,巴菲特雇佣到了非常出色的人来经营这些子公司,并且还有一些备用人才,但留任问题是一个风险因素,当他离开,我担心他们当中的一些人也会离开。


Jewelry retailer Borsheims also named a new CEO last week after Susan Jacques, who had led the company since 1994, left for the top position at the Gemological Institute of America, a nonprofit.


在Berkshire年度股东大会前该公司的CEO们与巴菲特于5月份召开了一次会议,据与会者说,在这次会议上,一些管理者询问巴菲特在他离开这家公司后他们的职责是什么。


'He's got very good people running the companies, and several down the line,' said Cliff Gallant, an analyst with Nomura. But 'retention is a risk factor. When he moves on, I'm concerned that some of them will move on.'


一位与会者说,巴菲特鼓励他们保留Berkshire的自治文化。


At a May gathering of Berkshire CEOs with Mr. Buffett ahead of the company's annual meeting, some managers asked him what their responsibility was after he was no longer at the company, according to people present.


熟悉巴菲特想法的人说,这位投资家相信Berkshire的管理者所忠诚的是这家公司,而不是他个人。然而,他已承认,尽管他努力在未来保留Berkshire的文化,但情况还是会发生改变。


Mr. Buffett encouraged them to preserve Berkshire's culture of autonomy, one person said.


在5月份的年度会议上,巴菲特说,他预计自己的继任者将对公司进行"适度的"重组,比如将规模较小的公司合并。不过他还说,规模最大的子公司的CEO们可能会继续像现在这样经营他们的公司。


People familiar with Mr. Buffett's thinking said the investor believes that Berkshire managers are loyal to the company and not to him personally. Still, he has acknowledged that despite his efforts to preserve Berkshire's culture for the future, things will change.


巴菲特曾表示,当他离开时,他的职务将被划分为三个职位。非执行董事长的职位将由他的儿子霍华德· 巴菲特(Howard Buffett)担任,Berkshire的首席选股者将由几年前聘请的两位投资经理——韦施勒(Ted Weschler)和库姆斯(Todd Combs)共同担任,还有一人将担任CEO一职。巴菲特曾表示,Berkshire的董事会已经选定了一位候选人,但未透露这个人的名字。


At the May annual meeting, Mr. Buffett said he expected his successor to reorganize the company 'modestly,' such as grouping the smaller businesses together. However, he added that the CEOs of the largest subsidiaries would likely continue operating their businesses as they do now.


新CEO面临的挑战将是维持Berkshire独特的文化。经营Berkshire大规模再保险业务的贾因(Ajit Jain)一直被观察Berkshire的人士视为头号人选,他与巴菲特关系密切,并且受到同事的好评。但外界并不了解贾因的管理风格或者交易决策,他很少在公开场合露面。


Mr. Buffett has said his job will be divided into three when he leaves. The role of nonexecutive chairman will go to his son Howard Buffett, and his role as chief stock picker for Berkshire will be shared by two investment managers, Ted Weschler and Todd Combs, hired a couple of years ago. A third person will take the CEO mantle. Mr. Buffett has said Berkshire's board picked a candidate, but the name hasn't been revealed.


据《华尔街日报》的分析以及来自高管猎头公司史宾沙公司(Spencer Stuart)的数据显示,Berkshire的CEO们平均年龄为59岁,高于标准普尔500指数成分股公司CEO的平均年龄56.7岁。


The challenge for a new CEO will be to maintain Berkshire's unique culture. Ajit Jain, who runs Berkshire's giant reinsurance business and has long been seen as a front-runner by Berkshire watchers, is very close to the billionaire investor and well-regarded by colleagues. However, little is known about Mr. Jain's management style or deal-making, as he has eschewed publicity.


未来该公司可能面临的一个问题是:Berkshire与众不同的薪酬模式。尽管美国最大上市公司的CEO所获薪酬中有44%是基于股票的报酬,但Berkshire不提供此类薪酬。巴菲特向他的高管们支付现金奖金,这种奖金一部分与长期表现目标关联,这些目标不对外披露。


The average age of the Berkshire chiefs is 59, higher than the 56.7 average for CEOs of companies in S&P 500 index, according to a Wall Street Journal analysis and data from Spencer Stuart, an executive-search firm.


全球第四大富豪巴菲特几乎所有的净值都与Berkshire的股票联系在一起,他的年薪固定为10万美元。但他麾下多数管理者的薪酬不对外披露。据分析师说,其中一些管理者的薪酬非常丰厚,Geico的CEO奈斯利(Tony Nicely)、公用事业公司MidAmerican Energy Holdings的CEO奥贝尔(Greg Abel)以及BNSF的CEO罗斯(Matt Rose)等管理者的年薪达数百万美元。


One potential issue going forward: Berkshire's unusualcompensation model. While stock-based compensation made up 44% of the pay of CEOs at the largest U.S. public companies, Berkshire doesn't offer such awards. Instead, Mr. Buffett pays his executive bonuses in cash, part of which is tied to long-term performance targets, which aren't publicly disclosed.


巴菲特一直认为,让管理者长期经营他们的公司而不是每隔几年就换新的CEO,对于创造企业价值以及保留这种价值至关重要。


Mr. Buffett, the world's fourth-richest man, with nearly all his net worth tied to Berkshire stock, has his annual salary fixed at $100,000. But compensation for most of his managers isn't disclosed. Some are paid handsomely: Geico Chief Executive Tony Nicely, utility company MidAmerican Energy Holdings CEO Greg Abel and BNSF chief Matt Rose are among Berkshire managers paid in the millions annually, according to analysts.


在这种长期规划中,这位奥马哈人要求其麾下管理者定期提交最新的继任者方案。2010年,巴菲特公布了一份向这批堪称"全明星阵容"的管理者每两年发送一次的备忘录,他在备忘录中要求这些人推荐随时可接替他们的人选。


Mr. Buffett has long held that letting managers run their businesses for the long term rather than switching out CEOs every few years is key to creating institutional values and preserving them.


一些股东正准备迎接未来的改变。


Part of that long-term planning has involved the Omaha native asking for regular succession plan updates from his managers. In 2010, he disclosed a memo he sends to his 'all stars' every two years, asking for their 'recommendation as who should take over tomorrow if you should become incapacitated overnight.'


Lountzis Asset Management的朗提斯(Paul Lountzis)说,对许多(Berkshire旗下)公司高管来说,巴菲特令他们变得非常富有,给予他们极大的自治权,他们都很爱戴巴菲特,我不知道你怎样才能再现这种成功。朗提斯代表投资者管理Berkshire的股票。


Some shareholders are bracing for change.


Anupreeta Das

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