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印度自己装备的两种坦克——阿琼和俄罗斯T-90之间的比较

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阿琼MK2

 

Arjun Mk.II : News and Discussions

 

印度阿琼MK.2型：新闻和讨论

 

The Arjun Mk.2 is an improved version of the original Arjun main battle tank. It was developed in cooperation with Israeli defense companies. A total of 13 major improvements were made. After prolonged development the original Arjun entered service with the Indian Army in 2004, however it failed to impress the Army and improvements were required in order to make it combat-worthy. The new Arjun Mk.2 has improved protection, firepower and mobility over it's predecessor. Trials of the Arjun Mk.2 began in 2012. Series production is expected to begin a couple of years later. It should replace the ageing Cold War era T-55 and T-72M main battle tanks in service with the Indian Army.

 

阿琼MK.2型是原来阿琼主战坦克的改进型号，是与以色列国防公司合作一同开发的，共进行了13项重大改进。经过长时间的发展，第一代阿琼已在2004年开始进入印度陆军服役，但它并没有打动陆军而是责令对其战斗力需要继续改进。新的阿琼MK.2型相比它的前身拥有更好的防护，火力和机动性。阿琼MK.2型的试验开始于2012年。预计一两年后投入批量生产。它将被用来替换在冷战时期就在印度陆军服役的老旧T-55和T-72M主战坦克。

 

The Arjun Mk.2 has some design similarities with the German Leopard 2A5 main battle tank. It is claimed that weight of this main battle tank was reduced from 59 to about 55 tones comparing with it's predecessor in order to improve operational and logistic mobility.

 

阿琼MK.2型有些部分的设计与德国豹2A5主战坦克类似。据称，与它的前身相比，为了提高机动性操作和运输，这种主战坦克的重量从59吨减少到约55吨。

 

Hull and turret of the Arjun Mk.2 were redesigned. Protection was improved by adding locally-developed explosive reactive armor modules. It seems that the new ERA is based on the Russian Kontakt-5 technology, developed in the 1980s and used on the T-90 and some other Soviet/Russian tanks. Armor modules counter APFSDS and HEAT rounds, as well as RPG rounds. Ready to use ammunition is stored in the turretbustle with blow-out panels.

 

阿琼MK.2型的车体和炮塔进行了重新设计。防护进行了改进，增加本地开发的爆炸式反应装甲模块。新的爆炸式反应装甲似乎是基于俄罗斯"串联-5"的技术，（这种技术）在上世纪八十年代被开发出来，在T-90和其他一些苏联/俄罗斯坦克上均有使用。（爆反）装甲模块可以应对尾翼稳定脱壳穿甲弹和高爆弹，以及RPG的打击。待发弹药储存在炮塔的防爆隔板仓内。

 

This new main battle tank is armed with a fully-stabilized 120-mm rifled gun, which is loaded manually. A rifled gun of such caliber is used only on the British Challenger 2 MBT. This gun is very accurate at long range. The Arjun Mk.2 is compatible with Israeli LAHAT anti-tank guided missiles. Missiles are launched in the same manner as ordinary projectiles.

 

这种新型主战坦克装备有手动加载的全稳120毫米线膛炮。之前只有在英国挑战者2型主战坦克上使用这种口径膛线炮。在远距离上该炮精准度非常高。阿琼MK.2型还可以发射普通炮弹的方式，兼容以色列的拉哈特反坦克导弹。

 

Secondary armament consists of coaxial 7.62-mm machine gun and a roof-mounted remotely controlled weapon station, armed with a 12.7-mm heavy machine gun.

 

次要武器包括7.62毫米同轴机枪和一个车顶遥控武器站，装备有12.7毫米重机枪。

 

This new main battle tank is fitted with advanced thermal imaging and panoramic sights, that give it a hunter-killer capability. Fire control system of the new tank should have a hit probability over 90%, when firing on the move. The new tank also has improved communication systems.

 

这种新型主战坦克配备有先进的热成像和全景瞄准具，具备"猎-歼"能力。在移动射击时新坦克的火控系统首发命中率超过90％。新的坦克对通信系统也进行了改进。

 

This new Indian tank has a crew of four, including commander, gunner, loader and driver.

 

新坦克有四名乘员，车长、炮手、装填手和驾驶员。

 

The Arjun Mk.2 is fitted with a new unspecified turbocharged diesel engine, which replaces the previous German MTU MB 838 Ka-501 diesel unit, developing 1 400 hp. It is speculated that the new engine is the Cummins QSK-38 turbocharged diesel unit, developing about 1 500 hp. It should be coupled with a French transmission. Also Ukrainian manufacturer proposes for this tank a new 6TD-5 turbocharged diesel engine, developing 1 800 hp. The Arjun Mk.2 is also fitted with auxiliary power unit which powers all systems when the main engine is turned off. This MBT can be also fitted with a mine plough.

 

阿琼MK.2型配备一款新的不明涡轮增压柴油发动机，取代以前的德国MTU MB 838 KA-501型柴油发动机，输出功率1400马力。据推测，新的发动机是康明斯QSK-38涡轮增压柴油发动机，输出功率1500马力，与之匹配的还有法国传动装置。乌克兰制造商为该新型坦克提供了一款新的6TD-5涡轮增压柴油发动机输出功率1800马力。阿琼MK.2型还装备了辅助电源可以在主发动机关闭的时候为整个系统提供动力，这款主战坦克也装备了扫雷犁。

 

以下为网友留言：

 

译者：ngageboy

本文论坛地址：三泰虎论坛 http://bbs.santaihu.com/thread-6831-1-1.html

 

Rock n Rolla

05-07-2013, 01:09 PM

So all the 93 improvements (required by Army) are incorporated now? I read an article some months back that said over 50 improvements have been made.

 

那么所有的93项改进（陆军所要求的）现在已纳入？几个月前我读到一篇文章说有超过50个方面做了改进。

 

Foxtrot

05-07-2013, 01:12 PM

Improvements or no improvements...........no more orders will be placed. We use imported products.

 

（不管）改进还是没改进，（反正）不会再有订单了，(因为)我们用进口产品。

 

Abhijeet05

05-12-2013, 12:09 AM

which better arjun or t-90s

 

阿琼和T-90S哪个更好？

 

Himanshu Pandey

05-12-2013, 12:34 AM

if it going to replace t55 and T72 it means a order of thousands of tanks.... I can't belie it.. how these guys can do obvious... are lobbyist are silent now?

 

如果用来替换T55和T72意味着要装备上千辆，我不相信，这些家伙怎么能做到，那些游说者都闭嘴了么？

 

Rock n Rolla

05-12-2013, 12:37 AM

The maximum no: of orders will be under 400 to 500 units including the 240 already ordered, according to Livefist

 

根据现在掌握的情况，最多装备400-500辆，其中有240辆已经下订单了。

 

Abhijeet05

05-12-2013, 12:48 AM

India tring to get lisance for t-90 tanks to manufacture 600 to 1000 tanks then why they nee t-90 if arjun-mk2 is there?

 

既然阿琼MK.2型已经有了，为什么我们还要授权生产装备600-1000辆T90坦克？

 

Rock n Rolla

05-12-2013, 12:52 AM

The Arjun Mk-2 will weigh around 67 tonnes and this fatally limits the tank's operational effectiveness for the Indian Army.

 

The tank is too heavy to be deployed across the border with Pakistan. It is unable to effectivelytraverse terrain filled with natural and/or artificial obstacles. Or areas criss-crossed with rivers and canals. That rules out most places in Rajasthan, Punjab and the mountainous terrain of the J&K sector.

 

This has forced the army to identify areas where the Arjun can safely be deployed and its operational units based. This probably means the Arjun will not fight alongside the T-90s and T-72s. It will certainly not be part of the Indian Army's strike corps formations, as it could get bogged down in unfamiliar terrain. This runs counter to the philosophy of armoured formations, which are designed for mobile offensive operations deep inside enemy territory. Unlike the T series tanks that have been airlifted to high altitudes like Leh and even out of the country, the Arjun cannot be airlifted by the IL-76 and C-130 J transports of the Indian Air Force (IAF). The C-17 Globemaster to be inducted by the Indian Air Force (IAF) has a maximum payload of 75 tonnes — insufficient to airlift the 67 tonne Arjun Mk-2 with attendant support equipment.

 

阿琼MK-2重达67吨左右，对印度陆军坦克的作战效能是致命的限制。

 

这种坦克部署在与巴基斯坦接壤地带显得太笨重。无法有效地穿越充满了自然或人为障碍的地形，或河流和运河纵横交错的地区，使得拉贾斯坦邦、旁遮普邦和多山地形的查馍克什米尔邦的大部分地方被排除在外。

 

这迫使军队只能根据安全部署和运输来确定能使用阿琼的地方。也就意味着阿琼不会与T-90和T-72S一同并肩作战，肯定不会编入印度军队的攻击部队，因为它可能陷入不熟悉的地形。这就与装甲部队专门为了在敌方领土深处移动作战的理念背道而驰了。不像T系列坦克可以被空运到高海拔地区的Leh甚至走出国门，阿琼不能用印空军的伊尔-76和C-130J运输机空运。印空军 C-17全球霸王最大有效载荷为75吨 – 可以空运不足67吨的阿琼MK-2，但运载工具数量不够。

 

Foxtrot

05-12-2013, 03:35 AM

Even if Arjun iS 67tons heavy its ground pressure is low....

 

即使阿琼有67吨重，对地面的压力还是小的。。。

 

Arun.id

05-12-2013, 04:22 AM

UPA doesn't care. They're looking for a new scam to do. They know 2014 is their end. So using full use of the last opportunities.

 

UPA才不关心呢，他们在找新的丑闻下手。他们知道2014年就要下台了，因此会充分利用最后这个机会。

 

VinodKumar

05-12-2013, 07:36 AM

Any new news about Arjun mk2??? What are the major advantage over t90s .and its not only UPA the Indian army is stucked with t 90

 

没有关于阿琼MK2的最新消息吗？与T90S相比主要的优势是什么，不仅UPA还有印度军队也坚定选择T90。

 

Rock n Rolla

Whoa, great news, hope IA inducts Arjun MK.2 in large no:s.

 

真是好消息，希望印度军队大批量服役阿琼MK2坦克。

 

Gessler

T-90 is grossly inferior to Arjun on almost all grounds.

 

But Arjun costs very high compared to T-90 which is relatively cheap.

 

总体上说，T-90坦克要逊于阿琼坦克。

 

但是阿琼坦克太昂贵了，T-90坦克相对要便宜。



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