鸟尽弓藏，兔死狗烹 Niǎo jìn gōng cáng, tù sǐ gǒu pēng
鸟尽弓藏，兔死狗烹 Niǎo jìn gōng cáng, tù sǐ gǒu pēng
春秋时期，越国在与吴国的战争中失败。越王向吴国投降，做了吴王的奴隶，但是他暗中一直在努力复兴越国。范蠡和文种二十多年尽心尽力地帮助越王，越国渐渐强大起来，最后消灭了吴国。
In the Spring and Autumn Period, the state of Yue was defeated by Wu in the war. Emperor Yue surrendered to Wu and became a slave of Emperor Wu. However, he secretly tried to revive the state of Yue . Fan Li and Wen Zhong wholeheartedly helped him for more than twenty years and Yue became stronger and stronger. In the end, Wu was annihilated.
越王觉得范蠡的功劳很大，就封他做上将军。可是范蠡不但不接受这个官位，还辞去了原来的职务。他不顾越王的极力挽留，离开了越国。而文种接受了越王册封，做了越国的丞相。
Emperor Yue thought Fan Li had made a great contribution and sought to appoint him as a general. But Fan Li did not accept the offer and even resigned from his original post. In spite of Yue's earnest efforts to detain him , he left . However, Wen Zhong accepted Emperor Yue's appointment as the Prime Minister of Yue.
范蠡离开之后，一直担心他的朋友文种，于是就让人送了一封信给文种。在信中告诉他：越王心胸狭窄，只能和他共度难关，不能同享富贵。你也赶快离开吧。猎人如果没有飞鸟可打，就把弓收起来了；兔子死光了，不再需要猎狗，就会杀死它们吃肉。现在越国强大了，也消灭了吴国，不再需要我们了。
When Fan Li left, he continued to worry about his friend. So he sent a letter to Wen Zhong. In the letter he said, "Emperor Yue is narrow-minded. One can only go through difficulty with him, but cannot share with him in wealth and honor. You'd better leave soon. If a hunter does not have birds to shoot, he will put away his bow; if all the hares have been killed, hunting dogs are no longer needed and they will be stewed and eaten. Now Yue is strong and Wu is destroyed. We are not needed anymore."
可是文种觉得自己的功劳很大，不可能被杀害，没有听范蠡的劝告。最后，越王还是逼迫他自杀了。
However, Wen Zhong thought it impossible for himself to be killed in view of the great contributions that he had made. So he did not listen to Fan Li's suggestion. In the end, he was forced to commitsuicide by Emperor Yue.
词语注释：
春秋时期：（Chūnqiū Shíqī）n. the Spring and Autumn Period
投降：（tóuxiáng）v. to surrender
奴隶：（núlì）n. slave
复兴：（fùxīng）v. to make a come back to former glory or prosperity
功劳：（gōngláo）n. contribution
挽留：（wǎnliú）v. to persuade sb. to stay
册封：（cèfēng）v. to confer a title upon sb.
劝告：（quàngào）n. advice
逼迫：（bīpò）v. to force
意义：
"鸟尽弓藏，兔死狗烹"的原义是说猎人没有飞鸟打，就把弓收起来了；兔子死光了，帮助猎人追捕猎物的猎狗就没用了，可以杀狗吃肉了。比喻事情成功之后，就把有功劳的人杀掉或者抛弃。
The original meaning of "鸟尽弓藏，兔死狗烹"is that if a hunter does not have birds to shoot, he will put away his bow; if all the hares have been killed, hunting dogs are not needed and they will be stewed and eaten. It is a metaphor describing how individuals in a position of service are eliminated once they have served their purpose.
例句：
1、历史上有很多优秀的人才都没有逃脱鸟尽弓藏兔死狗烹的命运。
In history, there were many talented people who were done away with when once they had finished their missions.
2、公司已经运行良好，为了避免鸟尽弓藏兔死狗烹的下场，他主动递上了辞职信。
The company is now running very well, therefore in order to avoid being let go, he took the initiative to hand in his letter of resignation.
鸟尽弓藏，兔死狗烹 Niǎo jìn gōng cáng, tù sǐ gǒu pēng
春秋时期，越国在与吴国的战争中失败。越王向吴国投降，做了吴王的奴隶，但是他暗中一直在努力复兴越国。范蠡和文种二十多年尽心尽力地帮助越王，越国渐渐强大起来，最后消灭了吴国。
In the Spring and Autumn Period, the state of Yue was defeated by Wu in the war. Emperor Yue surrendered to Wu and became a slave of Emperor Wu. However, he secretly tried to revive the state of Yue . Fan Li and Wen Zhong wholeheartedly helped him for more than twenty years and Yue became stronger and stronger. In the end, Wu was annihilated.
越王觉得范蠡的功劳很大，就封他做上将军。可是范蠡不但不接受这个官位，还辞去了原来的职务。他不顾越王的极力挽留，离开了越国。而文种接受了越王册封，做了越国的丞相。
Emperor Yue thought Fan Li had made a great contribution and sought to appoint him as a general. But Fan Li did not accept the offer and even resigned from his original post. In spite of Yue's earnest efforts to detain him , he left . However, Wen Zhong accepted Emperor Yue's appointment as the Prime Minister of Yue.
范蠡离开之后，一直担心他的朋友文种，于是就让人送了一封信给文种。在信中告诉他：越王心胸狭窄，只能和他共度难关，不能同享富贵。你也赶快离开吧。猎人如果没有飞鸟可打，就把弓收起来了；兔子死光了，不再需要猎狗，就会杀死它们吃肉。现在越国强大了，也消灭了吴国，不再需要我们了。
When Fan Li left, he continued to worry about his friend. So he sent a letter to Wen Zhong. In the letter he said, "Emperor Yue is narrow-minded. One can only go through difficulty with him, but cannot share with him in wealth and honor. You'd better leave soon. If a hunter does not have birds to shoot, he will put away his bow; if all the hares have been killed, hunting dogs are no longer needed and they will be stewed and eaten. Now Yue is strong and Wu is destroyed. We are not needed anymore."
可是文种觉得自己的功劳很大，不可能被杀害，没有听范蠡的劝告。最后，越王还是逼迫他自杀了。
However, Wen Zhong thought it impossible for himself to be killed in view of the great contributions that he had made. So he did not listen to Fan Li's suggestion. In the end, he was forced to commitsuicide by Emperor Yue.
词语注释：
春秋时期：（Chūnqiū Shíqī）n. the Spring and Autumn Period
投降：（tóuxiáng）v. to surrender
奴隶：（núlì）n. slave
复兴：（fùxīng）v. to make a come back to former glory or prosperity
功劳：（gōngláo）n. contribution
挽留：（wǎnliú）v. to persuade sb. to stay
册封：（cèfēng）v. to confer a title upon sb.
劝告：（quàngào）n. advice
逼迫：（bīpò）v. to force
意义：
"鸟尽弓藏，兔死狗烹"的原义是说猎人没有飞鸟打，就把弓收起来了；兔子死光了，帮助猎人追捕猎物的猎狗就没用了，可以杀狗吃肉了。比喻事情成功之后，就把有功劳的人杀掉或者抛弃。
The original meaning of "鸟尽弓藏，兔死狗烹"is that if a hunter does not have birds to shoot, he will put away his bow; if all the hares have been killed, hunting dogs are not needed and they will be stewed and eaten. It is a metaphor describing how individuals in a position of service are eliminated once they have served their purpose.
例句：
1、历史上有很多优秀的人才都没有逃脱鸟尽弓藏兔死狗烹的命运。
In history, there were many talented people who were done away with when once they had finished their missions.
2、公司已经运行良好，为了避免鸟尽弓藏兔死狗烹的下场，他主动递上了辞职信。
The company is now running very well, therefore in order to avoid being let go, he took the initiative to hand in his letter of resignation.
- emperor [´empərə]
n.皇帝 (初中英语单词) - appoint [ə´pɔint] vt.安排；委派；任命 (初中英语单词)
- earnest [´ə:nist] a.认真的 n.认真；诚恳 (初中英语单词)
- minister [´ministə] n.部长；大臣 v.伺候 (初中英语单词)
- wealth [welθ] n.财富，财产 (初中英语单词)
- hunter [´hʌntə] n.猎人；猎狗；猎马 (初中英语单词)
- suggestion [sə´dʒestʃən] n.建议，提议；暗示 (初中英语单词)
- commit [kə´mit] vt.犯(罪)；把...判处 (初中英语单词)
- surrender [sə´rendə] vt.&n.交出；引渡；放弃 (初中英语单词)
- prosperity [prɔ´speriti] n.繁荣；成功；幸运 (初中英语单词)
- persuade [pə´sweid] v.(被)说服；使相信 (初中英语单词)
- talented [´tæləntid] a.天才的；能干的 (初中英语单词)
- running [´rʌniŋ] a.奔跑的；流动的 (初中英语单词)
- therefore [´ðeəfɔ:] ad.&conj.因此；所以 (初中英语单词)
- secretly [´si:kritli] ad.秘密地；隐蔽地 (高中英语单词)
- revive [ri´vaiv] v.(使)苏醒；(使)振奋 (高中英语单词)
- contribution [,kɔntri´bju:ʃən] n.贡献；捐献；投稿 (高中英语单词)
- detain [di´tein] vt.留住；拘留 (高中英语单词)
- suicide [´su:isaid, ´sju:-] n.&a.自杀(者)(的) (高中英语单词)
- initiative [i´niʃiətiv] n.主动权；首创精神 (高中英语单词)
- resignation [,rezig´neiʃən] n.辞职(书)；放弃；顺从 (高中英语单词)
- hunting [´hʌntiŋ] n.打猎 (英语六级单词)
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