故事 Story

一男生暗恋一女生很久了，一天，该男生终于鼓起勇气来到女生面前。
男生：你喜欢什么样的男生？
女生：Tóuyuán de。
男生有些着急，沉默了一会儿，又问道：你想交什么样的男朋友？
女生又是同样的回答：Tóuyuán de。
男生有些泄气了，结巴地问道：头扁的行不行？
A boy has been in love with a girl secretly for quite a long time. One day, he finally plucked up his courage and came to the girl.
He asked her:" What kind of boy do you like?"
The girl said:" 投缘的(Tóuyuán de) (The one who is congenial to me)."
The boy became a little nervous but remained silent for a while. Then he asked again:" What kind of boyfriend do you like?"
The girl replied with the same answer:" 投缘的(Tóuyuán de)."
The boy was then frustrated, and stammered:" Will a boy with a flat head do?"

词语注释 Note

暗恋：(ànliàn) v. unrequited love; fall in love with someone secretly
鼓起：(gǔqǐ) v. summon up
勇气：(yǒngqì) n. courage
喜欢：(xǐhuan) v. like
沉默：(chénmò) adj. silent
泄气：(xièqì) v. feel discouraged, feel like giving up
结巴：(jiē ba) v. stammer, stutter, stumble
扁：(biǎn) adj. flat

语言点Language Point
汉语同音词：
Homonyms in Chinese:
同音词指的是声、韵、调完全相同，而意义完全不同的一组词。现代汉语普通话中，音节总数只有407个，如果按照GB2312 80《信息交换用汉语编码字符集(基本集)》收录的6763个汉字进行统计，音节总数只有397个，加上四声的变化，现代汉语的音节总数也不超过1500个。用这样少的音节去表达数十万个词构成的现代汉语词汇，不可避免地要出现数目众多的同音词。
Homonyms in Chinese refer to the words that are pronounced the same but differ in the meaning. In modern Chinese Mandarin, there are all together 407 syllables. However, according to GB2312 80 Code for Information Interchange, which includes 6,763 Chinese characters, there are only 397 syllables in total. Even if we take the four tones of Chinese into consideration, there won't be more than 1,500 syllables in contemporary Chinese language. When we try to use such a limited number of syllables to pronounce hundreds of thousands of words and phrases, it is unavoidable that a great number of homonyms will come into being.

短文中，女生说"Tóuyuán de"，本是想表达"投缘的"的意思，而男生则理解成了"头圆的"。"投缘的"和"头圆的"的声、韵、调的发音完全一致，但这组同音词给这个特定情境下交际的两个人带来了一定的障碍。
In the story, when the girl replies to the boy with "投缘的(Tóuyuán de)", she intends to tell the boy she wants a boyfriend who is agreeable to her taste, but the boy misunderstands it as "someone who has a flat head" since "投缘" and "头圆" are pronounced exactly the same but have drastically different meanings. Therefore, these two homonyms have caused miscomprehension between the two people in this special situation.

同音词按书写形式是否相同又分作两类：
Homonyms can be divided into two categories according to whether they have the same form:

1．书写形式相同。例如：
huì      会1——我今天上午有一个会。
         会2——你会英语吗？
shēng qì       生气1——年青人生气勃勃，充满了活力。
               生气2——他半天没说话，准是生气了。
1. Homonyms with the same form. E.g.:
  hui  会1——我今天上午有一个会。meeting (I have a meeting to attend this morning)
       会2——你会英语吗？can (Can you speak English?)
shēng qì     生气1——年青人生气勃勃，充满了活力。life; vitality (Young people are always so vital, so full of life and energy.)
             生气2——他半天没说话，准是生气了。be angry (For a long while he has remained speechless; he must have been angry.)

2．书写形式不同（多音节词含部分相同部分不同）。例如：
gōnɡguān     攻关——重点科研项目要组织人员协作攻关。
             公关——她是一名公关小姐。

2. Homonyms with different forms (polysyllabic words will have partly the same in the form). E.g.:
gōnɡguān     攻关——重点科研项目要组织人员协作攻关。tackle key problems (Key scientificresearch projects shall arrange staff to tackle main technological problems.)
             公关——她是一名公关小姐。public relations official (She is a public relation official.)

• nervous [´nə:vəs]   a.神经的；神经过敏的   (初中英语单词)
• differ [´difə]   vi.不同；有差别   (初中英语单词)
• consideration [kən,sidə´reiʃən]   n.考虑；原因；体谅   (初中英语单词)
• agreeable [ə´gri:əbəl]   a.适合的；符合的   (初中英语单词)
• therefore [´ðeəfɔ:]   ad.&conj.因此；所以   (初中英语单词)
• partly [´pɑ:tli]   ad.部分地；不完全地   (初中英语单词)
• scientific [,saiən´tifik]   a.科学(上)的   (初中英语单词)
• research [ri´sə:tʃ]   n.&vi.调查；探究；研究   (初中英语单词)
• secretly [´si:kritli]   ad.秘密地；隐蔽地   (高中英语单词)
• summon [´sʌmən]   vt.召集；号召   (高中英语单词)
• stammer [´stæmə]   v.&n.口吃   (高中英语单词)
• pronounced [prə´naunst]   a.发出音的；显著的   (高中英语单词)
• contemporary [kən´tempərəri]   a.&n.同时代的(人)   (高中英语单词)
• limited [´limitid]   a.有限(制)的   (高中英语单词)
• tackle [´tækəl]   n.用具；装置 vt.处理   (高中英语单词)
• congenial [kən´dʒi:niəl]   a.意气相投的；合适的   (英语四级单词)
• vitality [vai´tæliti]   n.活力；生命力；效力   (英语四级单词)
• speechless [´spi:tʃləs]   a.说不出话的   (英语四级单词)
• interchange [,intə´tʃeindʒ]   vt.交换；兑换 n.交换   (英语六级单词)